本文主要研究内容
作者买金梅（2019）在《刺叶彩花异型花柱及其附属多态性的研究》一文中研究指出：异型花柱(heterostyly)是由遗传控制的花柱多态性现象,包括二型花柱(distyly)和三型花柱(tristyly)。据报道,异型花柱至少在被子植物的28科中存在,且有关异型花柱报道和研究超过了一个多世纪。前期对刺叶彩花的居群结构调查显示该植物具有二型花柱的部分特征,但是又不同于典型的二型花柱和三型花柱。该植物有着怎样的异型花柱类型及附属多态性是一个值得探究的问题。为此,该文以刺叶彩花为研究对象,对其居群结构、花部特征参数、柱头和花粉形态及附属多态性,花粉传递效率以及异型不亲和系统进行了研究,并对居群间的花型频率和结实状况进行了比较。主要研究结果如下:1.不同分布区的刺叶彩花物候期有差异,其中,BC居群的刺叶彩花5月初进入花期,持续20多天;当天开放的单花不闭合,持续开放2 d。所调查的3个居群花型构成相同,均为长花柱L型、短花柱S型、雌雄蕊处于同一高度的H型和一些不典型的雌蕊偏长或偏短的PL、PS型花组成。刺叶彩花中花粉柱头型态具有二型性,短花柱S型、PS、H_S型花的柱头表面细胞为乳凸状,花药的花粉外壁纹饰呈细网纹,网孔直径小而密;而长花柱L花型、PL和H_L花型的柱头表面细胞为玉米粒状,花药的花粉外壁呈粗网纹,网孔直径大。2.BC、WS、TC居群中各花型频率偏离等比,在这些居群中短花柱S型个体所占比例分别是长花柱L型个体的1.78、2.03、1.29倍,均表现出短花柱S较多且分化程度较低的特点,分化出较少的PS、H_S个体,而长花柱L型个体分化程度高,分化出较多的PL、H_L个体。按柱头及花粉形态对3个居群的花型进行归类发现:3个居群中均表现出柱头表面细胞具乳凸态的花型所占的株数与柱头表面细胞具玉米粒状的花型所占的株数具1:1的花型比。3对三种主要的花型进行花部特征参数的测定发现长花柱L型、短花柱S型和H型花在花冠开口直径、花冠筒长、花冠筒直径、胚珠数等参数上没有显著差异。长花柱L型花和短花柱S型花雌雄蕊高度具交互性对应关系,并表现出高位性器官的交互性程度(R_H=0.01)高于低位性器官的交互性程度(R_L=0.03);而雌雄蕊等高的H型花的雌雄蕊高度介于长、短花柱雌雄蕊高度之间。4.自然状态下,短花柱S型柱头上的总花粉数显著小于长花柱L型和雌雄蕊等高的H型花,但各花型柱头上异型花粉数没有显著性差异。对BC居群的长花柱L型和短花柱S型个体进行柱头花粉的黏附性实验发现短花柱S型花柱头对异型花粉的黏附力大于对同型花粉的粘附力(t=3.99,P<0.01);而长花柱L型花柱头黏附两种花粉的能力没有差异(t=-0.18,P>0.05)。推测不同花型柱头黏附不同类型花粉的差异性可能与花粉纹饰与柱头乳突细胞间的相互识别有关。5.刺叶彩花的传粉者主要分为两类即有长吻和短吻昆虫,这些昆虫在三种花型间没有访花偏好(F=0.345,P>0.05),访花频率分别为0.21±0.06次/单花/h、0.17±0.08次/单花/h、0.10±0.05次/单花/h。6.人工辅助自花授粉实验结果表明长花柱L型花和短花柱S型花以及雌雄蕊等高的H型花结实率分别为0、3.45%、14.29%。不同居群的平均自然结实率具有显著差异,其中,TC居群为77.11%,WS居群为64.95%;各居群不同花型间的自然结实率没有差异。7.综上所述,刺叶彩花的花柱多态现象可能是二型花柱演变过程中的一个中间状态,雌雄蕊等高的H型花以及雌雄蕊偏长或偏短的花型可能是控制长、短花柱的基因突变所致。在缺乏交互性对应关系的花型间,花粉-柱头形态的附属多性具有促进非选型花粉传递的功能。
Abstract
yi xing hua zhu (heterostyly)shi you wei chuan kong zhi de hua zhu duo tai xing xian xiang ,bao gua er xing hua zhu (distyly)he san xing hua zhu (tristyly)。ju bao dao ,yi xing hua zhu zhi shao zai bei zi zhi wu de 28ke zhong cun zai ,ju you guan yi xing hua zhu bao dao he yan jiu chao guo le yi ge duo shi ji 。qian ji dui ci xie cai hua de ju qun jie gou diao cha xian shi gai zhi wu ju you er xing hua zhu de bu fen te zheng ,dan shi you bu tong yu dian xing de er xing hua zhu he san xing hua zhu 。gai zhi wu you zhao zen yang de yi xing hua zhu lei xing ji fu shu duo tai xing shi yi ge zhi de tan jiu de wen ti 。wei ci ,gai wen yi ci xie cai hua wei yan jiu dui xiang ,dui ji ju qun jie gou 、hua bu te zheng can shu 、zhu tou he hua fen xing tai ji fu shu duo tai xing ,hua fen chuan di xiao lv yi ji yi xing bu qin he ji tong jin hang le yan jiu ,bing dui ju qun jian de hua xing pin lv he jie shi zhuang kuang jin hang le bi jiao 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1.bu tong fen bu ou de ci xie cai hua wu hou ji you cha yi ,ji zhong ,BCju qun de ci xie cai hua 5yue chu jin ru hua ji ,chi xu 20duo tian ;dang tian kai fang de chan hua bu bi ge ,chi xu kai fang 2 d。suo diao cha de 3ge ju qun hua xing gou cheng xiang tong ,jun wei chang hua zhu Lxing 、duan hua zhu Sxing 、ci xiong rui chu yu tong yi gao du de Hxing he yi xie bu dian xing de ci rui pian chang huo pian duan de PL、PSxing hua zu cheng 。ci xie cai hua zhong hua fen zhu tou xing tai ju you er xing xing ,duan hua zhu Sxing 、PS、H_Sxing hua de zhu tou biao mian xi bao wei ru tu zhuang ,hua yao de hua fen wai bi wen shi cheng xi wang wen ,wang kong zhi jing xiao er mi ;er chang hua zhu Lhua xing 、PLhe H_Lhua xing de zhu tou biao mian xi bao wei yu mi li zhuang ,hua yao de hua fen wai bi cheng cu wang wen ,wang kong zhi jing da 。