本文主要研究内容
作者胡宜峰（2019）在《中管鼻蝠性二型及其驱动机制的探讨》一文中研究指出：中管鼻蝠(Murina huttoni)隶属于翼手目(Chiroptera)蝙蝠科(Vespertilionidae)管鼻蝠属(Murina),是典型的森林型蝙蝠,常栖息于植被环境较好的密林深处,难以捕获,基础生物学资料匮乏。随着近年来蝙蝠竖琴网的使用,对于该物种的报道逐渐增多。自2009年至今,本研究组持续开展中国南部森林型翼手目资源调查,在广东、江西、湖南、湖北、浙江以及云南等6省采集到中管鼻蝠125只(雌性:54只;雄性:71只),对其进行形态学分析后发现,该物种与其他翼手目种类类似,同样存在“偏雌性二型”现象,但迄今未见探讨其内在驱动机制的研究。因此本研究尝试整合传统形态学(外部形态、翼型及头骨的长度测量指标)、几何形态学(二维翼型特征及三维重建的头骨模型)、多元统计学及亲缘地理学等技术手段量化其性二型特征,重建其种群遗传结构与种群历史动态,并探讨其性二型潜在驱动力。主要结果如下:(1)中管鼻蝠雌雄间的外部形态长度测量指标、翼型长度测量指标、翼型二维几何形态指标、翼面积测量指标、头骨长度测量指标以及头骨三维几何形态指标多元统计分析结果表明:其两性间在各度量指标上均表现出显著的雌雄差异,且雌性个体大于雄性个体;使用协变量对数据进行处理后,在翼面积指标、翼型二维几何形态学指标、头骨测量指标以及头骨三维几何形态以及部分翼型指标仍发现显著性差异,提示在局部区域中存在异速生长现象,且相关区域分化可能与雌性携带幼崽飞行(提高翼荷载)、雌性飞行灵活性、雄性适应远距离飞行的分化及牙齿咬合和食物咀嚼相关。同时,本研究也发现雌雄个体在不同区域间的差异性上存在不同,雌性较雄性表现出更明显的地域性差异。雌性蝙蝠较雄性蝙蝠外部形态以及翼型上呈整体放大,且雌性蝙蝠在幼崽附着区域呈现特异性放大,表明雌性蝙蝠为了提高繁殖成功率而表现出更大的翼面积,进而提高翼荷载以适应幼崽的附着,与“Big mother”假说相一致;另一方面雄性蝙蝠为了减小其种内资源竞争而适应了远距离飞行,且在头骨上存在显著的雌雄异速生长现象表明雌雄蝙蝠在食物资源上倾向于错开,与“雌雄间资源利用错开”假说一致。(2)基于线粒体CoI基因、核基因RAG2基因及18对微卫星标记的亲缘地理学研究显示:虽然两种基因标记的单倍型网络图拓扑均呈现出混杂的状况,但线粒体标记的遗传结构更为明显;在基因信息上,线粒体CoI基因的遗传多样性高于RAG2基因;且两种标记显示出不一致的种群历史动态,CoI基因呈现出较为明显的瓶颈后的扩张,而RAG2基因则无明显变化。我们认为该结果极大可能源于雄性存在较雌性更强的扩散行为。而微卫星标记的结果显示:中管鼻蝠种群遗传结构存在混杂关系,且无明显地域性差异或雌雄分组状况;其亲缘关系分析的结果提示,同域雌性的亲缘性大于雄性,异域雄性的亲缘性大于雌性。该结果与线粒体基因结果相符,进一步暗示雌雄间表现出性别偏倚行为。进一步说明雌雄蝙蝠为了减小其种内竞争在扩散行为上产生差异,导致雄性蝙蝠倾向于向外扩散,减小其与出生地雌性蝙蝠在食物资源上的竞争,同时也避免近亲繁殖,提高幼崽存活率,与“雌雄间资源利用错开”假说相一致。整合2部分的结果显示,中管鼻蝠性二型驱动机制较复杂,既满足以提高雌性繁殖成功率,导致雌性蝙蝠较雄性蝙蝠呈现出整体性放大的趋势,且在局部功能区域特异性放大的“Big mother”假说,又满足雌雄蝙蝠为了错开生态位,导致雌性倾向于固守在出生地而雄性表现出向外扩散减小种内竞争的“雌雄间资源利用错开”假说。
Abstract
zhong guan bi fu (Murina huttoni)li shu yu yi shou mu (Chiroptera)bian fu ke (Vespertilionidae)guan bi fu shu (Murina),shi dian xing de sen lin xing bian fu ,chang qi xi yu zhi bei huan jing jiao hao de mi lin shen chu ,nan yi bu huo ,ji chu sheng wu xue zi liao kui fa 。sui zhao jin nian lai bian fu shu qin wang de shi yong ,dui yu gai wu chong de bao dao zhu jian zeng duo 。zi 2009nian zhi jin ,ben yan jiu zu chi xu kai zhan zhong guo na bu sen lin xing yi shou mu zi yuan diao cha ,zai an dong 、jiang xi 、hu na 、hu bei 、zhe jiang yi ji yun na deng 6sheng cai ji dao zhong guan bi fu 125zhi (ci xing :54zhi ;xiong xing :71zhi ),dui ji jin hang xing tai xue fen xi hou fa xian ,gai wu chong yu ji ta yi shou mu chong lei lei shi ,tong yang cun zai “pian ci xing er xing ”xian xiang ,dan qi jin wei jian tan tao ji nei zai qu dong ji zhi de yan jiu 。