译学辞典的原型及评价系统

论文摘要

随着译学文献的积累，近20多年来，国内外译学词典的出版也应运而生。译学词典数量不多，但种类复杂，横跨知识词典和语言词典两大类，从涉及语种数量上来看包括了单语词典和双语词典，从规模上来看有大型学科综合性词典和中小型专题词典，从编纂宗旨上看有研究型和实践类，从目标读者来看有提高型和普及型，从编排体例上看有分类编排和音序编排，从编纂思想来看有描述型和规定型词典、历时词典和共时词典，几乎涵盖了词典的所有主要类型。不同类型译学词典的特殊性充分反映在词典的宏观结构、微观结构之中，包括选词立目、词条撰写、义项划分、条目编排、检索方式、附录设置、词典结构和词典外观等各个方面，构成了一个相对独立的特殊研究领域。译学词典研究是随着译学词典编纂实践的兴旺而形成的新兴研究领域，在国内外学者提出的翻译学学科构想图中，隶属于翻译研究整体框架中的应用研究，而在词典学中则应归入专科词典学。译学词典研究不仅要旁涉词典学的一切主要方面，还要兼及翻译学作为新兴综合性学科的学科特点，在研究广度和深度上都富有挑战性。 目前译学词典编纂及其研究尚未真正引起关注，译学词典编纂实践先行、理论研究滞后的现象必然意味着现有译学词典的种种不足。从词典学角度来看，它们在选词立目、词条撰写、编排方式、检索途径、附录设置等主要方面以及词典结构和装帧设计等次要方面都不同程度地存在着问题。从翻译学角度来看，在收词释义的系统性、科学性，规范翻译学学科术语，反映学科知识系统性等方面也不尽人意。要很好地解决这些矛盾，一方面要借鉴已有专科辞书编纂的成功经验，另一方面要结合译学自身的学科特点，而这两者之中又更要着眼于后者。也就是说，要使专科辞书编纂的普遍经验，更好地服务于译学词典编纂的特殊矛盾。这也是译学词典编纂与研究的核心和意义所在。 面对种类复杂、参差不齐的译学词典，如何总结现有译学词典编纂实践的得失利弊，使之上升到编纂原则的理论高度，对词典评价提供行之有效、操作性强的评价系统，不仅对于翻译学学科发展会起到促进作用，其理论原则也会进一步丰富专科词典学。因此针对译学词典编纂实践提出一套评价系统，已经成为译学词典研究的当务之急。在建立词典批评标准时，如果只关注作为成品的词典，忽视应用译学自身发展状况、词典学对词典编纂的指导作用、词典作为文化系统工

