论文摘要
个人意见专栏是一种特殊的语篇形式。本篇论文对2009年《读者文摘》杂志Ask Laskas个人意见专栏上刊登的50篇文章进行了分析,通过这些主题各异的文章得出此类语篇中的权力是如何通过不同的情态表达来展现的。本文运用韩礼德的情态理论以及福柯的权力理论进行分析,目的是研究语言结构背后的意识形态、语篇背后隐藏的权力、以及如何用恰当的方式来提出意见。本文的分析分为四个部分,分别是情态的应用、情态的量值、情态的隐喻和情态的取向。作者在每部分中都会搜集数据、进行计算并加以分析,还制作了若干表格,使分析结果一目了然。在每部分的末尾都进行了小段总结,综合各个小段总结得出最终结论。分析发现情态的多样性反映了人们在情感和权力上的差异。专栏作家当然可以使用祈使句或是高量值的情态来表达自己的观点,不过如果能够使用更为柔和的语气,如在必要处运用情态隐喻或非明确的情态表达,就能够大大提高他人对意见的接受度。由于具备专业知识和丰富的经验,并享有较高的社会地位,专栏作家能够影响投稿读者的意识形态,并说服他们接受自己的意见。专栏作家的知识越多,权力也就越大。此外,本文还对如何表达意见提出了一些建议,如掌握足够的知识、特别是相关领域的知识,将自己置于权威的位置;学会通过运用语言技巧来控制谈话气氛,比如使用情态隐喻和非明确的情态等等,而不仅仅是依靠祈使句和高量值的情态表达来命令他人接受意见。
论文目录
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