词块教学法对中专生英语写作影响的研究

词块教学法对中专生英语写作影响的研究

论文摘要

长期以来,语言研究发现习语、搭配、惯用话语等词汇组块在语言及语言运用中有着非常重要的作用。Michael Lewis(1993)提出语言不是词汇化的语法,而是语法化的词汇;语言不是由传统的语法和词汇构成的,而通常是由多词的预制词块构成的。在语言词汇观的基础上,以Lewis为代表的语言学家提出了一种运用词块于语言教学的新的教学法:词块法。词块法从理论上论证了以词块为中心的语言教学有助于学习者的语言水平的提高,但它的实际价值有待教学实践来加以证明。本研究旨在通过教学实践来检验词块法是否有助于中专生英语写作的发展。两个自然班共79名中专二年级的学生参加了本次研究,时间为一学期,共4个月。为了确保两组受试的同质性,笔者在实验前实施了一次前测测试。实验过程中,笔者在实验组采用词块法教学,在控制组采用语法翻译法进行教学。实验结束后,作者对所有被试实施了后测测试以检验该教学实验对其写作能力的影响。本文从如下几个方面对两组同学的后测作文进行了对比分析:首先,基于Nattinger & Decarrico及Lewis对词块的分类标准,对所有作文中正确使用的词块类型及其数量进行了统计;其次,对作文的整体质量,选词的准确性及语篇的连贯性进行了评析;最后分析了各类型词块的使用与写作选词准确性和连贯性的相关关系。对上述各方面的分析结果表明:(1)实验组学生在作文中使用词块的频率高于控制组,两组在固定短语,搭配及句子框架和引语的使用上呈现出显著性差异,在惯用话语使用上没有差异;(2)从作文整体成绩来看,实验组较实验前有显著进步,控制组没有进步;(3)在选词准确性及语篇连贯性上,两组之间存在显著差异,即实验组明显高于控制组;(4)相关分析表明各类型词块的使用与写作选词的正确性和连贯性成正相关,其中,句子框架和引语的作用最为明显。对实验组进行的问卷调查结果表明:同学们对词块教学法持积极肯定的态度;在遇到不认识的词块时,他们会通过上下文语境,使用词典等策略来帮助识别;对于已经学习过的词块,他们则会通过记笔记、做练习、写作等活动来加强、巩固。此外,作者还尝试探讨了造成学生写作中词块误用的原因,其大体被归为两类,即偏离词块的正确运用与母语干扰。基于以上分析,本研究得出如下结论:(1)词块教学法可以提高学生写作的选词准确性;(2)词块教学法可以提高学生写作的语篇连贯性;(3)尽管词块法可以有效促进中专生写作水平的提高,学生组块能力形成与写作水平的发展仍任重道远。最后,笔者希望本研究对于词块法在语言教学中的运用有所启发,并有助于探索出一条更加行之有效的教学途径。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Purpose of the study
  • 1.2 Significance of the study
  • 1.3 Organization of the thesis
  • Chapter 2 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Dominant approaches to teaching EFL writing
  • 2.1.1 The product approach
  • 2.1.2 The process approach
  • 2.1.3 Problems existing in writing course
  • 2.2 The lexical approach
  • 2.3 Lexical chunks
  • 2.3.1 Definitions of lexical chunks
  • 2.3.2 Classifications of lexical chunks
  • 2.3.2.1 Nattinger and DeCarrico’s classification
  • 2.3.2.2 Lewis’classification
  • 2.3.3 Functions of lexical chunks
  • 2.3.4 How to teach lexical chunks-conducting consciousness raising activities
  • 2.3.4.1 The importance of consciousness raising
  • 2.3.4.2 Types of consciousness raising activities
  • 2.4 The importance of using lexical chunks in writing
  • 2.5 Studies on the influence of lexical chunks on language acquisition
  • 2.6 Studies on lexical chunks in English teaching
  • Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
  • 3.1 The chunking theory
  • 3.2 The connectionism
  • 3.3 Theory of dual language processing systems
  • 3.4 Gestalt theory and language processing
  • Chapter 4 Research Design
  • 4.1 Hypothesis
  • 4.2 Subjects
  • 4.3 Instruments
  • 4.4 Procedures
  • 4.4.1 The pre-test
  • 4.4.2 Treatment
  • 4.4.2.1 Teaching activities in the EG
  • 4.4.2.2 Teaching activities in the CG
  • 4.4.3 The post-test
  • 4.4.4 The questionnaire
  • Chapter 5 Data Collection and Analysis
  • 5.1 Results of the pre-test
  • 5.2 Results of the post-test
  • 5.2.1 Comparison of the frequency of lexical chunks used in the EG and CG
  • 5.2.2 Statistical analyses of the writings between the EG and CG
  • 5.2.3 Statistical analyses of the writings of the pre-test and post-test in both the EG and CG
  • 5.2.4 Correlation of chunk using and English writing
  • 5.3 Results of the questionnaire
  • 5.3.1 Students’attitudes toward the lexical approach
  • 5.3.2 Strategies students use to identify lexical chunks
  • 5.3.3 Strategies students use to consolidate lexical chunks
  • Chapter 6 Discussion
  • 6.1 The effect of the lexical approach on students’writing
  • 6.2 The effect of the lexical approach on the accuracy of lexical choices in students’ writing
  • 6.3 The effect of the lexical approach on the coherence of students’ writing
  • 6.4 Discussion about students’ misuse of lexical chunks
  • Chapter 7 Conclusion and Implication
  • 7.1 Major findings
  • 7.2 Pedagogical implication
  • 7.3 Limitations and suggestions for future research
  • References
  • Appendices
  • Acknowledgements
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    词块教学法对中专生英语写作影响的研究
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