本文主要研究内容
作者杨亮（2019）在《苦瓜片热风与红外干燥特性及品质评价》一文中研究指出：苦瓜是葫芦科苦瓜属植物,既是经济价值高的农作物,也是药用价值出色的中药材,富含蛋白质、维生素、胡萝卜素等营养物质,还具有皂苷等活性物质。苦瓜主要分布在热带、亚热带、温带地区,在我国种植历史悠久,有着较大的种植面积和较高的产量。我国对农产品加工业一直非常重视,目前农产品加工领域,重点支持苦瓜等果蔬中营养功能成分的提取研究,开发药食同源、养生保健的加工食品。苦瓜产业发展前景广阔但起步较晚,苦瓜精深加工工艺研究较少。新鲜收获的苦瓜湿基含水率高达95%,在贮藏及运输过程中极易受到环境温湿度和其他因素的影响,发生腐坏变质,造成营养成分和活性物质严重流失,降低经济效益。所以苦瓜除鲜食外,一部分要在短期内得到干燥处理。传统的日晒干燥方式已经不能满足大规模的生产,需要机械化的干燥方式来投入生产。热风干燥是应用最广的干燥方法,红外干燥是一种比较新型、高效、清洁的干燥方法。本文研究了苦瓜片的热风与红外干燥特性,研究了苦瓜片在不同干燥条件下的有效水分扩散系数的变化规律,得到苦瓜片热风干燥和红外干燥的活化能。基于正交试验,以有效水分扩散系数、Vc保留率、总色差和总皂苷质量分数为评价指标,得到苦瓜片热风干燥和红外干燥的最优工艺,并简要对比苦瓜片热风干燥与红外干燥后的品质。同时,对苦瓜干燥基础理论进行深入研究,建立了苦瓜片热风与红外干燥的数学模型,并且基于人工神经网络建立苦瓜片热风干燥和红外干燥的水分比模型,实现了对苦瓜干燥过程中水分比的预测。主要研究结论如下:(1)苦瓜片热风干燥过程处于降速干燥阶段,没有明显的恒速干燥阶段,不同热风干燥条件下,苦瓜片有效水分扩散系数均随着干基含水率的降低先增大后降低。切片厚度是影响有效扩散系数的最主要因素,其次是热风温度和热风风速。Page模型是描述苦瓜片热风干燥特性的最佳数学模型。热风温度、切片厚度和热风风速对苦瓜片综合品质均有显著影响,影响的主次顺序为热风温度>热风风速>切片厚度,各因素置信度分别为99.6%、98.1%和96.5%,苦瓜片热风干燥最优工艺组合为热风温度55oC、切片厚度9mm、热风风速1.2m/s。热风风速0.9m/s、切片厚度为3mm、6mm和9mm对应的苦瓜片热风干燥活化能为22.651 kJ/mol、26.850 kJ/mol和29.964 kJ/mol。(2)苦瓜片红外干燥过程基本处于降速干燥阶段,没有明显的恒速干燥阶段,不同红外干燥条件下,苦瓜片有效水分扩散系数均随着干基含水率的降低先增大后降低。Modified Page模型最适宜描述苦瓜片红外干燥特性,对苦瓜片红外干燥具有较强的适用性。苦瓜片红外干燥中温度、切片厚度、辐射距离对苦瓜片综合品质均有显著影响,影响的主次顺序为温度>切片厚度>辐射距离,各因素置信度分别为99.2%、98.9%、98.8%,苦瓜片红外干燥最优工艺组合为温度55oC、辐射距离145mm、切片厚度3mm。辐射距离145mm,切片厚度为3mm、6mm和9mm对应的苦瓜片红外干燥活化能为39.421kJ/mol、38.244 kJ/mol和39.375 kJ/mol。(3)苦瓜片红外干燥后的总色差明显小于热风干燥后样品的总色差,苦瓜红外干燥后色泽更好;苦瓜片红外干燥后总皂苷等含量与热风干燥后样品较接近。苦瓜红外干燥后综合品质满足生产要求,苦瓜红外干燥方式的生产具有推广意义。(4)基于BP神经网络,建立了苦瓜片热风干燥和苦瓜片红外干燥的水分比预测模型。BP神经网络水分比模型能有效预测苦瓜片热风干燥和红外干燥过程中的水分比变化情况,具有良好的泛化能力。热风温度55oC,风速0.9m/s,切片厚度7mm的试验条件下,Page模型预测值与试验值间的决定系数为0.9448,平均相对误差为23.47%;而BP神经网络的预测值与试验值间的决定系数为0.9975,平均相对误差为7.73%,低于Page模型预测的平均相对误差。在温度55oC,辐射距离145mm,切片厚度7mm的试验条件下,Modified Page模型预测值与试验值间的决定系数为0.9746,平均相对误差为15.46%;而BP网络预测的决定系数为0.9988,平均相对误差为3.73%。苦瓜片热风干燥和红外干燥中,BP神经网络模型预测水分比的相关度高于传统数学模型,并且神经网络模型水分比预测的相对误差低于传统数学模型。基于BP神经网络的水分比模型在预测苦瓜片干燥过程中的水分变化更具优势。
Abstract
ku gua shi hu lu ke ku gua shu zhi wu ,ji shi jing ji jia zhi gao de nong zuo wu ,ye shi yao yong jia zhi chu se de zhong yao cai ,fu han dan bai zhi 、wei sheng su 、hu luo bo su deng ying yang wu zhi ,hai ju you zao gan deng huo xing wu zhi 。ku gua zhu yao fen bu zai re dai 、ya re dai 、wen dai de ou ,zai wo guo chong zhi li shi you jiu ,you zhao jiao da de chong zhi mian ji he jiao gao de chan liang 。wo guo dui nong chan pin jia gong ye yi zhi fei chang chong shi ,mu qian nong chan pin jia gong ling yu ,chong dian zhi chi ku gua deng guo shu zhong ying yang gong neng cheng fen de di qu yan jiu ,kai fa yao shi tong yuan 、yang sheng bao jian de jia gong shi pin 。ku gua chan ye fa zhan qian jing an kuo dan qi bu jiao wan ,ku gua jing shen jia gong gong yi yan jiu jiao shao 。