对英汉基本色彩词汇意义扩展的认知机制的研究

论文摘要

英汉基本色彩词汇是一种文化负载词,其文化意义与人类的认知紧密相关。色彩词汇的文化内涵体现着不同的文化特点,反映着人们在特定文化中的认知共性。本文拟从认知角度对英汉基本色彩词汇黑、白、红、蓝、绿、黄、紫、灰的文化意义构建的认知机制进行分析。本论文是基于语料库的认知研究。首先从英国国家语料库和厦门大学中文语料库中检索到这八个英汉基本色彩词汇所有的词语索引。通过对比分析这些词语索引,总结了这八个英汉基本色彩词汇的文化意义,并根据文化意义对英汉基本色彩词汇进行分类。最后运用经验主义、原型理论和概念隐喻理论分析了英汉基本色彩词汇文化意义构建的认知机制并得出结论,认为英汉基本色彩词汇文化意义构建是以人类普遍的心理体验和色彩感知为基础的,并反映出不同的文化原型对色彩感知的影响。全文共分六章进行论述。第一章介绍了本论文的研究背景、研究的问题、研究方法、研究意义和论文的基本框架。第二章是文献综述,包括对古今中外有关色彩词汇及其色彩感知研究的回顾与评述,并引出了本研究的契机。第三章为本研究提供了理论框架,包括哲学基础、原型理论和概念隐喻理论。本章首先回顾了文化意义构建的哲学基础—经验主义,接着介绍了原型理论,主要考察了基本意义和扩展意义的内在关系,最后引入了概念隐喻理论,着重回顾了意义扩展的两种主要的派生机制:隐喻和通感。论文的主体部分是第四章和第五章。第四章对摘自厦门大学中文语料库和英国国家语料库的语料进行对比分析。通过对比分析,本章总结了英汉基本色彩词汇常用的文化意义,并根据文化意义的不同,把英汉基本色彩词汇分为四类:文化意义重合、文化意义基本对应、文化意义碰撞、文化意义语义空缺。第五章研究了英汉基本色彩词汇文化意义构建的认知机制。运用体验哲学解释了英汉基本色彩词汇文化意义从何而来,并用原型理论分析了色彩词汇的多义范畴中原型意义和扩展意义的内在联系,然后从隐喻和通感的角度分析了英汉基本色彩词汇文化意义构建的派生机制,最后解释了英汉基本色彩词汇文化意义相似、相异的原因。第六章是结论部分,认为色彩词汇文化意义就其本质而言是理据性的,其文化意义的构建与人类的色彩体验和色彩感知紧密相关,在英汉基本色彩词汇的多义范畴中,文化意义是非原型义意义,概念意义是原型义意义,文化意义是通过隐喻和通感的词义派生机制由概念意义扩展而来。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Background of the Present Study
• 1.2 The Research Questions
• 1.3 Methodology of the Study
• 1.4 The Significance of the Present Study
• 1.5 Outline of This Thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 The Researches Abroad
• 2.1.1 Philosophical Explanation
• 2.1.2 The Newtonian Heritage
• 2.1.3 The Analogical Prototype Theory of Eleanor Rosch
• 2.1.4 Magnus’Cross-Cultural Investigation of Color Terms
• 2.1.5 The Theory of Basic Color Terms
• 2.2 The Researches at Home
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Foundation
• 3.1 The Philosophical Basis
• 3.1.1 Experientialism
• 3.1.2 The Bodily Experience
• 3.1.2.1 Physical Experience
• 3.1.2.2 Neural Experience
• 3.1.2.3 Psychological Experience
• 3.1.3 Color Eperience and Lexical Meaning Extension
• 3.2 The Theory of Prototype
• 3.2.1 The Theory of Prototype
• 3.2.2 Polysemous Categories
• 3.2.3 The Cognitive Cultural Prototype and Connotation of Color Terms
• 3.3 The Derivational Mechanism of Meaning Extension
• 3.3.1 Metaphor
• 3.3.1.1 The Conceptual Metaphor Theory
• 3.3.1.2 The Mechanism of Meaning Extension
• 3.3.2 Synaesthesia
• 3.3.2.1 The Definition of Synaesthesia
• 3.3.2.2 Synaesthetic Metaphor
• Chapter 4 The Metaphorical Meaning of English and Chinese Basic Color Terms
• 4.1 English and Chinese Basic Color Terms
• 4.2 Definition of Meaning
• 4.3 The Necessity of Comparative Study
• 4.4 Hypothesis
• 4.5 Data Collection
• 4.6 Data Analysis
• 4.6.1 The Frequency and Percentage of Color Terms
• 4.6.2 The Metaphorical Meaning of English and Chinese Basic Color Terms
• 4.6.2.1 The Metaphorical Meaning of Group 1
• 4.6.2.2 The Metaphorical Meaning of Group 2
• 4.6.2.3 The Metaphorical Meaning of Group 3
• 4.6.2.4 The Metaphorical Meaning of Group 4
• 4.6.3 Summary
• Chapter 5 Cognitive Mechanism of Lexical Meaning Extension
• 5.1 The Philosophical Basis of Construction of Metaphorical Meanings
• 5.2 Polysemous Categories of the Basic Color Terms
• 5.2.1 The Cultural Prototype of Basic Color Terms
• 5.2.2 The Openness of Polysemous Categories of the Basic Color Terms
• 5.2.3 The Derivation of Non-prototypical Meanings of the Basic Color Terms
• 5.3 The Derivational Mechanism of Lexical Meaning Extension
• 5.3.1 Metaphor
• 5.3.1.1 Metaphor on the Base of the Universal Color Experience
• 5.3.1.2 Metaphor on the Base of the Specific Culture Consideration
• 5.3.2 Synesthesia
• 5.3.2.1 Synesthesia on the Perceptual Basis
• 5.3.2.2 Synesthesia on the Cultural Basis
• 5.3.3 Summary
• 5.4 The Causes of Similarities and Dissimilarities in Metaphorical Meanings
• 5.4.1 The Causes of Similarities
• 5.4.2 The Causes of Dissimilarities
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• 6.1 Major Findings
• 6.2 Limitations of the Present Study
• 6.3 Suggestions for Future Study
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements