论文摘要
反拨效应是应用语言学的一个新兴领域,主要指语言测试对教学的影响,有正面效应和负面效应之分。本文主要考察大学英语四级考试对英语教学的反拨效应。反拨效应研究在国内外有过很多,并有丰硕的成果。但是对大学英语四级考试的反拨效应研究不多,而且这些研究多是探讨反拨效应对教师教学方法和教学内容的影响。本文试图从一个新的角度——交际能力入手,具体细致的探讨大学英语四级考试的反拨效应。本文首先对一些四级考试的组织者和策划者的论文及颁发的文件入手,分析得出大学英语考试的一个主要预期效应是发展学生的交际能力,然后通过对60名教师和240名学生的问卷调查、课堂活动观察、访谈等方式,考察教师和学生对四级考试在发展学生交际能力的认识及四级考试对教学在发展学生交际能力上的实际影响。从得到的数据和资料显示,大学英语四级考试(包括四级口语考试)远远没有达到其发展学生交际能力的预期目的,并且在很大程度上阻碍了学生交际能力的发展。基于调查中发现的这一差异,作者分析了导致差异产生的原因,并提出了减小差异的建议,如增加测试的真实性,普及大学英语四级口语考试,正确处理教、学和考试三者之间的关系等。此外,针对大学英语四级考试的局限性,作者还建议建立校内交际测试体系。
论文目录
Abstract内容摘要Chapter One Introduction1.1 Background of the study1.2 Objective of the study1.3 Significance of the study1.4 Organization of the thesisChapter Two Literature Review2.1 Historical overview of the development of communicative competence2.1.1 Chomsky and linguistic competence2.1.2 Hymes and communicative competence2.1.3 Widdowson and language use2.1.4 Bachman and communicative language ability2.2 Concept of washback2.3 Washback in testing2.3.1 Washback in high-stakes testing2.3.2 Washback in communicative language testing2.4 Theoretical study of washback2.4.1 Mechanism of washback2.4.2 Hughes' washback model2.5 Classification of washback2.5.1 Positive and negative washback2.5.2 Overt and covert washback2.6 Empirical study of washback2.6.1 Washback study abroad2.6.2 Washback study in China2.7 Summary of the literatureChapter Three Methodology3.1 Objectives3.2 Research design3.2.1 Subjects3.2.2 Instruments3.2.3 Data collecting procedures3.2.3.1 Documents3.2.3.2 Questionnaire3.2.3.3 Classroom observation3.2.3.4 Interview3.3 Data analysisChapter Four Results4.1 Documents analysis4.2 Questionnaire analysis4.2.1 Testing and CET-4 perception4.2.2 CET-4 influence on teaching and learning4.2.3 Learning and teaching practice4.2.4 CET-4 format4.3 Classroom observation4.3.1 Classes in October4.3.2 Classes in December4.4 Interview4.4.1 Interview for teachers4.4.2 Interview for studentsChapter Five Discussions and suggestions5.1 Discussions5.1.1 Comparison between the intended and actual washback of CET-45.1.2 CET-SET has a minor impact on college English learning and teaching5.2 Suggestions5.2.1 Authentic items should be added in CET-45.2.2 CET-SET should be popularized in universities5.2.3 The relationship among teaching, learning and testing should be properly treated5.2.4 The establishment of a university-based communicative testChapter Six Conclusion6.1 A brief summary of the study6.2 Limitations of the studyReferencesAppendix Ⅰ CET-4的反拨效应问卷调查(教师卷)Appendix Ⅱ CET-4的反拨效应问卷调查(学生卷)
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标签:测试论文; 交际能力论文; 反拨效应论文; 校内交际测试论文;