儿童会话的语用分析

儿童会话的语用分析

论文摘要

近年来,由于语用学的兴起以及儿童词汇习得和语法习得等方面研究的相对成熟,儿童会话语用能力开始引起学者们的重视。会话是人们传达信息,交流思想的主要方式。会话分析作为会话研究的主要方法之一,为会话结构的分析提供了有效的途径。本文尝试在总结前人研究的基础上,以搜集的真实自然的儿童会话为语料,将其转换为文字材料,并结合长时间的跟踪调查,运用会话分析的基本原理,对儿童的会话结构进行分析,探索其特点和规律。研究发现儿童在会话的发起,会话的修正,重叠及打断等方面都体现出不同的特点,儿童的会话语用能力与其社会性能力以及认知能力是整合一体发展的。本课题的研究对于儿童语言教育,社会性发展等具有重要的实践意义。全文除引言和结论部分,共分四章进行论述:第一章是对儿童会话研究的相关回顾。本章介绍了关于会话的基本概念,回顾了国内外有关儿童会话的研究,以及早期儿童会话的发展。第二章是对会话分析理论的介绍。较详细的介绍了会话分析理论的定义,源起及其应用。第三章是对搜集语料的分析,主要讨论了儿童会话的发起,会话修正,重叠以及打断所体现的特点,并得出结论:儿童会话发展与其社会性发展及认知发展密切相关。第四章是关于本研究对于儿童会话发展的有益讨论,并对提高儿童会话发展提出了可行性的建议。本研究对儿童会话发展提供了有益的启示,但是其分析只是从儿童会话分析的一个方面加以讨论,这一研究在语用学领域的应用还有待于进一步的发掘。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Introduction
  • Chapter 1 A Survey of Children’s Conversation
  • 1.1 General View on Conversation
  • 1.1.1 Definitions of Conversation
  • 1.1.2 Conversation, Interaction and Communication
  • 1.2 Relevant Studies on Children’s Conversation
  • 1.2.1 Relevant Studies Abroad
  • 1.2.2 Relevant Studies in China
  • 1.3 Children’s Language Development and the Development of Conversation
  • 1.4 Review of Early Conversational Development
  • 1.4.1 Mother’s Role in Early Conversations
  • 1.4.2 Children’s Behavior in Early Conversations
  • 1.4.3 Respective Roles of Peers and Adults in Early Conversations
  • Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework
  • 2.1 Conversation Analysis and Discourse Analysis
  • 2.2 Definition of Conversation Analysis
  • 2.3 Conversation Analysis Theory and Its Application
  • 2.3.1 Overall Organization
  • 2.3.2 Local Organization
  • 2.4 Summary
  • Chapter 3 Data Analysis and Discussion
  • 3.1 Methodological Issues
  • 3.2 Data Collection
  • 3.3 Data Analysis
  • 3.3.1 Conversational Initiation
  • 3.3.2 Repairs in Children’s Conversation
  • 3.3.3 Overlaps in Children’s Conversation
  • 3.3.4 Interruptions in Children’s Conversation
  • 3.4 Summary
  • Chapter 4 Implications of Analysis
  • 4.1 Differences between Children’s Conversation and Adults’ Conversation
  • 4.2 Implication to Children’s Conversational Development
  • 4.3 Suggestions to Children’s Language Education
  • 4.3.1 Situational Teaching
  • 4.3.2 Proper Guidance
  • 4.3.3 Due Encouragement
  • Conclusion
  • Bibliography
  • Appendix: Transcription Conventions
  • Acknowledgements
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    儿童会话的语用分析
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