本文主要研究内容
作者牛良（2019）在《寿星桃抗蚜性鉴定及分子机制解析》一文中研究指出：桃（Prunus persica（L.）Batsch）是原产我国的世界性重要落叶果树,在我国的栽培历史长达3000年以上。桃绿蚜（Myzus persicae Sülzer）,即桃蚜,以桃树为越冬寄主,是春季为害桃树生长的最主要害虫之一,每年至少需要3次以上的针对性农药防控,增加了农资和劳动力等成本的同时,也增加了食品安全风险和生态危害。抗性品种的培育是防控相关病虫害最经济有效的途径,因此,抗性资源发掘与抗性机理研究是育种工作的基础。目前已鉴定的抗蚜桃种质资源有多份。法国农科院从资源圃中鉴定获得了Rubira、Weeping Flower Peach、P1908等抗性资源,并对抗性的遗传、基因定位等进行了大量研究。我国也从资源圃鉴定筛选出了寿星桃、山桃、碧桃等三类抗蚜资源,但其抗性机制尚不清楚。本研究以寿星桃及其抗蚜后代为材料,对其抗性的遗传等进行鉴定,利用多种分子标记结合进行基因定位,通过转录组分析对抗/感群体对蚜虫侵染后的分子响应进行了分析,主要研究结果如下:1.寿星桃对桃蚜的抗性为显性遗传,且受单基因控制寿星桃对桃蚜表现出明显的排趋性,人工接种蚜虫后1-3天后逐渐离开,在刺探部位出现水渍状斑点,后转深变红,红色斑点为抗性单株独有特征。杂种后代分离群体的抗/感蚜性出现明显分离,表现为明显的双峰分布,分离比例符合3:1（自交）或1:1（测交）的孟德尔遗传分离比率。桃树抗蚜表型在第6代杂交分离群体中表现稳定,没有发现明显的蚜虫毒力变化。群体连锁分析表明,桃抗蚜位点与矮生性没有连锁关系,但与果实白/黄肉色有明显的连锁。抗蚜性状与果皮茸毛有/无、果实非酸/酸等性状无连锁关系,抗/感蚜群体果实大小、果实可溶性固形物含量等无明显差异,为育种利用排除了障碍。2.将抗蚜基因Rm3定位于桃的第1染色体底端的160 Kb物理区间内,并发现一个抗病候选基因以01-77-3ב中油桃13号’（CN13）组合141株实生苗为定位群体,96-5-1×10-7组合116株实生苗为验证群体。基于桃参考基因序列,设计SNP引物,将目的基因初步定位于Pp0138011783与Pp0147231340之间,遗传距离约为9.22 Mb。结合亲本重测序数据,在初定位区间每200 Kb设计引物,采用高分辨率溶解曲线（HRM）和Sanger测序筛选SNP结合精细定位,将目标基因定位到桃1号染色体45.66 Mb至46.12 Mb之间。为更精确地定位目标基因,在定位区间开发InDel和SSR标记,最终将基因定位于45.676和45.837 Mb之间,物理距离160 Kb,介于Prupe.1G559300与Prupe.1G561200两基因之间。最终的精细定位区间共有21个基因,通过转录组分析发现,有12个基因表达,但表达量未发现明显变化。但在该区域发现一个抗病基因ppa00596m,通过设计引物,在抗蚜品种中克隆到一个新的NBS-LRR基因,且表达量在抗/感蚜品系间及受蚜侵害后存在明显差异,该基因可能为抗蚜调控的候选基因PpRm3。3.Rm3抗性受蚜虫侵染诱导,抗蚜响应涉及生物胁迫、活性氧家族、转录因子、PR蛋白,以及包括苯丙氨酸/黄酮类化合物在内的次生代谢产物合成相关基因为阐明桃树桃蚜抗性的分子机制,将蚜虫接种到来自同一分离群体的抗/感蚜株系新梢上,取蚜虫侵染前和侵染后3、6、9、12、24、48、72 h的抗/感蚜株系新梢样品,进行转录组测序分析,共鉴定到3854个差异表达基因。两种基因型材料对桃蚜侵染所表现出的转录水平基因表达模式变化是明显不同的,与感蚜材料相比,抗蚜材料中生物胁迫、活性氧家族、转录因子、PR蛋白,以及包括苯丙氨酸/黄酮类化合物在内的次生代谢产物相关基因的表达有着更加明显的上调,这些在抗/感基因型中差异表达的防御相关基因为解释Rm3类型抗蚜机理提供了基础数据。
Abstract
tao （Prunus persica（L.）Batsch）shi yuan chan wo guo de shi jie xing chong yao la xie guo shu ,zai wo guo de zai pei li shi chang da 3000nian yi shang 。tao lu ya （Myzus persicae Sülzer）,ji tao ya ,yi tao shu wei yue dong ji zhu ,shi chun ji wei hai tao shu sheng chang de zui zhu yao hai chong zhi yi ,mei nian zhi shao xu yao 3ci yi shang de zhen dui xing nong yao fang kong ,zeng jia le nong zi he lao dong li deng cheng ben de tong shi ,ye zeng jia le shi pin an quan feng xian he sheng tai wei hai 。kang xing pin chong de pei yo shi fang kong xiang guan bing chong hai zui jing ji you xiao de tu jing ,yin ci ,kang xing zi yuan fa jue yu kang xing ji li yan jiu shi yo chong gong zuo de ji chu 。mu qian yi jian ding de kang ya tao chong zhi zi yuan you duo fen 。