2.BC、WS、TCju qun zhong ge hua xing pin lv pian li deng bi ,zai zhe xie ju qun zhong duan hua zhu Sxing ge ti suo zhan bi li fen bie shi chang hua zhu Lxing ge ti de 1.78、2.03、1.29bei ,jun biao xian chu duan hua zhu Sjiao duo ju fen hua cheng du jiao di de te dian ,fen hua chu jiao shao de PS、H_Sge ti ,er chang hua zhu Lxing ge ti fen hua cheng du gao ,fen hua chu jiao duo de PL、H_Lge ti 。an zhu tou ji hua fen xing tai dui 3ge ju qun de hua xing jin hang gui lei fa xian :3ge ju qun zhong jun biao xian chu zhu tou biao mian xi bao ju ru tu tai de hua xing suo zhan de zhu shu yu zhu tou biao mian xi bao ju yu mi li zhuang de hua xing suo zhan de zhu shu ju 1:1de hua xing bi 。3dui san chong zhu yao de hua xing jin hang hua bu te zheng can shu de ce ding fa xian chang hua zhu Lxing 、duan hua zhu Sxing he Hxing hua zai hua guan kai kou zhi jing 、hua guan tong chang 、hua guan tong zhi jing 、pei zhu shu deng can shu shang mei you xian zhe cha yi 。chang hua zhu Lxing hua he duan hua zhu Sxing hua ci xiong rui gao du ju jiao hu xing dui ying guan ji ,bing biao xian chu gao wei xing qi guan de jiao hu xing cheng du (R_H=0.01)gao yu di wei xing qi guan de jiao hu xing cheng du (R_L=0.03);er ci xiong rui deng gao de Hxing hua de ci xiong rui gao du jie yu chang 、duan hua zhu ci xiong rui gao du zhi jian 。4.zi ran zhuang tai xia ,duan hua zhu Sxing zhu tou shang de zong hua fen shu xian zhe xiao yu chang hua zhu Lxing he ci xiong rui deng gao de Hxing hua ,dan ge hua xing zhu tou shang yi xing hua fen shu mei you xian zhe xing cha yi 。dui BCju qun de chang hua zhu Lxing he duan hua zhu Sxing ge ti jin hang zhu tou hua fen de nian fu xing shi yan fa xian duan hua zhu Sxing hua zhu tou dui yi xing hua fen de nian fu li da yu dui tong xing hua fen de nian fu li (t=3.99,P<0.01);er chang hua zhu Lxing hua zhu tou nian fu liang chong hua fen de neng li mei you cha yi (t=-0.18,P>0.05)。tui ce bu tong hua xing zhu tou nian fu bu tong lei xing hua fen de cha yi xing ke neng yu hua fen wen shi yu zhu tou ru tu xi bao jian de xiang hu shi bie you guan 。5.ci xie cai hua de chuan fen zhe zhu yao fen wei liang lei ji you chang wen he duan wen kun chong ,zhe xie kun chong zai san chong hua xing jian mei you fang hua pian hao (F=0.345,P>0.05),fang hua pin lv fen bie wei 0.21±0.06ci /chan hua /h、0.17±0.08ci /chan hua /h、0.10±0.05ci /chan hua /h。6.ren gong fu zhu zi hua shou fen shi yan jie guo biao ming chang hua zhu Lxing hua he duan hua zhu Sxing hua yi ji ci xiong rui deng gao de Hxing hua jie shi lv fen bie wei 0、3.45%、14.29%。bu tong ju qun de ping jun zi ran jie shi lv ju you xian zhe cha yi ,ji zhong ,TCju qun wei 77.11%,WSju qun wei 64.95%;ge ju qun bu tong hua xing jian de zi ran jie shi lv mei you cha yi 。7.zeng shang suo shu ,ci xie cai hua de hua zhu duo tai xian xiang ke neng shi er xing hua zhu yan bian guo cheng zhong de yi ge zhong jian zhuang tai ,ci xiong rui deng gao de Hxing hua yi ji ci xiong rui pian chang huo pian duan de hua xing ke neng shi kong zhi chang 、duan hua zhu de ji yin tu bian suo zhi 。zai que fa jiao hu xing dui ying guan ji de hua xing jian ,hua fen -zhu tou xing tai de fu shu duo xing ju you cu jin fei shua xing hua fen chuan di de gong neng 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自新疆大学的买金梅，发表于刊物新疆大学2019-07-23论文，是一篇关于刺叶彩花论文,异型花柱论文,花柱多态现象论文,附属多态性论文,新疆大学2019-07-23论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自新疆大学2019-07-23论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：刺叶彩花论文; 异型花柱论文; 花柱多态现象论文; 附属多态性论文; 新疆大学2019-07-23论文;