论文摘要
采用生物信息学的方法，对GenBank和KEGG和DW等数据库中记录的20个物种187511个CDS的密码子碱基分布和各类真核生物H2A和H2B基因的分子数据进行了较为系统的分析，取得了以下主要研究结果：1．某种碱基在各位点上的含量与该碱基的总含量都存在正相关。碱基含量对该碱基在第三密码位的分布的影响要远大于其他的两个密码位。这一现象起到对蛋白质进化稳定性的调节作用。2．密码子的使用过程中T在第二位使用的频率远大于第一位，G在第一位的使用频率则比第二位高的多。这一现象同密码表中该位点的碱基所编码的氨基酸特征有极大的关系。3．同一基因在不同物种中T在第二密码位和第一密码位的比值与基因组比值的差距各不相同，这可能是在生物由低级向高级进化过程中，非保守基因含量的增加有关。4．在动物中组蛋白H2A、H2B的表达效率与GC含量和GC3含量呈显著的正相关，真菌恰好相反，两者呈负相关，而植物却表现出不相关。表明三类生物H2A、H2B密码子偏爱使用所承受的选择压力明显不同，其中，动物的正选择压是密码子与反密码子作用的稳定性，真菌的正选择压则是密码子与反密码子作用的效率性，植物则选择了稳定和效率的平衡。5．H2A、H2B基因的ps和pN在三类生物的种间和种内的表现为：动物和植物PS>>PN，真菌PSPN，单细胞酵母PS<<PN。动物和植物H2A、H2B遵从净化选择下的birth-and-death模式，真菌遵从介于净化选择下的birth-and-death和协同进化之间的模式，单细胞酵母则遵从协同进化模式。
论文目录
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