本文主要研究内容
作者宋宪臣(2019)在《低热裂高流动性(La+Yb)混合稀土铝合金及压铸成型》一文中研究指出:Al-Si合金微观组织中α-Al以及共晶硅相的形貌尺寸均会影响合金的性能,其次,铝合金中的铁相也会对合金的机械性能产生影响。此外,合金的铸造性能中,流动性和热裂性能是非常重要的两个参数,对于复杂薄壁件的成型尤为重要。本论文以稀土铝合金为研究对象,在铸造铝合金ADC12、A356.2合金基体中加入混合稀土(La+Yb),研究了稀土对合金的变质细化效果以及对合金流动性、热裂性能的影响,设计出了一种具有低热裂、高流动性的稀土铝合金。同时对本文涉及的铝-稀土二元、三元合金进行了热力学计算以及形核动力学分析,最后对稀土铝合金进行压铸成型并研究了压铸条件下合金的微观结构及力学性能,结果如下:(1)采用高能超声法制备中间合金,并采取光镜、扫描电镜+EDS以及XRD等方法对中间合金Al-5La-5Yb进行了分析,确定了其元素组成以及相组成为Al、La、Yb元素以及铝-稀土化合物Al11La3、Al3Yb。(2)制备了稀土铝合金(ADC12+xRE)(x=00.9%,质量分数)以及(A356.2+xRE)、对稀土铝合金的微观结构进行了观察和分析并发现:稀土的添加对α-Al起到了细化作用,当混合稀土添加量为0.6 wt.%时,变质效果最好。当稀土添加量过多时,合金中有稀土化合物生成,稀土在合金中生成的化合物种类较多,其形貌表现为细小的颗粒状、长针状以及颗粒状,在个别稀土偏聚处,则会有尺寸较大的长针状以及块状稀土化合物出现。(3)对稀土铝合金(ADC12+xRE)以及(A356.2+xRE)的流动性以及相关因素进行了对比研究,得出结论如下:合金的流动性与添加稀土的含量有关。稀土的添加使合金的晶粒得到细化,流动性增加,当稀土添加量为0.6 wt.%时,α-Al晶粒细化效果最好,流动性最好。(A356.2+0.6RE)合金的流动性长度从500mm增加到555mm(较基体增加了11%)(700℃浇注)。同时,合金的流动性随着浇注温度的升高而增加。当添加过量的混合稀土时合金的流动性也开始下降。ADC12合金的流动性优于A356.2合金的流动性。(4)研究了添加不同含量稀土元素(La+Yb)的ADC12合金的抗热裂性能及合金的微观结构并发现:通过适量添加稀土元素到合金中,合金的共晶硅形态得到改善,α-Al晶粒尺寸得到细化,抗热裂性能得到提高。当稀土添加量为0.6 wt.%时,对ADC12合金的变质细化、效果最好,而且此时的合金具有最好的抗热裂性能,其热裂力为1400N,较基体(1570N)减少了11%。通过温度凝固曲线以及DTA分析了添加了不同稀土镧的ADC12合金的液相线和共晶温度。ADC12作为一种铝硅合金,由于凝固区间较小,导致凝固过程中的热收缩较小,流动性好,补缩性能好,因而具有较低的热裂倾向性。并且其热裂倾向性可以通过添加适量的稀土进一步加以改善。(5)采用Miedema方法和TOOP方法,对本实验中涉及到的部分稀土-铝二元系以及三元系的合金形成焓、过剩熵以及吉布斯自由能进行了热力学计算与分析。通过晶格匹配度计算与TEM透射电镜测试,发现混合稀土中的Yb元素能够在铝合金中生成Al3Yb化合物,此化合物可作为合金凝固过程中α-Al异质形核的核心,促进合金晶粒细化。而稀土元素La在铝合金中生成的Al11La3化合物不能够作为α-Al异质形核的核心,因此有可能分布在晶界处,或与其他元素形成化合物。(6)采用压铸的加工方式,对混合稀土(La+Yb)在压铸条件下对ADC12铝合金微观结构的影响以及机械性能的影响进行了研究:对ADC12压铸状态下的组织进行了观察,发现合金的压铸组织较重力铸造相比,α-Al晶粒尺寸大大减小,α-Al形貌为尺寸相对较大的蔷薇状、枝状晶和细小的球状晶;合金中的共晶硅相形貌也发生了变化,与重力铸造相比,在压铸条件下表现为尺寸较小的棒状、纤维状。尺寸也相应减小,与重力铸造不同,在压铸条件下,合金中的铁相主要表现为尺寸较大的块状α-AlFeMnSi以及尺寸较小的球状α-AlFeMnSi。在不同的浇注温度下,晶粒形貌尺寸不同,当浇注温度较高时,由于大量的结晶潜热要释放,凝固时间变长,晶粒尺寸较大,而当浇注温度过低时,凝固前期就有初生α-Al生成,导致晶粒长大。在压铸条件下,添加稀土后,合金的力学性质得到了提高,抗拉强度由280MPa提高到了313MPa。延伸率由4%提高到4.5%。从断口形貌分析,添加稀土前,强度较低,合金以解理断裂为主,添加稀土后,由于稀土的变质作用,晶粒变小,同时在断口有大量的韧窝出现,显示断裂机理为韧性断裂为主。
Abstract
Al-Sige jin wei guan zu zhi zhong α-Alyi ji gong jing gui xiang de xing mao che cun jun hui ying xiang ge jin de xing neng ,ji ci ,lv ge jin zhong de tie xiang ye hui dui ge jin de ji xie xing neng chan sheng ying xiang 。ci wai ,ge jin de zhu zao xing neng zhong ,liu dong xing he re lie xing neng shi fei chang chong yao de liang ge can shu ,dui yu fu za bao bi jian de cheng xing you wei chong yao 。ben lun wen yi xi tu lv ge jin wei yan jiu dui xiang ,zai zhu zao lv ge jin ADC12、A356.2ge jin ji ti zhong jia ru hun ge xi tu (La+Yb),yan jiu le xi tu dui ge jin de bian zhi xi hua xiao guo yi ji dui ge jin liu dong xing 、re lie xing neng de ying xiang ,she ji chu le yi chong ju you di re lie 、gao liu dong xing de xi tu lv ge jin 。