论文目录

• Abstract
• 中文摘要
• Introduction
• Chapter One An Overview of DTS Research
• 1.1 Preliminary DTS Making and Research
• 1.2 Defining DTS
• 1.2.1 DTS within Dictionary World
• 1.2.2 Three Typological Classifications of DTS's
• 1.2.3 Practical versus Theoretical DTS
• 1.2.4 Where Does the Outer Limit Lie?
• 1.3 The Status Quo of DTS Research
• 1.3.1 DTS Research:Neglected in Dictionary World
• 1.3.2 DTS Research:Dubious in Translation Community
• 1.3.3 Justifying DTS Research:
• 1.3.3.1 What Is There to Research?
• 1.3.3.2 Dividing Lexicography by Subject Field:Pros and Cons
• 1.3.3.3 Clarifying Verbal Confusion
• 1.3.3.4 About Other Arguments against DTS Research
• 1.4 Mapping DTS Research
• 1.4.1 Relocating DTS Research in Translation Studies
• 1.4.2 Other Neighboring Disciplines of DTS Research
• 1.4.3 Four Main Objectives of DTS Research
• 1.4.4 Two More Dimensions of DTS Research
• 1.4.5 User Perspective
• 1.4.6 DTS Criticism and Others
• Chapter Two A Description of DTS's in China
• 2.1 Basic Principles of the Description
• 2.1.1 The Objectivity of the Description
• 2.1.2 The Scope of the Description
• 2.1.3 The Working Methods of the Description
• 2.2 Thirteen DTS's in China
• 2.2.1 Dictionary of Chinese Translators
• 2.2.2 Dictionary of Chinese Science Translators
• 2.2.3 A Glossary of Translation Terms:Chinese-English,English-Chinese
• 2.2.4 A Companion for Chinese Translators
• 2.2.5 An English-Chinese Translation Dictionary with Illustrative Examples
• 2.2.6 Aspects of Translation
• 2.2.7 The Russian-Chinese Translation Dictionary
• 2.2.8 Chinese-English Dictionary of Descriptions
• 2.2.9 Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Translation Practitioners
• 2.2.10 An Encyclopedia of Translation
• 2.2.11 A C-E E-C Verbal Forest of Translatology
• 2.2.12 A Dictionary of Translation Studies
• 2.2.13 A Dictionary of Translation Technology
• 2.3 DTS Evaluation System: A Desideratum
• Chapter Three The Prototype of DTS
• 3.1 Dictionary Typology: The Dilemma and the Root Cause
• 3.1.1 Dictionary Typology: The Old Dilemma
• 3.1.2 Probing into the Root Cause
• 3.2 Theoretical Implications of Prototype Theory
• 3.2.1 Introducing Prototype Theory
• 3.2.2 Prototype Theory: Pros and Cons
• 3.2.3 DTS Prototype and DTS Evaluation System
• 3.3 Theoretical Backup of DTS Prototype
• 3.3.1 Yakov Malkiel's Dictionary Typology
• 3.3.2 Yang Zuni & Xu Qingkai's Dictionary Typology
• 3.3.3 Sandro Neilson's Dictionary Typology
• 3.4 My DTS Prototype
• 3.4.1 DTS Prototype Defined
• 3.4.2 DTS Prototype Expounded
• 3.4.3 DTS Prototype in DTS Pedigree
• Chapter Four The Evaluation System for DTS Prototype
• 4.1 Primary Evaluation System
• 4.1.1 Entry Inclusion
• 4.1.1.1 Four Basic Principles
• 4.1.1.1.1 Prescriptiveness
• 4.1.1.1.2 Descriptiveness
• 4.1.1.1.3 All-fieldness
• 4.1.1.1.4 Systemati city
• 4.1.1.2 Operational Procedures
• 4.1.2 Entry Definition
• 4.1.2.1 Four Basic Principles
• 4.1.2.1.1 Descriptiveness
• 4.1.2.1.2 Prescriptiveness
• 4.1.2.1.3 Theoreticality
• 4.1.2.1.4 National Characteristics
• 4.1.2.2 Standardizing Definition Style
• 4.1.2.3 Different Definition Conventions for Different Entries
• 4.1.3 Entry Arrangement
• 4.1.3.1 The Status Quo of Entry Arrangement: Problems
• 4.1.3.2 Significance of Semantic Arrangement
• 4.1.3.2.1 Significance for Disciplinary Construction
• 4.1.3.2.2 Cognitive-psychological Arguments
• 4.1.3.3 A Proposal for Semantic Arrangement
• 4.1.3.2.1 Strengthes of Holmes' Disciplinary Division
• 4.1.3.2.2 Operational Procedures
• 4.1.4 Secondary Access Structure
• 4.1.4.1 Sub Entry System
• 4.1.4.2 Subtitle
• 4.1.4.3 Sense Division
• 4.1.4.4 Cross:reference
• 4.1.4.5 Reverse Entry Word
• 4.1.4.6 Index
• 4.1.5 Appendix
• 4.2 Secondary Evaluation System
• 4.2.1 Complete Dictionary Components
• 4.2.1.1 Brief Introduction
• 4.2.1.2 Contents
• 4.2.1.3 Preface
• 4.2.1.4 User's Guide and Others
• 4.2.2 Handsome Physical Properties
• Chapter Five Corpus and DTS Compilation
• 5.1 Translation Corpus: Merits and Demerits
• 5.1.1 Corpus, Translation Corpus and Dictionary world
• 5.1.2 Merits of Translation Corpus as a New Genre of Practical DTS
• 5.1.3 Demerits of Translation Corpus as a Mode of Translation Studies
• 5.1.3.1 Technical Difficulties
• 5.1.3.2 Methodological Difficulties
• 5.2 A Proposal for Constructing Translation Studies Corpus
• 5.2.1 Specifying Corpus Type and Corpus Selection Principle
• 5.2.2 Corpus Selection and Classification
• 5.2.3 Corpus Annotation
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 攻读博士期间发表的学术文章
• 学位论文评阅及答辩情况表