fa guo nong ke yuan cong zi yuan pu zhong jian ding huo de le Rubira、Weeping Flower Peach、P1908deng kang xing zi yuan ,bing dui kang xing de wei chuan 、ji yin ding wei deng jin hang le da liang yan jiu 。wo guo ye cong zi yuan pu jian ding shai shua chu le shou xing tao 、shan tao 、bi tao deng san lei kang ya zi yuan ,dan ji kang xing ji zhi shang bu qing chu 。ben yan jiu yi shou xing tao ji ji kang ya hou dai wei cai liao ,dui ji kang xing de wei chuan deng jin hang jian ding ,li yong duo chong fen zi biao ji jie ge jin hang ji yin ding wei ,tong guo zhuai lu zu fen xi dui kang /gan qun ti dui ya chong qin ran hou de fen zi xiang ying jin hang le fen xi ,zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1.shou xing tao dui tao ya de kang xing wei xian xing wei chuan ,ju shou chan ji yin kong zhi shou xing tao dui tao ya biao xian chu ming xian de pai qu xing ,ren gong jie chong ya chong hou 1-3tian hou zhu jian li kai ,zai ci tan bu wei chu xian shui zi zhuang ban dian ,hou zhuai shen bian gong ,gong se ban dian wei kang xing chan zhu du you te zheng 。za chong hou dai fen li qun ti de kang /gan ya xing chu xian ming xian fen li ,biao xian wei ming xian de shuang feng fen bu ,fen li bi li fu ge 3:1（zi jiao ）huo 1:1（ce jiao ）de meng de er wei chuan fen li bi lv 。tao shu kang ya biao xing zai di 6dai za jiao fen li qun ti zhong biao xian wen ding ,mei you fa xian ming xian de ya chong du li bian hua 。qun ti lian suo fen xi biao ming ,tao kang ya wei dian yu ai sheng xing mei you lian suo guan ji ,dan yu guo shi bai /huang rou se you ming xian de lian suo 。kang ya xing zhuang yu guo pi rong mao you /mo 、guo shi fei suan /suan deng xing zhuang mo lian suo guan ji ,kang /gan ya qun ti guo shi da xiao 、guo shi ke rong xing gu xing wu han liang deng mo ming xian cha yi ,wei yo chong li yong pai chu le zhang ai 。2.jiang kang ya ji yin Rm3ding wei yu tao de di 1ran se ti de duan de 160 Kbwu li ou jian nei ,bing fa xian yi ge kang bing hou shua ji yin yi 01-77-3בzhong you tao 13hao ’（CN13）zu ge 141zhu shi sheng miao wei ding wei qun ti ,96-5-1×10-7zu ge 116zhu shi sheng miao wei yan zheng qun ti 。ji yu tao can kao ji yin xu lie ,she ji SNPyin wu ,jiang mu de ji yin chu bu ding wei yu Pp0138011783yu Pp0147231340zhi jian ,wei chuan ju li yao wei 9.22 Mb。