The Theory of Linguistic Adaptation and Its Application in Translation

论文摘要

许多学者认为Verschueren的顺应论是一个统一连贯的语言使用理论。由于翻译是一种特殊的语言使用形式,因此可从顺应论的视角对其进行研究。本论文主要进行的是实证研究,并辅之以一定的理论探讨。首先将探讨顺应论对翻译论的影响,包括:顺应论(Adaptation Theory)与传统翻译理论中的归化(adaptation)之比较;顺应论视角下的翻译过程以及顺应论对重译的解释能力。然后从语用调查的四个方面(角度)出发,论证顺应论对翻译实践的解释和指导能力。这四个方面分别是:语境关系顺应、语言结构顺应、动态顺应和顺应过程中的意识程度。语境与结构互相顺应。译者不仅要顺应交际语境,也要顺应语言语境。在译者理解阶段,语境是由译者与源语作者之间的动态互动(关于外在事物或设想的外在事物)产生的;在译者表达阶段,语境则是由译者与译语读者之间的动态互动(关于外在事物或设想的外在事物)产生的。翻译需要选择各个层次的结构及结构构成原则。译者应注意源语和译语在所有这些方面的差异。同时在各个结构层次作出顺应是不可能的,译者根据不同的原则在各个结构层次作出的选择总是相互依赖、相互顺应的。译者应能发现存在于时间、语境和结构中的动态顺应,同时译者应掌握源语和译语生成意义的策略,能够动态地使用这些策略生成意义。至于顺应过程中的意识程度,译者应知道在生成意义方面社会和认知两者的作用密不可分。当有迹象表明意识程度与意义的理解相关时,译者需要将意识程度纳入考虑范围。总之,Verschueren的顺应论为我们提供了一个统一连贯的翻译框架,对翻译理论有着重大的影响。此外,它对翻译现象有较强的解释能力、对翻译实践有较强的指导作用。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Overview of Verschueren’s Theory of Linguistic Adaptation
• 1.1.1 Schools in Pragmatics and Verschueren’s Pragmatics as the Theory of Linguistic Adaptation
• 1.1.2 Language Using: Continuous Making of Choices
• 1.1.3 Three Properties of Language: Variability, Negotiability and Adaptability
• 1.1.4 Four Aspects of Meaningful Functioning of Language
• 1.2 Status of Research on Adaptation Theory and Its Application in Translation
• 1.3 Significance of the Present Study
• Chapter 2 Adaptation Theory and Translation Theories
• 2.1 “Adaptation”in Traditional Translation Theory and Adaptation Theory
• 2.2 Translation Processes from the Perspective of Adaptation Theory
• 2.2.1 Translation: Continuous Making of Linguistic Choices
• 2.2.2 Translation as Inter-Adaptation Processes between Context and Structure
• 2.3 Adaptation Theory and the Necessity of Retranslation
• 2.3.1.T emporal Dimension of Language Use and Retranslation
• 2.3.2.D ynamics of Context and Retranslation
• Chapter 3 Contextual Correlates of Adaptability and Contextual Adaptation in Translation
• 3.1 Communicative Context and Its Adaptation in Translation
• 3.1.1 Adaptation of Language Users in Translation
• 3.1.2 Adaptation of the Mental World in Translation
• 3.1.3 Adaptation of the Social World in Translation
• 3.1.4 Adaptation of the Physical World in Translation
• 3.2 Linguistic Context and Its Adaptation in Translation
• 3.2.1 Adaptation of Contextual Cohesion in Translation
• 3.2.2 Adaptation of Intertextuality in Translation
• 3.2.3 Adaptation of Sequencing in Translation
• 3.3 Generation of Context in Translation
• 3.4 Summary
• Chapter 4 Structural Objects of Adaptability and Structural Adaptation in Translation
• 4.1 Codes and Styles and Their Adaptation in Translation
• 4.2 Utterance-Building Ingredients and Their Adaptation in Translation
• 4.2.1 Adaptation of Sound Structure in Translation
• 4.2.2 Adaptation of Morphemes and Words in Translation
• 4.2.3 Adaptation of Clauses and Sentences in Translation
• 4.3 Utterances and Utterance Clusters and Their Adaptation in Translation
• 4.3.1 Adaptation of Speech Acts in Translation
• 4.3.2 Adaptation of Discourses in Translation
• 4.4 Utterance-Building Principles and Their Adaptation in Translation
• 4.4.1 Adaptation of Sentential Utterance Building in Translation
• 4.4.2 Adaptation of Suprasentential Utterance Building in Translation
• 4.5 Summary
• Chapter 5 Dynamics of Adaptability and Dynamic Translation
• 5.1 Where and How to Locate the Dynamics of Adaptability in Translation
• 5.1.1 The Temporal Dimension as the Raw Material of Dynamics and Translation
• 5.1.2 Dynamics of Context in Translation
• 5.1.3 Dynamics of Structure in Translation
• 5.2 How to Construct Frames of Meaning in Translation
• 5.3 Application of the Strategies of Meaning Generation in Translation
• 5.4 Dynamics of Interactive Meaning Generation in Translation
• 5.5 Summary
• Chapter 6 Salience of Adaptation Processes and Its Implications for Translation
• 6.1 Inseparability of Society and Cognition in Translation
• 6.2 Enlightenment on Translation Given by Degrees of Salience
• 6.3 Summary
• Chapter 7 Conclusion
• 7.1 Summary of Main Findings
• 7.2 Limitations and Suggestions
• Acknowledgements
• Bibliography
• 攻硕期间取得的研究成果