工作记忆与情景语境对二语记叙性语篇即时预期推理影响的研究

论文摘要

本论文考查了工作记忆和情景语境对二语记叙性语篇即时预期推理生成的影响。研究运用心理学软件DMDX,以中国英语学习者为被试,采用2(工作记忆:高、低)×2(情景语境:高、低)的实验设计,以反应时为指标,以语境支持度不同的二语记叙性语篇为实验材料,利用阅读时间法从工作记忆个体差异的角度,探讨被试二语语篇理解过程中预期推理的即时加工过程。研究结果表明:(1)中国英语学习者的工作记忆容量影响即时预期推理的生成。高工作记忆容量能加快预期推理的即时生成,即高工作记忆容量的被试比低工作记忆容量的被试产生预期推理所需的时间要短。(2)语篇信息提供的情景语境支持度影响预期推理的即时建构。被试在高预期语境下易做出预期推理。(3)工作记忆和情景语境对即时预期推理的生成有交互作用。情景语境对低工作记忆容量的被试有明显的促进作用。高工作记忆容量的被试几乎不受情景语境支持度的影响,而低工作记忆容量的被试在高预期语境下的反应时明显短于在低预期语境下的反应时间。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• List of Abbreviations
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Research Orientation
• 1.2 Objectives of the Study
• 1.3 Outline of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 Definition of Key Concepts
• 2.1.1 The Concept of Inference
• 2.1.2 The Concept of Predictive Inferences
• 2.1.3 The Concept of Working Memory
• 2.2 Models of The Generation of Predictive Inferences
• 2.2.1 The Minimalist Hypothesis
• 2.2.2 The Constructionist Theory
• 2.2.3 The Current-state Selection Theory
• 2.2.4 The Causal Inference Maker
• 2.3 Factors Constraining the Predictive Inferential Process
• 2.3.1 Reader-based Variables Constraining the Inferential Process
• 2.3.2 Text-based Variables Constraining the Inferential Process
• 2.4 Related Empirical Studies on Predictive Inference Generation
• 2.4.1 Previous Studies of Working Memory and Predictive Inferences Generati
• 2.4.2 Previous Studies of Situation-based Context and Predictive Inferences Generation
• Chapter Three Research Methodology
• 3.1 Research Questions
• 3.2 Working Memory Capacity Experiment
• 3.2.1 Participants
• 3.2.2 Materials and Instrument
• 3.2.3 Procedure
• 3.2.4 Grading of Working Memory Capacity
• 3.3 Predictive Inference Experiment
• 3.3.1 Participants
• 3.3.2 Materials and Instrument
• 3.3.3 Pilot Study
• 3.3.4 Research Design and Procedure
• Chapter Four Results and Discussion
• 4.1 Results
• 4.1.1 Response Errors
• 4.1.2 Response Time
• 4.2 Discussion
• 4.2.1 Working Memory and Predictive Inference Generation
• 4.2.2 Situation-based Context and Predictive Inference Generation
• Chapter Five Conclusion
• 5.1 Major Findings
• 5.2 Implications of the Study
• 5.2.1 Theoretical Implications
• 5.2.2 Methodological Implications
• 5.2.3 Pedagogical Implications
• 5.3 Limitation of the Present Study
• 5.4 Suggestions for Further Studies
• References
• Appendices
• Appendix Ⅰ Instructions for Working Memory Experiment
• Appendix Ⅱ 工作记忆能力测试样题
• Appendix Ⅲ 工作记忆能力测试答题纸
• Appendix Ⅳ Instructions for Predictive Inferences Experiment
• Appendix Ⅴ Sample Paragraphs for Experimental Materials
• Acknowledgements
• 个人简历、发表的学术论文及科研项目