现代汉语非基本颜色词的认知研究

论文摘要

作为色彩概念的语言表征,现代汉语颜色词是现代汉语词汇系统中一个独具魅力的子系统,不仅数量众多,语义丰富,而且有着自身独特的表达方式和结构规律。纵观国内外颜色词研究现状,大多数研究只拘泥于几个具体的基本颜色词,多停留在构造和文化语义的描述层面上,鲜有人深入到具体语言颜色词的词汇和语义系统内部,从认知的角度对现代汉语颜色词意义构建的阐释更是凤毛麟角。本文依靠概念框架等认知语言学理论,综合运用定性定量的方法对从各类辞书、前人著述和在线字典上搜集到的702个具有代表性的现代汉语非基本颜色词进行结构和语义上的描写、分析和解释,旨在揭示现代汉语非基本颜色词的产生和意义构建背后的一般认知规律。本文研究对象现代汉语非基本颜色词是指以现代汉语八个基本颜色词为词根通过复合或者派生方式产生的颜色词。研究发现：第一,从构词角度来看,现代汉语非基本颜色词可分为复合颜色词和派生颜色词两大类。复合颜色词大多是定中结构,限定部分根据不同词性又可分为颜色语素、名词语素、形容词语素和动词语素四小类。其中,名词语素占绝大多数,形容词语素、颜色语素次之,动词语素最少；派生颜色词根据后缀的不同,可分为“X+色”和“X+多音节后缀”两类,其中多音节后缀又可分为"BB"、"BC"、"BCD"三小类。第二,从语义角度来看,按不同语义内容,现代汉语非基本颜色词可分为具体颜色词和抽象颜色词两大类,其中,具体颜色词中的表物语素根据来源又可分为矿物、日用品和食物、自然界元素、动植物,社会团体和地名等五小类,抽象颜色词中的表属性的语素又可分为客观物理属性和主观心理属性两小类。第三,从认知角度来看,现代汉语非基本颜色词的产生和意义建构涉及百科知识结构或框架,以日常经验为基础；其产生和理解涉及三个认知机制,即概念隐喻、概念转喻和概念合成；文化因素包括工艺美术、风俗习惯、民族思维等对充分理解现代汉语非基本颜色词具有深远影响。本研究成果的意义在于：理论上,是对认知语言学特别是框架语义学的扩展性运用,亦将有助于现代汉语词汇学对理论方法的探索；实践上,不仅对汉语词汇学习具有参考价值,并且对汉语教学具有指导意义。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Introduction
• 0.1 Raising of the Problem
• 0.1.1 Trigger
• 0.1.2 Research Subject of the Paper
• 0.2 Viewpoints of the Thesis
• 0.2.1 Exploited Theories
• 0.2.2 Research Methods
• 0.2.3 Significances
• 0.3 Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter One Overview of Previous Studies
• 1.1 Studies of Color Terms
• 1.1.1 Overseas Studies of Color Terms
• 1.1.2 Domestic Studies of Color Terms
• 1.2 Studies of Compounds
• 1.2.1 Studies of English Compounds
• 1.2.2 Studies of Chinese Compounds
• 1.3 Summary
• Chapter Two Theoretical Foundation
• 2.1 Frame Semantics
• 2.1.1 Prototype and Perspective
• 2.1.2 Frame and Profile
• 2.1.3 Application of Frame Semantics
• 2.2 Conceptual Metaphor,Conceptual Metonymy and Conceptual Blending
• 2.2.1 Conceptual Metaphor
• 2.2.2 Conceptual Metonymy
• 2.2.3 Interaction between Metaphor and Metonymy
• 2.2.4 Conceptual Blending
• 2.3 Summary
• Chapter Three Structural Analysis of Non-basic Color Terms in Modern Chinese
• 3.1 Word Formation
• 3.2 Analysis of Two Formational Types in Non-basic Color Terms
• 3.2.1 Compound Color Terms
• 3.2.2 Derivative Color Terms
• 3.3 Summary
• Chapter Four Semantic Classification of Non-basic Terms in Modern Chinese
• 4.1 Range of Study
• 4.2 Classification Basis
• 4.3 Classification Presentation in Eight Color Categories
• 4.3.1 Data Result
• 4.3.2 Data Analysis
• 4.4 Summary
• Chapter Five Cognitive Interpretation of Non-basic Color Terms in Modern Chinese
• 5.1 Cognitive Basis of Generation and Meaning Construction of Non-basic Color Terms in Modern Chinese
• 5.1.1 Experiential Basis
• 5.1.2 Highlighting Elements Depending on COLOR concept Frame
• 5.2 Cognitive Mechanisms involved in Producing and Understanding Non-basic Color Terms in Modern Chinese
• 5.2.1 Conceptual Metaphor and Metonymy
• 5.2.2 Conceptual Blending
• 5.3 Cultural Implication
• 5.3.1 Arts and Crafts
• 5.3.2 Folkways and Customs
• 5.3.3 Thinking Modes
• 5.4 Summary
• Conclusion
• 6.1 Summary of the Research
• 6.2 New Ideas
• 6.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Research
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements