刻意间接言语现象的元语用研究

论文摘要

本文从说话人的角度研究刻意间接言语现象的过程。按照元语用理论的观点,语言的使用是在说话人的自我意识的参与下完成的,即说话人对言语过程中的言语行为有不同程度的自我意识。这种意识体现为说话人对言语目的和手段的认识。根据这个理论框架,该研究着重揭示说话人在元语用意识的指导下进行刻意间接言语活动时所采取的语言策略和手段。为了保证交际目的的实现,说话人需要使对方识别言语的间接形式并且理解言语的隐含意义。说话人所具有的双重交际角色使其能够以听话人的理解情况为根据有意识地进行语言选择,采取一系列相应的策略。该研究主要分析了与间接言语的识别和隐含意义的理解相关的机制与策略。为了使听话人识别间接言语,说话人可以采取提供虚假信息、零信息、不寻常表达方式和设定言语活动类型的策略。另一方面,说话人通过言语引导对方调动理解所需要的语境,从而达到对隐含意义的理解。该机制具体体现为对语言的语音,形式和意义三方面特征的利用和操控。整个刻意间接言语过程均体现出说话人对言语的目的和手段有着较高的元语用意识,具有明显的目的性和策略性特征。总之,本文可以被看作是从新的理论角度研究旧课题的一种尝试,希望对间接言语现象的描写和解释起到促进作用。

论文目录

• Declaration
• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Contents
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 The Rationale and Significance of This Study
• 1.2 The Research Questions
• 1.3 The Organization of This Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Descriptive Work on Indirectness
• 2.2.1 Indirectness from Dichotomy of Meaning
• 2.2.2 Indirectness from Dichotomy of Speech Acts
• 2.2.3 Indirectness from Trichotomy of Meaning
• 2.3 Explanatory Work on Indirectness
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter Three Metapragmatics as Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Metapragmatics
• 3.3 Caffi's Three Senses of Metapragmatics
• 3.3.1 Metatheoretic View
• 3.3.2 Metagrammatic View
• 3.3.3 Reflexive view
• 3.4 Verschuenren's Metapragmatic Awareness
• 3.5 Metapragmatic Awareness Trace
• 3.6 Summary
• Chapter Four Metapragmatics in Indirect Language Use
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Strategical Implicature
• 4.3 Necessity of Metapragmatic Awareness: Communicative Failure
• 4.3.1 Failure in Indirectness Recognition
• 4.3.2 Failure in Implicature Understanding
• 4.4 Possibility of Metapragmatic Awareness: Double Communicative Role
• 4.5 Summary
• Chapter Five Linguistic Strategies in Indirect Language Use
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Strategies for Indirectness Recognition
• 5.2.1 False Expressing
• 5.2.2 Uninfomative Expressing
• 5.2.3 Expressing in Unusual Manner
• 5.2.4 Setting Language Activity
• 5.2.5 Generalization
• 5.3 Utterance Designing for Implicature Understanding
• 5.3.1 Basis for Utterance Designing
• 5.3.2 Mechanism of Indirectness Generation
• 5.3.3 Linguistic Strategies for Indirectness Generation
• 5.3.3.1 Phonetic Strategy
• 5.3.3.2 Formal Strategy
• 5.3.3.3 Semantic Strategy
• 5.3.3.4 Generalization
• 5.4 Summary
• Chapter Six Conclusion and Implication
• 6.1 Conclusion
• 6.2 Implication
• Bibliography