任务型教学法和口译教学

任务型教学法和口译教学

论文摘要

本篇论文主要探讨研究任务型教学法在口译教学中的实施。任务型教学法(Task-based Language Teaching)是把语言应用的基本理念转化为具有实践意义的课堂教学模式,是以任务为基础的语言教学,通过让学生完成各种各样的任务来达到灵活熟练运用语言的目的。教师围绕特定的交际目的和语言项目,设计出具有明确目标和可操作性的任务化教学活动让学生参与。学生通过多种语言活动形式来完成任务,最终掌握所学知识。任务型教学法虽已出现二十余年,但在我国进行大规模的实践尚属开始。近年来,该教学法受到越来越多的英语教学工作者的关注,并逐渐应用在英语教学实践中。本文旨在通过对任务型教学法理论基础和具体步骤的分析,结合当今高校外语专业口译教学的现状,探索在任务型教学法的指导下如何更好地进行口译教学,提高教学效果,为我国高校的口译教学探索一些不同的思路。口译是一项复杂的交际行为,在教学过程中需要综合培养学生多方面的素质,口译教学应关注学生如何在动态口译教学过程中获取知识和提高能力。任务型教学法可以针对口译教学的特点和译员培训的要求设计任务和教学步骤,有的放矢地进行课堂教学,以取得理想的教学效果。2001年,国家教育部颁布了新的《英语课程标准》。《新标准》体现了全新的教育理念:改变原教学大纲以教为主的原则,树立学生为本的指导思想;提倡学生参与、体验、亲身实践、独立思考、合作探究,从而实现学习方式的转变。口译是一种特殊的口头交际手段,通过口头的形式,把一种语言表达的思想内容用另一种语言来再现。其任务是在不同语言、不同文化的交谈者之间发挥桥梁和纽带作用,使交谈双方感觉不到语言障碍而自由地进行思想交流。随着社会的日趋进步,口译职业愈显重要,口译教学的研究也亟需进一步探索。口译是一项艰苦而紧张的脑力劳动,对译员有着非常高的能力和素质要求。任务型教学法要求教师在教授口译的过程中以运用和完成任务为中心,学生在完成任务的过程中学习口译知识和技巧。应用任务型教学法进行口译教学是对提高口译教学效果的一次有益的尝试。本篇论文的研究目的是通过任务型教学法在口译课堂教学中的运用,实证调查该教学法如何提高口译课堂教学效果,以及任务型教学法对口译课堂教学的启示。作者根据任务型教学法的理论及特点,结合口译教学中的实践,对任务型教学法的可操作性和实施过程进行了探讨。论文所进行的研究以课堂教学实例为基础,在对学生进行问卷调查和面谈的基础上,收集相关数据和信息,了解学生完成任务的过程和收获,以及他们对任务型教学法的态度等情况。综合运用比较、分析、归纳和例证的方法,探究如何让学生从口译领域问题或任务出发,通过形式多样的活动,获得口译知识和技能,培养应用能力。本篇论文具体阐述如何在任务型教学法的指导下进行口译教学,通过具体的教学实例说明任务型教学法在口译课堂中的应用。包括五章:第一章是引言。第二章阐述任务型教学法的基本理论,说明任务型教学法的具体内容和实施步骤,主要介绍该研究的理论背景,并对任务型教学法中任务的定义、原则等进行了详细的叙述。第三章介绍说明口译教学的理论及现状,阐述口译教学的相关理论,分析了口译教学的重点及实施任务型教学法的必要性。第四章是任务型教学法在口译教学中的应用实例,作者采用课堂实录,对任务型教学法在口译课堂教学的全过程进行分析。在课例展示中,通过任务型教学法的三个阶段分析了任务的设计、实施及完成,然后对课堂教学的过程作了评估。第五章是结论部分。任务型教学法在口译课堂教学中有非常好的实践价值。完成任务的过程催化了学生自然的和有意义的语言应用,营造了一个有利于学生进行口译练习和技能内化的支持环境。它符合教学改革的实际,为学生提供了更多的实践机会,充分发挥学生的主动性和创造性,有利于培养学生的合作学习精神,有助于培养学生综合运用语言和分析、归纳、应用知识的能力。运用任务型教学法进行口译教学是对提高口译教学效果的一次有益的尝试。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • Abstract
  • Chapter One Introduction to the Thesis
  • 1.1 Aim of the Study
  • 1.2 Research Methods Used in the Thesis
  • 1.3 Significance and Limitation of the Study
  • 1.4 Outline of the Thesis
  • Chapter Two Introduction to Task-Based Language Teaching Approach
  • 2.1 Theoretical Ground of TBLT
  • 2.1.1 Definition of the Task
  • 2.1.2 Principles of TBLT
  • 2.1.2.1 Principles of the TBLT Approach
  • 2.1.2.2 Principles of Course Design with the TBLT Approach
  • 2.2 Procedures of TBLT
  • 2.2.1 Pre-task Phase
