论文摘要
对于转述引语的研究在西方已经历史悠久。许多学者已经对转述引语的形式做了细致的划分并讨论了其在使用中的一些形式和功能。但从现代话语分析的角度看,传统语法的研究主要局限于对文学作品中言语转述现象的分析研究,更多地关注直接引语向间接引语转换时句子结构和语法形式的变化规则。随着对转述引语研究的深入,学者们逐渐意识到对转述引语的研究应该跳出传统的框架模式,进而对不同体裁中转述引语的形式与功能做出更广泛的解释。本文研究对象是新闻报纸中“硬新闻”部分的转述引语。目前,国内很少在语篇层面对新闻报纸中硬新闻的转述引语进行系统的语言学和语用学的研究,对中美两种不同文化背景下硬新闻中转述引语语用修辞功能和使用偏好的比较研究则更少。本文对照Leech和Short(1981)对转述引语的五种划分形式,对硬新闻中出现的新的转述形式进行定义和分类,并试图从批评语言学视角比较分析中美两种新闻报纸中常用的转述引语的形式与功能,进而探讨其内在原因。本文分别从连续5个月内的《中国日报》和《华盛顿邮报》中选取报纸,每个月随机抽取2至4天的报纸,并从每天的报纸中随机选取硬新闻报道,总数达到61篇。其中《中国日报》有32篇,总字数13514。《华盛顿邮报》有29篇,总字数是13676。文章对这些硬新闻中常用的转述引语的形式和功能进行比较,还对其中的各种形式的转述引语的出现次数进行统计,从而发现两种报纸对各种转述引语形式的使用偏好。如:两种报纸在引用时,都比较倾向于使用读者已经比较熟悉的直接引语和间接引语。但对于比较特殊的引语类型,两种报纸各有偏好。如:《中国日报》比较偏向于使用时态非连续性的间接引语,其总次数的比例竟然超过间接引语的比例,位居第二。本文试图通过对中美新闻报纸硬新闻中转述引语的分析,研究并揭示隐藏在语篇里的语言、权利和社会意识形态之间的多重关系。结尾扼要总结了全文的主要观点,并简单讨论了本文的理论和实践意义,指出其不足之处和后续研究的方向。
论文目录
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