从翻译伦理的角度比较《楚辞》两个英译本

论文摘要

翻译活动是一种伦理活动,正确处理翻译活动中所涉及的种种人际关系、协调外来文化与本土文化之间的冲突直接关系到翻译活动的成败,对这些问题的探讨显然需要伦理学的指导。中西方翻译伦理研究起步较晚,但越来越多的学者开始投入到翻译伦理的研究中。近年来随着中国经济的发展,国际地位的提升,中国同样亟需在文化上获得认同。典籍英译由于其本身的文化负载在文化输出中发挥巨大作用,而为了达到理想的输出效果,无疑也需要翻译伦理的指导。《楚辞》是我国古代最早、最辉煌的浪漫主义诗集,它的英文译本可以为翻译比较研究提供丰富素材。本文从翻译伦理的角度,以荷兰翻译理论家安德鲁切斯特曼提出的四个伦理模型——再现伦理、服务伦理、交际伦理、规范伦理——为指导,对《楚辞》的两种英文译本(分别为许渊冲和孙大雨的译本),特别是《离骚》的两种译文,进行比较分析,解读影响英译作品不同的伦理因素。本文首先从再现伦理的角度,在艺术形象、诗歌音乐效果和诗歌形态三个方面对《楚辞》的两种译本进行剖析,从文本的层面解析译者的不同翻译方法。其中,艺术形象一节分别就楚辞中出现的香草名、地名及历史神话人物展开论述;诗歌音乐效果一节分析楚辞中押韵和用衬字“兮”在译本中的再现;诗歌形态一节阐述汉语诗歌在形态上的特点以及英译本在音节上体现的形态再现。其次,从再现伦理与规范伦理的冲突着手,指出译者在翻译中受到读者语言期待和译者责任的限制,并在服务伦理的要求下进行妥协,体现在对目标读者的考察和译本的体例编排。最后,以交际伦理为目的,从典籍英译的文化输出本质出发,本文尝试提出典籍英译的可行翻译方法。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract in English
• Abstract in Chinese
• Chapter Ⅰ INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 Objective of the research
• 1.2 Significance of the research
• 1.3 The structure of this paper
• Chapter Ⅱ Literature Review
• 2.1 Chu Ci and Its Status in Chinese Literature
• 2.2 English Translations of Chu Ci and Relative Studies
• 2.2.1 English Translations in Western World
• 2.2.2 English Translations in China
• 2.2.3 Relevant Studies on Chu Ci’s English Translations
• Chapter Ⅲ Translation Ethics and Chesterman’s Models of Translation Ethics
• 3.1 Development of Translations Ethics
• 3.2 Chesterman’s Models of Translation Ethics
• 3.2.1 Ethics of Representation
• 3.2.2 Ethics of Service
• 3.2.3 Ethics of Communication
• 3.2.4 Norm-based Ethics
• Chapter Ⅳ Contrastive Evaluation of Two English Versions of Chu Ci from the Perspective of Representation Ethic
• 4.1 Representation of Artistic Image
• 4.1.1 Names of Herbs
• 4.1.2 Names of Places
• 4.1.3 Historical and Fairy Figures
• 4.1.3.1 Historical Figures
• 4.1.3.2 Fairy Figures
• 4.2 Representation of Sound Effect
• 4.2.1 Rhyme
• 4.2.2 “Xi”
• 4.3 Representation of Form
• 4.3.1 Form in Poetry
• 4.3.2 Syllables
• Chapter Ⅴ Cooperation and Compromise of Other Models with the Model of Representation Ethics
• 5.1 Norm-based Ethics as Restrictions
• 5.1.1 Meeting Target Readers’Language Expectation
• 5.1.2 Translators’Professional Responsibility
• 5.2 Service Ethics as Cooperation
• 5.2.1 Sponsor’s Fixed Target Reader
• 5.2.2 Book Layout
• 5.3 Communication Ethics as Compromise
• 5.3.1 Cultural Exportation
• 5.3.2 A Compromised Method for Chinese Classics’Translation
• Chapter Ⅵ Conclusion
• 6.1 Major findings
• 6.2 Limitation of this research and suggestions for further study
• WORKS CITED
• 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文