yin ci ben yan jiu chang shi zheng ge chuan tong xing tai xue (wai bu xing tai 、yi xing ji tou gu de chang du ce liang zhi biao )、ji he xing tai xue (er wei yi xing te zheng ji san wei chong jian de tou gu mo xing )、duo yuan tong ji xue ji qin yuan de li xue deng ji shu shou duan liang hua ji xing er xing te zheng ,chong jian ji chong qun wei chuan jie gou yu chong qun li shi dong tai ,bing tan tao ji xing er xing qian zai qu dong li 。zhu yao jie guo ru xia :(1)zhong guan bi fu ci xiong jian de wai bu xing tai chang du ce liang zhi biao 、yi xing chang du ce liang zhi biao 、yi xing er wei ji he xing tai zhi biao 、yi mian ji ce liang zhi biao 、tou gu chang du ce liang zhi biao yi ji tou gu san wei ji he xing tai zhi biao duo yuan tong ji fen xi jie guo biao ming :ji liang xing jian zai ge du liang zhi biao shang jun biao xian chu xian zhe de ci xiong cha yi ,ju ci xing ge ti da yu xiong xing ge ti ;shi yong xie bian liang dui shu ju jin hang chu li hou ,zai yi mian ji zhi biao 、yi xing er wei ji he xing tai xue zhi biao 、tou gu ce liang zhi biao yi ji tou gu san wei ji he xing tai yi ji bu fen yi xing zhi biao reng fa xian xian zhe xing cha yi ,di shi zai ju bu ou yu zhong cun zai yi su sheng chang xian xiang ,ju xiang guan ou yu fen hua ke neng yu ci xing xie dai you zai fei hang (di gao yi he zai )、ci xing fei hang ling huo xing 、xiong xing kuo ying yuan ju li fei hang de fen hua ji ya chi yao ge he shi wu ju jiao xiang guan 。tong shi ,ben yan jiu ye fa xian ci xiong ge ti zai bu tong ou yu jian de cha yi xing shang cun zai bu tong ,ci xing jiao xiong xing biao xian chu geng ming xian de de yu xing cha yi 。ci xing bian fu jiao xiong xing bian fu wai bu xing tai yi ji yi xing shang cheng zheng ti fang da ,ju ci xing bian fu zai you zai fu zhao ou yu cheng xian te yi xing fang da ,biao ming ci xing bian fu wei le di gao fan shi cheng gong lv er biao xian chu geng da de yi mian ji ,jin er di gao yi he zai yi kuo ying you zai de fu zhao ,yu “Big mother”jia shui xiang yi zhi ;ling yi fang mian xiong xing bian fu wei le jian xiao ji chong nei zi yuan jing zheng er kuo ying le yuan ju li fei hang ,ju zai tou gu shang cun zai xian zhe de ci xiong yi su sheng chang xian xiang biao ming ci xiong bian fu zai shi wu zi yuan shang qing xiang yu cuo kai ,yu “ci xiong jian zi yuan li yong cuo kai ”jia shui yi zhi 。