分析尤金·奥尼尔的剧作《奇异的插曲》和《榆树下的欲望》中所体现的庄子的“无欲”思想

论文摘要

我的论文题目是:分析尤金·奥尼尔的剧作《奇异的插曲》和《榆树下的欲望》中所体现的庄子的“无欲”思想。撰写本论文的目的就在于说明奥尼尔的两部剧作《奇异的插曲》和《榆树下的欲望》中女主人公悲剧性的命运充分体现了庄子的“无欲”思想以及庄子“无欲”的思想有助于形成我们对于欲望正确的态度——“节制过度的欲望”,从而避免在现实生活中也发生由过度的欲望而引发的悲剧。根据我的研究,专家和学者们在研究庄子的道家思想对尤金·奥尼尔的影响方面已取得了丰硕的成果。对奥尼尔产生重要影响的道家思想有:老子的否定之否定规律,庄子的对立统一规律,以及老子的阴阳学说、无为理论。而本文另辟蹊径,研究庄子的“无欲”思想对奥尼尔的影响。根据对于《奇异的插曲》和《榆树下的欲望》两部戏剧的分析,我们得知两部剧中两位女主人公的悲惨命运归因于她们过度的欲望。然而倘若她们能节制欲望,便可以避免不幸的命运。这一点恰巧符合庄子的“无欲”思想。由此,我的研究表明:奥尼尔的两部剧作《奇异的插曲》和《榆树下的欲望》中女主人公悲剧性的命运充分体现了庄子的“无欲”思想以及庄子“无欲”的思想有助于形成我们对于欲望正确的态度——“节制过度的欲望。”最后,本论文的观点是:通过分析尤金·奥尼尔著名的悲剧《奇异的插曲》和《榆树下的欲望》中两位女主人公的悲剧命运,探寻出过度的欲望是导致她们悲剧的根源,从而说明两部作品所体现的庄子的“无欲”的道家思想,从积极方面看是合理的,对现实生活俱有积极的指导意义。庄子“无欲”的道家思想包括两部分:第一、庄子主张“无欲”可以使人与生俱来的本性完好无损,让人保持本真;第二、“无欲”可以使人们避开麻烦,脱离困境,免去灾祸,使人不会劳心伤神,身心疲惫。

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• 中文摘要
• Acknowledgements
• Chapter One INTRODUCTION
• Chapter Two AN OVERVIEW OF TAOISM AND ZHUANGZI'S TAOISM
• 2.1 An Overview of Taoism
• 2.1.1 Tao as ontological being
• 2.1.2 Tao as the dialectic law
• 2.1.3 The Taoist epistemology
• 2.1.4 Tao as a practical guide to worldly affairs
• 2.2 Zhuangzi's Taoist Thoughts
• 2.2.1 Zhuangzi the man:
• 2.2.2 Zhuangzi
• 2.2.3 Zhuangzi's thoughts
• 2.2.4 Zhuangzi's thought of "Wu Yu"（"being desireless"）
• 2.2.5 Suggestions with regards to how to take advantage of the positive part of Zhuangzi's thought of being desireless in directing our daily life
• Chapter Three AN INTRODUCTION OF EUGENE O'NEILL
• 3.1 Eugene O'Neill's Background Information
• 3.2 An Introduction of Strange Interlude and Desire under the Elms
• Chapter Four THE ANALYSIS OF ZHUANGZI'S THOUGHT OF BEING DESIRELESS REFLECTED IN EUGENE O'NEILL'S FAMOUS PLAY—STRANGE INTERLUDE
• 4.1 Nina's Seeking Fulfillment in Desperate Promiscuity
• 4.2 Nina's Committing Adultery with Ned Darrell
• 4.3 Nina's Expanding Desire
• 4.4 Sufferings Brought by Nina's Expanding Desire
• Chapter Five THE ANALYSIS OF ZHUANGZI'S VIEW OF BELING DESIRELESS REFLECTED IN EUGENE O'NEILL'S FAMOUS PLAY—DESIRE UNDER THE ELMS
• 5.1 Zhuangzi's View of Being Desireless and Eugene O'Neill's Desire under the Elms
• 5.2 The Analysis of Zhuangzi's View of Being Desireless Reflected in Eugene O'Neill's Famous Play—Desire under the Elms
• 5.2.1 Abbie's desire for wealth
• 5.2.2 Abbie's desire for true love
• Chapter Six CONCLUSION
• WORK CITED
• APPENDIX Ⅰ EXPLANATION OF SOME TERMS