xin xian shou huo de ku gua shi ji han shui lv gao da 95%,zai zhu cang ji yun shu guo cheng zhong ji yi shou dao huan jing wen shi du he ji ta yin su de ying xiang ,fa sheng fu huai bian zhi ,zao cheng ying yang cheng fen he huo xing wu zhi yan chong liu shi ,jiang di jing ji xiao yi 。suo yi ku gua chu xian shi wai ,yi bu fen yao zai duan ji nei de dao gan zao chu li 。chuan tong de ri shai gan zao fang shi yi jing bu neng man zu da gui mo de sheng chan ,xu yao ji xie hua de gan zao fang shi lai tou ru sheng chan 。re feng gan zao shi ying yong zui an de gan zao fang fa ,gong wai gan zao shi yi chong bi jiao xin xing 、gao xiao 、qing jie de gan zao fang fa 。ben wen yan jiu le ku gua pian de re feng yu gong wai gan zao te xing ,yan jiu le ku gua pian zai bu tong gan zao tiao jian xia de you xiao shui fen kuo san ji shu de bian hua gui lv ,de dao ku gua pian re feng gan zao he gong wai gan zao de huo hua neng 。ji yu zheng jiao shi yan ,yi you xiao shui fen kuo san ji shu 、Vcbao liu lv 、zong se cha he zong zao gan zhi liang fen shu wei ping jia zhi biao ,de dao ku gua pian re feng gan zao he gong wai gan zao de zui you gong yi ,bing jian yao dui bi ku gua pian re feng gan zao yu gong wai gan zao hou de pin zhi 。tong shi ,dui ku gua gan zao ji chu li lun jin hang shen ru yan jiu ,jian li le ku gua pian re feng yu gong wai gan zao de shu xue mo xing ,bing ju ji yu ren gong shen jing wang lao jian li ku gua pian re feng gan zao he gong wai gan zao de shui fen bi mo xing ,shi xian le dui ku gua gan zao guo cheng zhong shui fen bi de yu ce 。zhu yao yan jiu jie lun ru xia :(1)ku gua pian re feng gan zao guo cheng chu yu jiang su gan zao jie duan ,mei you ming xian de heng su gan zao jie duan ,bu tong re feng gan zao tiao jian xia ,ku gua pian you xiao shui fen kuo san ji shu jun sui zhao gan ji han shui lv de jiang di xian zeng da hou jiang di 。qie pian hou du shi ying xiang you xiao kuo san ji shu de zui zhu yao yin su ,ji ci shi re feng wen du he re feng feng su 。Pagemo xing shi miao shu ku gua pian re feng gan zao te xing de zui jia shu xue mo xing 。re feng wen du 、qie pian hou du he re feng feng su dui ku gua pian zeng ge pin zhi jun you xian zhe ying xiang ,ying xiang de zhu ci shun xu wei re feng wen du >re feng feng su >qie pian hou du ,ge yin su zhi xin du fen bie wei 99.6%、98.1%he 96.5%,ku gua pian re feng gan zao zui you gong yi zu ge wei re feng wen du 55oC、qie pian hou du 9mm、re feng feng su 1.2m/s。re feng feng su 0.9m/s、qie pian hou du wei 3mm、6mmhe 9mmdui ying de ku gua pian re feng gan zao huo hua neng wei 22.651 kJ/mol、26.850 kJ/molhe 29.964 kJ/mol。(2)ku gua pian gong wai gan zao guo cheng ji ben chu yu jiang su gan zao jie duan ,mei you ming xian de heng su gan zao jie duan ,bu tong gong wai gan zao tiao jian xia ,ku gua pian you xiao shui fen kuo san ji shu jun sui zhao gan ji han shui lv de jiang di xian zeng da hou jiang di 。