论文摘要
精神分裂症(schizophrenia)是最常见最严重的精神疾病之一,在世界范围内患病率约为1%,主要特征为基本个性改变,思维、情感、行为的分裂,精神活动与环境的不协调。一个多世纪以来通过对家系、同胞对和寄养子的研究已经证明了遗传因素在精神分裂症致病机理中的重要作用,然而确切的致病基因和遗传位点一直未能找到。全基因组遗传连锁分析研究表明,精神分裂症并不是单基因遗传病,而可能是由多个微效或中效基因共同作用,并很大程度上受到环境因素的影响,因此遗传学上将精神分裂症作为一种复杂遗传疾病纳入研究范畴。本论文基于连锁不平衡原理对候选基因CHL1、DISC1和BDNF基因在中国汉族人群中与精神分裂症的相关性进行了鉴定。CHL1(the close homologue of L1)在加速神经突的延伸和维持神经元的存活方面发挥着重要的作用。大量生化和神经生理研究证据表明CHL1可能参与的精神分裂症的发病机理。我们利用来自中国汉族的560例病人和576例正常人为样本进行了CHL1基因与精神分裂症的关联分析,并发现位于基因1号外显子的SNPrs2272522位点的基因型和等位基因型的频率在病例组和对照组之间显示出强烈的统计学差异(χ2= 31.591,P<0.000001,OR=1.745, 95%CI=1.435-2.121),这与此前在日本人群中进行的一项关联分析的结果一致,表示此等位基因可能是个疾病的易感性位点或者与易感性位点处于连锁不平衡状态。DISC1 (Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1)基因是在研究1号染色体易位突变与精神分裂症的关系时被发现的,多方面证据表明DISC1在神经元迁移、细胞骨架定位、神经传导等方面发挥一定的作用。基于中国汉族的560例病人和576例正常人,我们对DISC1基因中的三个SNP位点rs2492367,rs821616和rs2295959进行了基因分型,当把所有病例组和对照组相比时,没有一个SNP的基因型或者等位基因型频率有显著性差异,当把样本再根据性别分组后,我们在女性组中检测到SNPrs2295959位点的基因型和等位基因型的频率在病人和正常人之间有统计学差异(χ2=6.188,P=0.0135,OR=0.728,
论文目录
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