本文主要研究内容
作者单银雪（2019）在《吡虫啉等杀虫剂对中华通草蛉急性毒性及亚致死效应研究》一文中研究指出：中华通草蛉（Chrysoperla sinica）为广泛分布于我国的重要捕食性天敌,具有捕食能力强、繁殖快、发生数量大、可人工饲养等优点,具有重要推广应用价值。当前我国对害虫的防治以喷雾为主,这对中华通草蛉等天敌昆虫产生了较大的负面影响。为了掌握农药对草蛉的急性毒性和亚致死效应,本研究测定了吡虫啉、茚虫威等八种农药对中华通草蛉幼虫的毒力,进行了八种杀虫剂对中华通草蛉幼虫的安全性评价,研究了茚虫威、甲维盐、吡虫啉、高效氯氟氰菊酯等四种杀虫剂对中华通草蛉的亚致死效应。主要研究结果如下。1.测定了吡虫啉等八种杀虫剂对中华通草蛉2龄幼虫的毒力,结果表明,毒死蜱对中华通草蛉幼虫毒力最高,LC50值为1.16 mg/L。高效氯氟氰菊酯对中华通草蛉幼虫毒力最低,LC50值为175.45 mg/L。吡虫啉等八种杀虫剂对中华通草蛉幼虫的毒力大小依次为:毒死蜱>噻虫嗪>甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐>茚虫威>高效氯氰菊酯>吡虫啉>呋虫胺>高效氯氟氰菊酯。2.计算得出八种杀虫剂对中华通草蛉的安全系数,结果表明,毒死蜱对中华通草蛉属于极高风险性农药;噻虫嗪处于高风险与极高风险性范围之间;高效氯氰菊酯、吡虫啉、茚虫威、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、呋虫胺属于中等风险性范围;高效氯氟氰菊酯相对安全系数最高处于低风险性范围。3.通过吡虫啉等四种杀虫剂对中华通草蛉幼虫的亚致死效应研究表明,在茚虫威LC25亚致死浓度下,草蛉F0代及F1代的蛹重、平均单雌产卵量、卵孵化率、幼虫成活率显著降低;F0代蛹期、幼虫二龄历期、幼虫历期显著延长,F0代草蛉幼虫成活率显著降低;其对中华通草蛉羽化率没有显著影响。在甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐LC25亚致死浓度下,F0代及F1代羽化率、幼虫成活率显著降低;F0代成虫成活率显著降低;F1代蛹期显著延长;草蛉成虫F0代平均单雌产卵量较对照组有所增加,但其卵的孵化率显著降低仅为57.78±8.39%,F1代平均单雌产卵量、卵孵化率显著降低;其对蛹重、幼虫历期没有显著影响。在吡虫啉LC25亚致死浓度下,F0、F1代草蛉的蛹重、成虫成活率、平均单雌产卵量、幼虫成活率显著降低;F0、F1代草蛉蛹期显著延长;对草蛉两代的羽化率没有显著影响,草蛉F0代卵孵化率显著降低;F1代草蛉幼虫发育历期显著延长。在高效氯氟氰菊酯LC25、LC5、LC1亚致死浓度下,草蛉蛹重、羽化率、成虫成活率显著降低,其中高效氯氟氰菊酯LC25浓度下成虫成活率仅为5.66%,草蛉蛹期显著延长,且随着浓度升高影响越显著。在LC1亚致死浓度下,草蛉平均单雌产卵量、卵孵化率、幼虫成活率显著降低,草蛉幼虫发育历期显著延长。综上,吡虫啉、茚虫威、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐LC25亚致死浓度下及高效氯氟氰菊酯LC25、LC5、LC1三种亚致死浓度下均对草蛉生长发育、繁殖力、种群数量均产生一定程度影响,其中以高效氯氟氰菊酯LC25亚致死浓度下影响最大。
Abstract
zhong hua tong cao ling （Chrysoperla sinica）wei an fan fen bu yu wo guo de chong yao bu shi xing tian di ,ju you bu shi neng li jiang 、fan shi kuai 、fa sheng shu liang da 、ke ren gong si yang deng you dian ,ju you chong yao tui an ying yong jia zhi 。dang qian wo guo dui hai chong de fang zhi yi pen wu wei zhu ,zhe dui zhong hua tong cao ling deng tian di kun chong chan sheng le jiao da de fu mian ying xiang 。wei le zhang wo nong yao dui cao ling de ji xing du xing he ya zhi si xiao ying ,ben yan jiu ce ding le bi chong lin 、yin chong wei deng ba chong nong yao dui zhong hua tong cao ling you chong de du li ,jin hang le ba chong sha chong ji dui zhong hua tong cao ling you chong de an quan xing ping jia ,yan jiu le yin chong wei 、jia wei yan 、bi chong lin 、gao xiao lv fu qing ju zhi deng si chong sha chong ji dui zhong hua tong cao ling de ya zhi si xiao ying 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia 。1.ce ding le bi chong lin deng ba chong sha chong ji dui zhong hua tong cao ling 2ling you chong de du li ,jie guo biao ming ,du si pi dui zhong hua tong cao ling you chong du li zui gao ,LC50zhi wei 1.16 mg/L。gao xiao lv fu qing ju zhi dui zhong hua tong cao ling you chong du li zui di ,LC50zhi wei 175.45 mg/L。bi chong lin deng ba chong sha chong ji dui zhong hua tong cao ling you chong de du li da xiao yi ci wei :du si pi >sai chong qin >jia an ji a wei jun su ben jia suan yan >yin chong wei >gao xiao lv qing ju zhi >bi chong lin >fu chong an >gao xiao lv fu qing ju zhi 。