tong shi dui ben wen she ji de lv -xi tu er yuan 、san yuan ge jin jin hang le re li xue ji suan yi ji xing he dong li xue fen xi ,zui hou dui xi tu lv ge jin jin hang ya zhu cheng xing bing yan jiu le ya zhu tiao jian xia ge jin de wei guan jie gou ji li xue xing neng ,jie guo ru xia :(1)cai yong gao neng chao sheng fa zhi bei zhong jian ge jin ,bing cai qu guang jing 、sao miao dian jing +EDSyi ji XRDdeng fang fa dui zhong jian ge jin Al-5La-5Ybjin hang le fen xi ,que ding le ji yuan su zu cheng yi ji xiang zu cheng wei Al、La、Ybyuan su yi ji lv -xi tu hua ge wu Al11La3、Al3Yb。(2)zhi bei le xi tu lv ge jin (ADC12+xRE)(x=00.9%,zhi liang fen shu )yi ji (A356.2+xRE)、dui xi tu lv ge jin de wei guan jie gou jin hang le guan cha he fen xi bing fa xian :xi tu de tian jia dui α-Alqi dao le xi hua zuo yong ,dang hun ge xi tu tian jia liang wei 0.6 wt.%shi ,bian zhi xiao guo zui hao 。dang xi tu tian jia liang guo duo shi ,ge jin zhong you xi tu hua ge wu sheng cheng ,xi tu zai ge jin zhong sheng cheng de hua ge wu chong lei jiao duo ,ji xing mao biao xian wei xi xiao de ke li zhuang 、chang zhen zhuang yi ji ke li zhuang ,zai ge bie xi tu pian ju chu ,ze hui you che cun jiao da de chang zhen zhuang yi ji kuai zhuang xi tu hua ge wu chu xian 。(3)dui xi tu lv ge jin (ADC12+xRE)yi ji (A356.2+xRE)de liu dong xing yi ji xiang guan yin su jin hang le dui bi yan jiu ,de chu jie lun ru xia :ge jin de liu dong xing yu tian jia xi tu de han liang you guan 。xi tu de tian jia shi ge jin de jing li de dao xi hua ,liu dong xing zeng jia ,dang xi tu tian jia liang wei 0.6 wt.%shi ,α-Aljing li xi hua xiao guo zui hao ,liu dong xing zui hao 。(A356.2+0.6RE)ge jin de liu dong xing chang du cong 500mmzeng jia dao 555mm(jiao ji ti zeng jia le 11%)(700℃jiao zhu )。tong shi ,ge jin de liu dong xing sui zhao jiao zhu wen du de sheng gao er zeng jia 。dang tian jia guo liang de hun ge xi tu shi ge jin de liu dong xing ye kai shi xia jiang 。ADC12ge jin de liu dong xing you yu A356.2ge jin de liu dong xing 。(4)yan jiu le tian jia bu tong han liang xi tu yuan su (La+Yb)de ADC12ge jin de kang re lie xing neng ji ge jin de wei guan jie gou bing fa xian :tong guo kuo liang tian jia xi tu yuan su dao ge jin zhong ,ge jin de gong jing gui xing tai de dao gai shan ,α-Aljing li che cun de dao xi hua ,kang re lie xing neng de dao di gao 。dang xi tu tian jia liang wei 0.6 wt.%shi ,dui ADC12ge jin de bian zhi xi hua 、xiao guo zui hao ,er ju ci shi de ge jin ju you zui hao de kang re lie xing neng ,ji re lie li wei 1400N,jiao ji ti (1570N)jian shao le 11%。tong guo wen du ning gu qu xian yi ji DTAfen xi le tian jia le bu tong xi tu lan de ADC12ge jin de ye xiang xian he gong jing wen du 。ADC12zuo wei yi chong lv gui ge jin ,you yu ning gu ou jian jiao xiao ,dao zhi ning gu guo cheng zhong de re shou su jiao xiao ,liu dong xing hao ,bu su xing neng hao ,yin er ju you jiao di de re lie qing xiang xing 。