(2)ji yu xian li ti CoIji yin 、he ji yin RAG2ji yin ji 18dui wei wei xing biao ji de qin yuan de li xue yan jiu xian shi :sui ran liang chong ji yin biao ji de chan bei xing wang lao tu ta pu jun cheng xian chu hun za de zhuang kuang ,dan xian li ti biao ji de wei chuan jie gou geng wei ming xian ;zai ji yin xin xi shang ,xian li ti CoIji yin de wei chuan duo yang xing gao yu RAG2ji yin ;ju liang chong biao ji xian shi chu bu yi zhi de chong qun li shi dong tai ,CoIji yin cheng xian chu jiao wei ming xian de ping geng hou de kuo zhang ,er RAG2ji yin ze mo ming xian bian hua 。wo men ren wei gai jie guo ji da ke neng yuan yu xiong xing cun zai jiao ci xing geng jiang de kuo san hang wei 。er wei wei xing biao ji de jie guo xian shi :zhong guan bi fu chong qun wei chuan jie gou cun zai hun za guan ji ,ju mo ming xian de yu xing cha yi huo ci xiong fen zu zhuang kuang ;ji qin yuan guan ji fen xi de jie guo di shi ,tong yu ci xing de qin yuan xing da yu xiong xing ,yi yu xiong xing de qin yuan xing da yu ci xing 。gai jie guo yu xian li ti ji yin jie guo xiang fu ,jin yi bu an shi ci xiong jian biao xian chu xing bie pian yi hang wei 。jin yi bu shui ming ci xiong bian fu wei le jian xiao ji chong nei jing zheng zai kuo san hang wei shang chan sheng cha yi ,dao zhi xiong xing bian fu qing xiang yu xiang wai kuo san ,jian xiao ji yu chu sheng de ci xing bian fu zai shi wu zi yuan shang de jing zheng ,tong shi ye bi mian jin qin fan shi ,di gao you zai cun huo lv ,yu “ci xiong jian zi yuan li yong cuo kai ”jia shui xiang yi zhi 。zheng ge 2bu fen de jie guo xian shi ,zhong guan bi fu xing er xing qu dong ji zhi jiao fu za ,ji man zu yi di gao ci xing fan shi cheng gong lv ,dao zhi ci xing bian fu jiao xiong xing bian fu cheng xian chu zheng ti xing fang da de qu shi ,ju zai ju bu gong neng ou yu te yi xing fang da de “Big mother”jia shui ,you man zu ci xiong bian fu wei le cuo kai sheng tai wei ,dao zhi ci xing qing xiang yu gu shou zai chu sheng de er xiong xing biao xian chu xiang wai kuo san jian xiao chong nei jing zheng de “ci xiong jian zi yuan li yong cuo kai ”jia shui 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自广州大学的胡宜峰，发表于刊物广州大学2019-10-11论文，是一篇关于中管鼻蝠论文,几何形态学论文,亲缘地理学论文,种群历史动态论文,性二型驱动机制论文,广州大学2019-10-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自广州大学2019-10-11论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：中管鼻蝠论文; 几何形态学论文; 亲缘地理学论文; 种群历史动态论文; 性二型驱动机制论文; 广州大学2019-10-11论文;