合作原则视角下《傲慢与偏见》中女主人公伊丽莎白的性格解读

论文摘要

关于简·奥斯丁的经典小说《傲慢与偏见》的研究与评论不胜枚举。本文尝试从语用学合作原则的角度,详细剖析《傲慢与偏见》中女主人公伊丽莎白话语的会话含义(言外之意),在这一过程中,伊丽莎白的性格清晰地呈现在了读者面前。本文首先回顾了国内外关于格赖斯合作原则的研究,尤其是合作原则应用于文学领域的研究,以及现当代国内语用学界对《傲慢与偏见》中对话的研究,发掘出运用合作原则分析《傲慢与偏见》中女主人公伊丽莎白对话的可行性和必要性。本文的理论支撑是格赖斯的合作原则,布朗和莱文森的间接礼貌策略。根据格赖斯合作原则的四个准则,布朗和莱文森把间接礼貌策略归为四类。本文采用了定性的个案研究方法。本文作者从《傲慢与偏见》中精选了大量典型的伊丽莎白使用间接表达的话语,又从十五种间接礼貌策略中选取了八种,根据对话具体使用了哪种策略而把这些对话分成八类,然后运用合作原则对这些对话及其会话含义进行详细分析。分析主要包括这几方面：(一)介绍了说这句话的背景；(二)使用了间接礼貌策略中的哪种策略；(三)违背了合作原则的哪一准则,怎样违背的;(四)表达了怎样的会话含义；(五)揭示了哪种性格,怎样揭示的。根据揭示出的三种性格特征,文章的主体部分被划分为三章。通过分析选取的这些对话,一方面发现伊丽莎白更倾向于违背合作原则的质量准则、相关准则和方式准则,很少违背数量准则；另一方面揭示出了伊丽莎白的三种性格特征：有幽默感、有主见、傲慢；同时也证实了合作原则是深入剖析文学作品的有效工具,有助于我们深刻理解作品中的人物性格,人物关系及主题,为欣赏经典作品提供了一个新的视角。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Research Background
• 1.2 Literature Review
• 1.2.1 Previous Studies on Cooperative Principle
• 1.2.2 Previous Studies on Pride and Prejudice
• 1.3 Purpose and Significance of the Thesis
• 1.4 Research Methodology
• 1.5 Thesis Organization
• Chapter Two Theoretical Framework
• 2.1 Grice's Cooperative Principle
• 2.1.1 The Four Maxims
• 2.1.2 Violation of the Maxims
• 2.1.3 The Conversational Implicature
• 2.2 The Off-record Politeness Strategies
• Chapter Three Elizabeth's Sense of Humor Realized by the Violation of the Cooperative Principle
• 3.1 Violation of the Quality Maxim
• 3.1.1 By the Use of Irony
• 3.1.2 By the Use of Metaphor
• 3.1.3 By the Use of Rhetorical Question
• 3.2 Violation of the Relation Maxim
• 3.2.1 By the Use of Giving Association Clues
• 3.2.2 By the Use of Giving Hints
• 3.3 Summary
• Chapter Four Elizabeth's Independent Judgment Realized by the Violation of the Cooperative Principle
• 4.1 Violation of the Quality Maxim
• 4.1.1 By the Use of Irony
• 4.1.2 By the Use of Rhetorical Question
• 4.1.3 By the Use of Hyperbole
• 4.2 Violation of the Relation Maxim
• 4.2.1 By the Use of Giving Hints
• 4.2.2 By the Use of Giving Association Clues
• 4.3 Violation of the Manner Maxim
• 4.3.1 By the Use of Being Vague or Ambiguous
• 4.3.2 By the Use of Displacing Hearer
• 4.4 Summary
• Chapter Five Elizabeth's Pride Realized by the Violation of the Cooperative Principle
• 5.1 Violation of the Quality Maxim
• 5.1.1 By the Use of Irony
• 5.1.2 By the Use of Metaphor
• 5.1.3 By the Use of Hyperbole
• 5.2 Violation of the Relation Maxim
• 5.2.1 By the Use of Giving Association Clues
• 5.2.2 By the Use of Giving Hints
• 5.3 Violation of the Manner Maxim
• 5.3.1 By the Use of Displacing Hearer
• 5.3.2 By the Use of Being Vague or Ambiguous
• 5.4 Summary
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• 6.1 Major Findings of the Study
• 6.2 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research
• Acknowledgements
• Bibliography
• Articles Published