论文摘要
本课题的目的是建立一种适合临床男性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因亚型检测的新方法,同时选择一种易于采集、提高男性HPV阳性检出率、适合基因膜芯片法的标本类型,并对深圳计划生育门诊中男性HPV感染的流行型别和分布状况进行检测分析。通过计算机辅助,参考经典通用引物(MY09/11)和加以改进的PGMY09/11设计23种HPV基因亚型的PCR扩增引物,根据Genbank中的HPV的型特异性序列设计及合成探针,制备可同时对18种高危型:HPV-16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 83, MM4和5种低危型:6, 11, 42, 43, 44进行分型检测的特定纸质膜芯片。通过PCR反应,经过PCR产物与HPV膜条(探针条)杂交、显色后,HPV膜条的PC点显示蓝点才是有效膜条,根据其他蓝点显示位置判读HPV基因亚型(单一感染和多重感染)。对膜杂交结果显示单一亚型感染的阳性PCR产物纯化后进行测序。各型HPV检测段DNA的克隆质粒进行pGEM-T载体构建。重组质粒通过T7启动子引物测序,并与该亚型HPV基因组序列进行比对,以确定构建质粒中所含的各型HPV片段与检测序列完全相同。将经过工程菌扩增的重组质粒提纯后,应用紫外分光光度计测定核酸浓度,用Tris-HCl配制成106拷贝/ml的原始标准品,再将原始标准品稀释成不同浓度的HPV标准品,通过PCR方法、经杂交、显色后,以确定HPV分型的灵敏度。同时,检测对比男性尿道分泌物、精液及尿液三种类型标本。得出以下结论:①本课题建立的男性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因亚型检测方法具有灵敏度高、特异性好、实验程序简便、采样方便、易于设定正常对照等优点,适用于临床进行男性HPV感染的诊断,为开展相应的流行病、病因学调查提供切实可行的检测手段。②检测出的男性HPV基因亚型有:HPV-6,11,16,18,33,35,43,56和73型九种。灵敏度可达10个拷贝HPV DNA分子。③临床应用中发现深圳男性HPV检测阳性率是22.3%,男性HPV感染最常见的基因亚型是6、16和73型。就诊的男性中以31岁~40岁的年龄组最多,其次是21岁~30岁年龄组,但发现深圳男性HPV的感染与年龄无相关性。④多重HPV感染中,以双重感染33/73型感染最多,高危型和低危型混合感染最常见。⑤确定临床常规检测男性HPV感染采用尿道分泌物做为采集部位和标本具有较高的敏感性,并且采样相对简便、易行。本研究主要创新:同时可以检测23种HPV基因亚型是本研究的创新点,HPV基因芯片法使得临床对HPV亚型检测达到微型化、集约化和标准化,从而保证了诊断的高效、廉价、快速和简便。
论文目录
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