2.ji suan de chu ba chong sha chong ji dui zhong hua tong cao ling de an quan ji shu ,jie guo biao ming ,du si pi dui zhong hua tong cao ling shu yu ji gao feng xian xing nong yao ;sai chong qin chu yu gao feng xian yu ji gao feng xian xing fan wei zhi jian ;gao xiao lv qing ju zhi 、bi chong lin 、yin chong wei 、jia an ji a wei jun su ben jia suan yan 、fu chong an shu yu zhong deng feng xian xing fan wei ;gao xiao lv fu qing ju zhi xiang dui an quan ji shu zui gao chu yu di feng xian xing fan wei 。3.tong guo bi chong lin deng si chong sha chong ji dui zhong hua tong cao ling you chong de ya zhi si xiao ying yan jiu biao ming ,zai yin chong wei LC25ya zhi si nong du xia ,cao ling F0dai ji F1dai de yong chong 、ping jun chan ci chan luan liang 、luan fu hua lv 、you chong cheng huo lv xian zhe jiang di ;F0dai yong ji 、you chong er ling li ji 、you chong li ji xian zhe yan chang ,F0dai cao ling you chong cheng huo lv xian zhe jiang di ;ji dui zhong hua tong cao ling yu hua lv mei you xian zhe ying xiang 。zai jia an ji a wei jun su ben jia suan yan LC25ya zhi si nong du xia ,F0dai ji F1dai yu hua lv 、you chong cheng huo lv xian zhe jiang di ;F0dai cheng chong cheng huo lv xian zhe jiang di ;F1dai yong ji xian zhe yan chang ;cao ling cheng chong F0dai ping jun chan ci chan luan liang jiao dui zhao zu you suo zeng jia ,dan ji luan de fu hua lv xian zhe jiang di jin wei 57.78±8.39%,F1dai ping jun chan ci chan luan liang 、luan fu hua lv xian zhe jiang di ;ji dui yong chong 、you chong li ji mei you xian zhe ying xiang 。zai bi chong lin LC25ya zhi si nong du xia ,F0、F1dai cao ling de yong chong 、cheng chong cheng huo lv 、ping jun chan ci chan luan liang 、you chong cheng huo lv xian zhe jiang di ;F0、F1dai cao ling yong ji xian zhe yan chang ;dui cao ling liang dai de yu hua lv mei you xian zhe ying xiang ,cao ling F0dai luan fu hua lv xian zhe jiang di ;F1dai cao ling you chong fa yo li ji xian zhe yan chang 。zai gao xiao lv fu qing ju zhi LC25、LC5、LC1ya zhi si nong du xia ,cao ling yong chong 、yu hua lv 、cheng chong cheng huo lv xian zhe jiang di ,ji zhong gao xiao lv fu qing ju zhi LC25nong du xia cheng chong cheng huo lv jin wei 5.66%,cao ling yong ji xian zhe yan chang ,ju sui zhao nong du sheng gao ying xiang yue xian zhe 。zai LC1ya zhi si nong du xia ,cao ling ping jun chan ci chan luan liang 、luan fu hua lv 、you chong cheng huo lv xian zhe jiang di ,cao ling you chong fa yo li ji xian zhe yan chang 。zeng shang ,bi chong lin 、yin chong wei 、jia an ji a wei jun su ben jia suan yan LC25ya zhi si nong du xia ji gao xiao lv fu qing ju zhi LC25、LC5、LC1san chong ya zhi si nong du xia jun dui cao ling sheng chang fa yo 、fan shi li 、chong qun shu liang jun chan sheng yi ding cheng du ying xiang ,ji zhong yi gao xiao lv fu qing ju zhi LC25ya zhi si nong du xia ying xiang zui da 。
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论文作者分别是来自山东农业大学的单银雪，发表于刊物山东农业大学2019-07-08论文，是一篇关于中华通草蛉论文,毒力论文,安全性评价论文,亚致死效应论文,山东农业大学2019-07-08论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自山东农业大学2019-07-08论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：中华通草蛉论文; 毒力论文; 安全性评价论文; 亚致死效应论文; 山东农业大学2019-07-08论文;