bing ju ji re lie qing xiang xing ke yi tong guo tian jia kuo liang de xi tu jin yi bu jia yi gai shan 。(5)cai yong Miedemafang fa he TOOPfang fa ,dui ben shi yan zhong she ji dao de bu fen xi tu -lv er yuan ji yi ji san yuan ji de ge jin xing cheng han 、guo sheng shang yi ji ji bu si zi you neng jin hang le re li xue ji suan yu fen xi 。tong guo jing ge pi pei du ji suan yu TEMtou she dian jing ce shi ,fa xian hun ge xi tu zhong de Ybyuan su neng gou zai lv ge jin zhong sheng cheng Al3Ybhua ge wu ,ci hua ge wu ke zuo wei ge jin ning gu guo cheng zhong α-Alyi zhi xing he de he xin ,cu jin ge jin jing li xi hua 。er xi tu yuan su Lazai lv ge jin zhong sheng cheng de Al11La3hua ge wu bu neng gou zuo wei α-Alyi zhi xing he de he xin ,yin ci you ke neng fen bu zai jing jie chu ,huo yu ji ta yuan su xing cheng hua ge wu 。(6)cai yong ya zhu de jia gong fang shi ,dui hun ge xi tu (La+Yb)zai ya zhu tiao jian xia dui ADC12lv ge jin wei guan jie gou de ying xiang yi ji ji xie xing neng de ying xiang jin hang le yan jiu :dui ADC12ya zhu zhuang tai xia de zu zhi jin hang le guan cha ,fa xian ge jin de ya zhu zu zhi jiao chong li zhu zao xiang bi ,α-Aljing li che cun da da jian xiao ,α-Alxing mao wei che cun xiang dui jiao da de qiang wei zhuang 、zhi zhuang jing he xi xiao de qiu zhuang jing ;ge jin zhong de gong jing gui xiang xing mao ye fa sheng le bian hua ,yu chong li zhu zao xiang bi ,zai ya zhu tiao jian xia biao xian wei che cun jiao xiao de bang zhuang 、qian wei zhuang 。che cun ye xiang ying jian xiao ,yu chong li zhu zao bu tong ,zai ya zhu tiao jian xia ,ge jin zhong de tie xiang zhu yao biao xian wei che cun jiao da de kuai zhuang α-AlFeMnSiyi ji che cun jiao xiao de qiu zhuang α-AlFeMnSi。zai bu tong de jiao zhu wen du xia ,jing li xing mao che cun bu tong ,dang jiao zhu wen du jiao gao shi ,you yu da liang de jie jing qian re yao shi fang ,ning gu shi jian bian chang ,jing li che cun jiao da ,er dang jiao zhu wen du guo di shi ,ning gu qian ji jiu you chu sheng α-Alsheng cheng ,dao zhi jing li chang da 。zai ya zhu tiao jian xia ,tian jia xi tu hou ,ge jin de li xue xing zhi de dao le di gao ,kang la jiang du you 280MPadi gao dao le 313MPa。yan shen lv you 4%di gao dao 4.5%。cong duan kou xing mao fen xi ,tian jia xi tu qian ,jiang du jiao di ,ge jin yi jie li duan lie wei zhu ,tian jia xi tu hou ,you yu xi tu de bian zhi zuo yong ,jing li bian xiao ,tong shi zai duan kou you da liang de ren wo chu xian ,xian shi duan lie ji li wei ren xing duan lie wei zhu 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自南昌大学的宋宪臣,发表于刊物南昌大学2019-04-04论文,是一篇关于混合稀土论文,铝硅合金论文,流动性论文,热裂论文,热力学论文,压铸论文,南昌大学2019-04-04论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自南昌大学2019-04-04论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:混合稀土论文; 铝硅合金论文; 流动性论文; 热裂论文; 热力学论文; 压铸论文; 南昌大学2019-04-04论文;