jie ge qin ben chong ce xu shu ju ,zai chu ding wei ou jian mei 200 Kbshe ji yin wu ,cai yong gao fen bian lv rong jie qu xian （HRM）he Sangerce xu shai shua SNPjie ge jing xi ding wei ,jiang mu biao ji yin ding wei dao tao 1hao ran se ti 45.66 Mbzhi 46.12 Mbzhi jian 。wei geng jing que de ding wei mu biao ji yin ,zai ding wei ou jian kai fa InDelhe SSRbiao ji ,zui zhong jiang ji yin ding wei yu 45.676he 45.837 Mbzhi jian ,wu li ju li 160 Kb,jie yu Prupe.1G559300yu Prupe.1G561200liang ji yin zhi jian 。zui zhong de jing xi ding wei ou jian gong you 21ge ji yin ,tong guo zhuai lu zu fen xi fa xian ,you 12ge ji yin biao da ,dan biao da liang wei fa xian ming xian bian hua 。dan zai gai ou yu fa xian yi ge kang bing ji yin ppa00596m,tong guo she ji yin wu ,zai kang ya pin chong zhong ke long dao yi ge xin de NBS-LRRji yin ,ju biao da liang zai kang /gan ya pin ji jian ji shou ya qin hai hou cun zai ming xian cha yi ,gai ji yin ke neng wei kang ya diao kong de hou shua ji yin PpRm3。3.Rm3kang xing shou ya chong qin ran you dao ,kang ya xiang ying she ji sheng wu xie pai 、huo xing yang jia zu 、zhuai lu yin zi 、PRdan bai ,yi ji bao gua ben bing an suan /huang tong lei hua ge wu zai nei de ci sheng dai xie chan wu ge cheng xiang guan ji yin wei chan ming tao shu tao ya kang xing de fen zi ji zhi ,jiang ya chong jie chong dao lai zi tong yi fen li qun ti de kang /gan ya zhu ji xin sao shang ,qu ya chong qin ran qian he qin ran hou 3、6、9、12、24、48、72 hde kang /gan ya zhu ji xin sao yang pin ,jin hang zhuai lu zu ce xu fen xi ,gong jian ding dao 3854ge cha yi biao da ji yin 。liang chong ji yin xing cai liao dui tao ya qin ran suo biao xian chu de zhuai lu shui ping ji yin biao da mo shi bian hua shi ming xian bu tong de ,yu gan ya cai liao xiang bi ,kang ya cai liao zhong sheng wu xie pai 、huo xing yang jia zu 、zhuai lu yin zi 、PRdan bai ,yi ji bao gua ben bing an suan /huang tong lei hua ge wu zai nei de ci sheng dai xie chan wu xiang guan ji yin de biao da you zhao geng jia ming xian de shang diao ,zhe xie zai kang /gan ji yin xing zhong cha yi biao da de fang yu xiang guan ji yin wei jie shi Rm3lei xing kang ya ji li di gong le ji chu shu ju 。
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论文作者分别是来自华中农业大学的牛良，发表于刊物华中农业大学2019-07-15论文，是一篇关于桃蚜论文,抗性论文,基因定位论文,分子机制论文,华中农业大学2019-07-15论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自华中农业大学2019-07-15论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：桃蚜论文; 抗性论文; 基因定位论文; 分子机制论文; 华中农业大学2019-07-15论文;