  • 2.2.2 During-task Phase
  • 2.2.3 Post-task Phase
  • 2.3 Communicative Approach and TBLT
  • 2.4 Teaching Interpretation in a Systematic Way
  • 2.5 Diversified Multi-media Teaching Materials
  • 2.6 Summary
  • Chapter Three An Overview of Interpretation Teaching
  • 3.1 A Review of Interpretation
  • 3.1.1 Orient and History of Interpretation
  • 3.1.2 Definition of Interpretation
  • 3.1.3 Characteristics of Interpretation
  • 3.1.3.1 Features of the Information Transformed
  • 3.1.3.2 Characteristics of Interpretation
  • 3.1.4 Process of Interpretation
  • 3.1.5 Criteria of Interpretation as the Basis for Teaching Interpretation
  • 3.2 The Interpreter’s Qualification as the Target for Teaching Interpretation
  • 3.2.1 Interpersonal Skills
  • 3.2.2 Language Proficiency
  • 3.2.3 Cross-cultural Awareness
  • 3.2.4 Wide-ranging Knowledge that Keeps Updating
  • 3.2.5 Good Memory and Quick Response
  • 3.2.6 A Strong Sense of Responsibility
  • 3.2.7 Relevant Qualities Needed
  • 3.3 Communicative Competence of the Interpreter as the Core for Teaching Interpretation
  • 3.3.1 Linguistic Competence
  • 3.3.1.1 Phonological Competence
  • 3.3.1.2 Grammatical Competence
  • 3.3.1.3 Lexical Competence
  • 3.3.2 Sociolinguistic Competence
  • 3.3.3 Discourse Competence
  • 3.3.4 Strategic Competence
  • 3.4 Role of the Interpreter in Communication
  • 3.5 Problems Existing in Current Interpretation Teaching as a Summary
  • Chapter Four A Trial of TBLT in Interpretation Class
  • 4.1 Research Design
  • 4.1.1 Subjects
  • 4.1.2 Instruments
  • 4.1.3 Procedure
  • 4.1.4 Data from the Questionnaire before the Teaching Treatment
  • 4.1.5 Information from the Interview
  • 4.2 A Sample Presentation with TBLT
  • 4.2.1 Teaching Plans
  • 4.2.1.1 Teaching Objectives
  • 4.2.1.2 Teaching Aids
  • 4.2.2 Basic Process of TBLT in Teaching Interpretation
  • 4.2.2.1 Leading-in /Warming-up Activities for Interest
  • 4.2.2.2 Task 1
  • 4.2.2.3 Task 2
  • 4.2.2.4 Task 3
  • 4.3 Assessment of the Sample as a Summary
  • Chapter Five Conclusion
  • References
  • Appendix 1
  • Appendix 2
  • Appendix 3
  • Acknowledgements
  • 个人简历
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