英语动词时体的语篇衔接功能

论文摘要

作为语言交际单位,语篇(text)指任何长度的,在意义上完整的口语和书面语的段落。语篇与非语篇的根本区别在于是否具有语篇性(texture),而语篇性是由衔接关系形成的(Halliday and Hasan 1976:2)。可见,衔接是语篇分析领域中的最基本的概念之一,也是语篇分析的重要课题。一般认为,Halliday和Hasan合著的《英语中的衔接》(Cohesion in English)一书的出版标志着衔接理论的创立。衔接理论自出现以来就在学术界引起广泛的关注,因为它对语篇分析、翻译理论、人机对话和文体学研究的发展都起着不可估量的作用。国内外学者虽从20世纪下半叶就对语篇的衔接进行了一定的研究,但多集中在常规的语法和词汇等表层结构的衔接手段上。张德禄(1999)在评价Halliday和Hasan的衔接理论时指出还有一些其他衔接手段他们没有研究,如语音语调的衔接作用,时态语态的衔接作用,及物性系统的衔接作用等。 “时”、“体”与“时间”这三个概念的关系及各自的体系从亚里士多德至今已被无数语言学家探讨过,但目前尚无定论。多数语言学家认为英语中有两时两体。英语中虽然没有将来时,却不缺乏将来时间的表达方法。时和体既可分开使用,又可结合起来使用,从而构成复合体形式。时体可作为解释动作、事件及过程的时间框架。而传统上对动词的时体研究则限定在句子范畴内,未将其扩展到语篇层次。 时体能否起到语篇衔接的作用呢?这一问题曾引起过西方学者的兴趣,国内也曾有学者对此做出过论述。一致认为,时体形式是构成连贯性语篇的重要结构衔接手段。而动词的时体形式作为语篇衔接手段在70年代后期才逐渐引起语言学家的重视,国内外仅有为数不多的几位语言学家对此做过研究。对动词时体的语篇衔接功能所做的为数不多的研究,也多集中于小说中的自由直接引语和自由间接引语,而对时体在其他语篇类型中所起的衔接

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract （Chinese）
• Abstract （English）
• List of figures and tables
• Contents
• Introduction
• 0.1 The purpose of studying cohesion
• 0.2 The purpose of studying the cohesive function of tenses and aspects
• 0.3 Methodology and data collection
• Chapter One Literature Review of Studies on Cohesion, Tense and Aspect
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Studies on cohesion
• 1.2.1 Researches carried out abroad and at home
• 1.2.2 Halliday and Hasan's cohesion theory
• 1.2.3 Comment
• 1.3 Studies on the cohesive function of tenses and aspects
• 1.3.1 Researches carried out abroad
• 1.3.2 Researches carried out in China
• 1.3.3 Comment
• 1.4 Summary
• Chapter Two The Meanings and Usages of Tenses and Aspects of English Verbs
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Defining tense and aspect
• 2.2.1 Defining tense
• 2.2.2 Defining aspect
• 2.2.3 Approach adopted in this thesis
• 2.3 Expressions of present time and their usages
• 2.3.1 Tenses referring to present
• 2.3.2 Aspects referring to present
• 2.4 Expressions of past time and their usages
• 2.4.1 Tenses referring to past
• 2.4.2 Aspects referring to past
• 2.5 Expressions of future time and their usages
• 2.5.1 Will/shall + infinitive
• 2.5.2 Be going to /be to + infinitive
• 2.5.3 Be + progressive aspect
• 2.5.4 The Simple Present
• 2.5.5 Will/shall+ progressive/perfective infinitive
• 2.6 Summary
• Chapter Three Investigations of the Use of Tenses and Aspects in English Texts
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Investigations of the use of tenses and aspects in narrative texts
• 3.3 Investigations of the use of tenses and aspects in expository texts
• 3.4 Investigations of the use of tenses and aspects in argumentative texts
• 3.5 Investigations of the use of tenses and aspects in descriptive texts
• 3.6 Summary
• Chapter Four The Cohesive Function of Tenses and Aspects in English Texts: Case Studies
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 The cohesive function of the Simple Present
• 4.3 The cohesive function of the Simple Past
• 4.4 The cohesive function of the progressive aspect
• 4.5 The cohesive function of the perfective aspect
• 4.6 Exceptional uses of the Simple Present in texts
• 4.6.1 Historical Present in narrative texts
• 4.6.2 Other uses of the Simple Present
• 4.7 Summary
• Chapter Five Theoretical and Pedagogical Implications
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Theoretical implications
• 5.3 Pedagogical implications
• 5.3.1 Implications for teaching reading
• 5.3.1.1 Introduction to various approaches of reading teaching
• 5.3.1.2 Implications for teaching reading
• 5.3.2 Implications for teaching writing
• 5.3.2.1 Introduction to various approaches of writing teaching
• 5.3.2.2 Implications for teaching writing
• 5.4 Summary
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Appendix