以汉语为母语的英语学习者心理使役动词习得研究

以汉语为母语的英语学习者心理使役动词习得研究

论文摘要

本研究在事件—框架理论架构下探讨以汉语为母语的英语学习者如何习得英语心理使役动词。本文认为,在第二语言(英语)的心理使役动词习得过程当中,母语与目标语的异同将会直接影响学习者的习得困难程度。本研究的目的就在于通过对比分析英汉两种语言在使役化结构的异同,从而来更好的说明中国学习者习得英语心理使役动词的具体过程及其相应的特点。本研究确定了制约心理使役动词习得的两个主要因素:两种语言中心理使役动词结构的异同和第二语言水平的差异。通过对英汉两种语言使役化结构的对比分析,本文得出英语心理使役动词的原型结构为词汇类的致使结构,而汉语的则是兼语类的致使结构。在此基础上,我们假设两种语言中的心理使役动词原型结构差异,必将导致中国学习者的习得困难。其难度会随着习得者的二语水平的提高而逐渐降低。与此同时,对于不同二语水平的习得者,其习得难度呈现不同的特征。为了在事件—框架理论下检验这些假说的合理性,本研究提出了三个具体的研究假设,并设计了两个研究工具来验证这些假设。这两个研究工具分别是图片描述任务和句子产出任务。共有90名分属不同水平组的中国成年英语学习者参加了本项研究的实验组。另外,为了对比二语习得者与操本族语者的差异,有30名以英语为母语的澳大利亚成年人参加了本次研究的对照组。实验结果显示,中国英语学习者在习得心理使役动词的过程当中,是逐步地从兼语类结构过渡到词汇化类结构的一个过程。该过程表明在中级学习阶段,学习者开始意识到此范畴中的事件合成过程,从而开始逐步地使用词汇化类的心理使役动词。该实验还表明,英汉共有的心理使役动词要比英语独有的心理使役动词更为容易习得。但是部分结果显示,对于初级学习者来说,两种语言中心理使役动词的相似点也会导致习得难度的产生。以上研究证明,基于认知语言学范畴下的事件—框架分析能给我们提供一个更好的途径来认识中国英语学习者在习得心理使役动词的过程当中的具体过程及特性。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • List of Figures
  • List of Tables
  • List of Abbreviations
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Research Orientation
  • 1.2 The Causative Psych Verbs: The Target of Research
  • 1.3 Rationale
  • 1.3.1 A Topic of Vital Significance for Second Language (L2) Research
  • 1.3.2 A Topic of the Current Focus but Lack of Further Invsetigaton
  • 1.4 Key Research Questions
  • 1.5 Structure of the Thesis
  • Chapter 2 Literature Review
  • 2.1 The Previous Studies on Causative Psych Verbs in Generative Paradigm
  • 2.1.1 Juffs: CAUSE/STATE Conflation Parameter Theory.
  • 2.1.2 Chen: The Revised Zero CAUS Theory
  • 2.1.3 Zhang: A semantic Salience Hierarchy Model
  • 2.2 A Critical Review on the Previous Studies
  • 2.3 Summary
  • Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
  • 3.1 The Theoretical Development
  • 3.1.1 The Development of the L2: An Integrated Process
  • 3.1.2 The Notion of Frame
  • 3.2 Event-Frame Model (EFM)
  • 3.2.1 Implications of Talmy’s Work
  • 3.2.2 The Interpretation of the Causative Psych Verbs of Different Categories
  • 3.2.2.1 The Typologies of the Causative Psych Verbs
  • 3.2.2.2 The Event-Frame-based Analyses
  • 3.3 Summary
  • Chapter 4 Cross-linguistic Analysis and Research Hypotheses
  • 4.1 The Prototype of Causative Psych Verbs in English and Chinese
  • 4.1.1 The Prototype of Causative Psych Verbs in English
  • 4.1.2 The Prototype of Causative Psych Verbs in Chinese
  • 4.1.3 The Accessing Models on the Causative Psych Verbs in English and Chinese
  • 4.2 The Learning Difficulties for the Chinese Learners
  • 4.3 Research Hypotheses
  • 4.4 Variables Involved in the Hypotheses Testing
  • 4.5 Summary
  • Chapter 5 Research Design and Methodology
  • 5.1 Research Design
  • 5.2 Operationalization
  • 5.3 Method
  • 5.3.1 Participants
  • 5.3.1.1 English as a Second Language Participants.
  • 5.3.1.2 Native English Participants
  • 5.3.2 Materials
  • 5.3.2.1 English Proficiency Test (EPT)
  • 5.3.2.2 Picture Description Task (PDT)
  • 5.3.2.3 Writing Production Task (WPT)
  • 5.3.3 Procedure
  • 5.3.4 Data Collection
  • 5.3.4.1 Time and Venue
  • 5.3.4.2 Data Coding and Scoring
  • 5.3.4.2.1 Coding and Scoring in PDT
  • 5.3.4.2.2 Coding and Scoring in WPT
  • 5.3.5 Data Analysis
  • 5.4 Summary
  • Chapter 6 Results for Research Hypotheses Testing
  • 6.1 Results for Hypothesis 1
  • 6.1.1 Picture Description Task (PDT) Data
  • 6.1.2 Writing Production Task (WPT) Data
  • 6.2 Results for Hypothesis 2
  • 6.2.1 Picture Description Task (PDT) Data
  • 6.2.2 Writing Production Task (WPT) Data
  • 6.3 Results for Hypothesis 3
  • 6.4 Summary
  • Chapter 7 General Discussion
  • 7.1 A Summary of the Research Findings
  • 7.1.1 The Major Theoretical Findings
  • 7.1.1.1 A Dynamic Event-Frame Model
  • 7.1.1.2 An External Force Recognition Process
  • 7.1.2 The Major Empirical Findings
  • 7.1.2.1 The Findings in H1Testing
  • 7.1.2.2 The Findings in H2 Testing
  • 7.1.2.3 The Findings in H3 Testing
  • 7.2 The Explanatory Power of Event-Frame Model for the L2 Causative Psych Verbs Acquisition
  • 7.3 Summary
  • Chapter 8 Conclusions, Implications, Limitations and Future Directions
  • 8.1 Conclusions
  • 8.2 Implications
  • 8.3 Limitations
  • 8.4 Future Directions
  • References
  • Appendix I English Proficiency Test (EPT)
  • Appendix II Consent to Participate in Research
  • Appendix III Picture Description Task (PDT)
  • Appendix IV Writing Production Task (WPT)
  • Acknowledgements
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