本文主要研究内容
作者孟玲（2019）在《超高压黑米饭贮藏中品质变化及回生特性研究》一文中研究指出：黑米自古以来就是米中珍品,也是一种全谷物,其果皮、种皮和胚芽含有许多重要的生理成分,并具有丰富的营养、保健特性。然而,由于黑米的表层纤维素排列紧密,在蒸煮过程中会阻碍水分的吸收及热量的传递,难以糊化,使得黑米不易蒸煮,食用口感和消化性差,作为主食难以被大多消费者接受。超高压是一种非热加工技术,能较好地保留食品的颜色、风味和营养,且有研究发现,超高压处理可改善米饭的品质。故本研究引入超高压技术改善黑米饭适口性,通过响应面分析法获得最优超高压黑米饭制作工艺,并研究了超高压对黑米饭贮藏期间营养成分、消化性、风味和回生性质的影响。主要结果总结如下:（1）通过对贮藏21天的超高压黑米饭进行感官评价及质构特性的测定,并进行相关性分析,结果表明,质构参数中的硬度及粘性能够作为超高压黑米饭的评价指标。利用响应面分析法获得米饭的最佳制备工艺条件为:压力413 MPa,水米比1.4:1,蒸煮时间16 min。（2）黑米饭在贮藏期间,亮度值L*逐渐降低,超高压处理组L*值稍高于对照组,但无明显差异,红度值a*和黄度值b*呈波动变化;在4℃下贮藏时,总酚、黄酮、花青素的含量和DPPH自由基清除力随着贮藏期的延长逐渐降低,400和500 MPa处理的样品中抗氧化物质含量高于其他样品,在37℃下贮藏的样品中抗氧化物质含量的总体变化趋势与4℃贮藏时类似,但下降幅度更大;超高压处理提高了黑米饭快消化淀粉和慢消化淀粉的含量,且随压力水平增加而显著增加,抗性淀粉的含量则有所降低;贮藏7天后,不同处理间在风味成分上无明显区别,只有含量上的差异,与对照组（0.1 MPa）相比,超高压处理组中的风味物质含量有所增加,可见超高压处理有利于提高米饭的风味。（3）超高压处理后,黑米饭的直链淀粉溶出量降低;黑米的糊化曲线显示,相比于对照组,超高压处理组的峰值粘度、谷粘度、最终粘度、崩解值和回生值有所下降,成糊温度、峰值时间和峰值温度无明显变化;黑米饭的硬度随贮藏时间延长而增大,粘性和弹性逐渐降低,超高压处理组升高或降低的趋势低于对照组;采用差示扫描量热仪分析黑米饭的热特性,结果表明,超高压处理组的回生焓和回生度明显低于对照组;黑米饭在贮藏期间的X-射线衍射图谱显示,淀粉晶型由A型转化为B+V型结构,且随着压力升高,结晶峰强度和相对结晶度显著降低,尤其是当压力达到500 MPa时;采用低场核磁共振仪测得贮藏7天后黑米饭的T2图谱,发现超高压处理使得水分分布发生变化,结合水与大分子结合得更加紧密,部分结合水转化为不易流动水和自由水。
Abstract
hei mi zi gu yi lai jiu shi mi zhong zhen pin ,ye shi yi chong quan gu wu ,ji guo pi 、chong pi he pei ya han you hu duo chong yao de sheng li cheng fen ,bing ju you feng fu de ying yang 、bao jian te xing 。ran er ,you yu hei mi de biao ceng qian wei su pai lie jin mi ,zai zheng zhu guo cheng zhong hui zu ai shui fen de xi shou ji re liang de chuan di ,nan yi hu hua ,shi de hei mi bu yi zheng zhu ,shi yong kou gan he xiao hua xing cha ,zuo wei zhu shi nan yi bei da duo xiao fei zhe jie shou 。chao gao ya shi yi chong fei re jia gong ji shu ,neng jiao hao de bao liu shi pin de yan se 、feng wei he ying yang ,ju you yan jiu fa xian ,chao gao ya chu li ke gai shan mi fan de pin zhi 。gu ben yan jiu yin ru chao gao ya ji shu gai shan hei mi fan kuo kou xing ,tong guo xiang ying mian fen xi fa huo de zui you chao gao ya hei mi fan zhi zuo gong yi ,bing yan jiu le chao gao ya dui hei mi fan zhu cang ji jian ying yang cheng fen 、xiao hua xing 、feng wei he hui sheng xing zhi de ying xiang 。zhu yao jie guo zong jie ru xia :（1）tong guo dui zhu cang 21tian de chao gao ya hei mi fan jin hang gan guan ping jia ji zhi gou te xing de ce ding ,bing jin hang xiang guan xing fen xi ,jie guo biao ming ,zhi gou can shu zhong de ying du ji nian xing neng gou zuo wei chao gao ya hei mi fan de ping jia zhi biao 。li yong xiang ying mian fen xi fa huo de mi fan de zui jia zhi bei gong yi tiao jian wei :ya li 413 MPa,shui mi bi 1.4:1,zheng zhu shi jian 16 min。