Modified Pagemo xing zui kuo yi miao shu ku gua pian gong wai gan zao te xing ,dui ku gua pian gong wai gan zao ju you jiao jiang de kuo yong xing 。ku gua pian gong wai gan zao zhong wen du 、qie pian hou du 、fu she ju li dui ku gua pian zeng ge pin zhi jun you xian zhe ying xiang ,ying xiang de zhu ci shun xu wei wen du >qie pian hou du >fu she ju li ,ge yin su zhi xin du fen bie wei 99.2%、98.9%、98.8%,ku gua pian gong wai gan zao zui you gong yi zu ge wei wen du 55oC、fu she ju li 145mm、qie pian hou du 3mm。fu she ju li 145mm,qie pian hou du wei 3mm、6mmhe 9mmdui ying de ku gua pian gong wai gan zao huo hua neng wei 39.421kJ/mol、38.244 kJ/molhe 39.375 kJ/mol。(3)ku gua pian gong wai gan zao hou de zong se cha ming xian xiao yu re feng gan zao hou yang pin de zong se cha ,ku gua gong wai gan zao hou se ze geng hao ;ku gua pian gong wai gan zao hou zong zao gan deng han liang yu re feng gan zao hou yang pin jiao jie jin 。ku gua gong wai gan zao hou zeng ge pin zhi man zu sheng chan yao qiu ,ku gua gong wai gan zao fang shi de sheng chan ju you tui an yi yi 。(4)ji yu BPshen jing wang lao ,jian li le ku gua pian re feng gan zao he ku gua pian gong wai gan zao de shui fen bi yu ce mo xing 。BPshen jing wang lao shui fen bi mo xing neng you xiao yu ce ku gua pian re feng gan zao he gong wai gan zao guo cheng zhong de shui fen bi bian hua qing kuang ,ju you liang hao de fan hua neng li 。re feng wen du 55oC,feng su 0.9m/s,qie pian hou du 7mmde shi yan tiao jian xia ,Pagemo xing yu ce zhi yu shi yan zhi jian de jue ding ji shu wei 0.9448,ping jun xiang dui wu cha wei 23.47%;er BPshen jing wang lao de yu ce zhi yu shi yan zhi jian de jue ding ji shu wei 0.9975,ping jun xiang dui wu cha wei 7.73%,di yu Pagemo xing yu ce de ping jun xiang dui wu cha 。zai wen du 55oC,fu she ju li 145mm,qie pian hou du 7mmde shi yan tiao jian xia ,Modified Pagemo xing yu ce zhi yu shi yan zhi jian de jue ding ji shu wei 0.9746,ping jun xiang dui wu cha wei 15.46%;er BPwang lao yu ce de jue ding ji shu wei 0.9988,ping jun xiang dui wu cha wei 3.73%。ku gua pian re feng gan zao he gong wai gan zao zhong ,BPshen jing wang lao mo xing yu ce shui fen bi de xiang guan du gao yu chuan tong shu xue mo xing ,bing ju shen jing wang lao mo xing shui fen bi yu ce de xiang dui wu cha di yu chuan tong shu xue mo xing 。ji yu BPshen jing wang lao de shui fen bi mo xing zai yu ce ku gua pian gan zao guo cheng zhong de shui fen bian hua geng ju you shi 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自西南大学的杨亮，发表于刊物西南大学2019-09-24论文，是一篇关于苦瓜片论文,热风干燥论文,红外干燥论文,品质评价论文,数学模型论文,西南大学2019-09-24论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自西南大学2019-09-24论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。