语言与权力:权威语篇的批评性分析

语言与权力:权威语篇的批评性分析

论文摘要

早在人类出现之前,动物的种群里就存在着等级关系,级别高的对级别低的有支配能力。这一现象在人类文明出现之后,更是得到了发展和深化,这就是社会权力等级。所不同的是人类已不像动物那样通过打斗来划定疆域称王,因为人类拥有语言这种独一无二的能力,所以随着社会的发展和进步,权力关系主要通过语言来体现和调整。本文采用批评性语篇分析(CDA)的视角是因为它主张运用适当的语言学理论分析语篇中隐含的权力和统治关系,并将语言、权力以及意识形态的关系作为研究的主要对象。任何语篇都蕴含着说话者的意义及意图,而本文选用权威语篇作为分析语料,能更好地凸显权力在话语行为中所起的作用。本文讨论的中心议题是权力在话语行为中是如何体现又是如何对人们的思想和行为产生影响的。其中包括宏观和微观两个层面的分析:宏观方面是关于方法论框架,主要是基于Fairclough的三维分析框架和van Dijk的语篇认知社会三角关系图,从而创建出适合本研究的方法论框架;微观方面是针对具体语篇的语言学特征进行分析,把Halliday的系统功能语言学作为具体语篇的分析工具。在语篇的选择方面兼顾了书面和口头语篇两大类,从内容和形式上都考虑到权威的因素。通过对权威部门发放的通知和信件以及美剧《豪斯医生》脚本的分析,本文揭示了语言活动是受意识形态影响的,权力之所以表现出强大的支配力是因为它根植于庞大的社会等级结构。

论文目录

  • Acknowledgements
  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • Chapter 2 Literature review
  • 2.1 Important concepts for the study
  • 2.1.1 Critical discourse analysis (CDA)
  • 2.1.2 Discourse
  • 2.1.3 Ideology
  • 2.1.4 Power
  • 2.2 Methodology of CDA
  • 2.2.1 Macro-level analysis
  • 2.2.1.1 Speech act theory
  • 2.2.1.2 Fairclough’s three-dimensional framework
  • 2.2.1.3 van Dijk’s socio-cognitive research
  • 2.2.2 Micro-level analysis
  • 2.2.2.1 Ideational function
  • 2.2.2.2 Interpersonal function
  • 2.2.2.3 Textual function
  • Chapter 3 Analytical Framework
  • 3.1 Integrated framework
  • 3.2 Methods
  • 3.2.1 Data collection procedures
  • 3.2.2 Data analysis procedures
  • 3.3 Summary
  • Chapter 4 Data analysis and findings
  • 4.1 Analysis of texts
  • 4.1.1 Notices
  • 4.1.2 Letters
  • 4.2 Analysis of conversations
  • 4.2.1 Discussion
  • 4.2.2 Consultation
  • 4.2.3 Power or knowledge
  • 4.3 Findings from the analysis
  • 4.4 Summary
  • Chapter 5 Conclusion
  • Bibliography
  • Appendix A
  • Appendix B
  • Appendix C
  • 发表的论文及参与的学术活动
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    语言与权力:权威语篇的批评性分析
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