（2）hei mi fan zai zhu cang ji jian ,liang du zhi L*zhu jian jiang di ,chao gao ya chu li zu L*zhi shao gao yu dui zhao zu ,dan mo ming xian cha yi ,gong du zhi a*he huang du zhi b*cheng bo dong bian hua ;zai 4℃xia zhu cang shi ,zong fen 、huang tong 、hua qing su de han liang he DPPHzi you ji qing chu li sui zhao zhu cang ji de yan chang zhu jian jiang di ,400he 500 MPachu li de yang pin zhong kang yang hua wu zhi han liang gao yu ji ta yang pin ,zai 37℃xia zhu cang de yang pin zhong kang yang hua wu zhi han liang de zong ti bian hua qu shi yu 4℃zhu cang shi lei shi ,dan xia jiang fu du geng da ;chao gao ya chu li di gao le hei mi fan kuai xiao hua dian fen he man xiao hua dian fen de han liang ,ju sui ya li shui ping zeng jia er xian zhe zeng jia ,kang xing dian fen de han liang ze you suo jiang di ;zhu cang 7tian hou ,bu tong chu li jian zai feng wei cheng fen shang mo ming xian ou bie ,zhi you han liang shang de cha yi ,yu dui zhao zu （0.1 MPa）xiang bi ,chao gao ya chu li zu zhong de feng wei wu zhi han liang you suo zeng jia ,ke jian chao gao ya chu li you li yu di gao mi fan de feng wei 。（3）chao gao ya chu li hou ,hei mi fan de zhi lian dian fen rong chu liang jiang di ;hei mi de hu hua qu xian xian shi ,xiang bi yu dui zhao zu ,chao gao ya chu li zu de feng zhi nian du 、gu nian du 、zui zhong nian du 、beng jie zhi he hui sheng zhi you suo xia jiang ,cheng hu wen du 、feng zhi shi jian he feng zhi wen du mo ming xian bian hua ;hei mi fan de ying du sui zhu cang shi jian yan chang er zeng da ,nian xing he dan xing zhu jian jiang di ,chao gao ya chu li zu sheng gao huo jiang di de qu shi di yu dui zhao zu ;cai yong cha shi sao miao liang re yi fen xi hei mi fan de re te xing ,jie guo biao ming ,chao gao ya chu li zu de hui sheng han he hui sheng du ming xian di yu dui zhao zu ;hei mi fan zai zhu cang ji jian de X-she xian yan she tu pu xian shi ,dian fen jing xing you Axing zhuai hua wei B+Vxing jie gou ,ju sui zhao ya li sheng gao ,jie jing feng jiang du he xiang dui jie jing du xian zhe jiang di ,you ji shi dang ya li da dao 500 MPashi ;cai yong di chang he ci gong zhen yi ce de zhu cang 7tian hou hei mi fan de T2tu pu ,fa xian chao gao ya chu li shi de shui fen fen bu fa sheng bian hua ,jie ge shui yu da fen zi jie ge de geng jia jin mi ,bu fen jie ge shui zhuai hua wei bu yi liu dong shui he zi you shui 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自合肥工业大学的孟玲，发表于刊物合肥工业大学2019-09-20论文，是一篇关于黑米论文,超高压论文,贮藏论文,抗氧化论文,回生论文,合肥工业大学2019-09-20论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自合肥工业大学2019-09-20论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。