本文主要研究内容
作者王歆珂（2019）在《大麦镉积累与耐性相关QTLs及候选基因HvPAA1的功能鉴定》一文中研究指出：镉(cadmium,Cd)是毒性最强和土壤受污染最普遍的重金属之一,土壤镉污染严重影响作物的品质和产量,并可通过食物链富集危害人类健康。对于中、轻度大面积污染的农田,培育耐镉且食用器官低积累作物品种,是有效利用自然资源和保证农产品安全生产的重要途径之一。而发掘低镉积累种质与相关基因,明确其调控机制是培育低镉积累品种的基础。本研究以构建的镉耐性与积累相关的大麦DH(doubled haploids,双单倍体)群体为材料,构建遗传图谱,检测大麦不同生育期镉耐性与积累相关的QTLs;分离克隆镉积累相关基因HvPAA1,进一步探讨镉积累与耐镉的分子机制与调控机理。主要研究结果如下:1.以耐镉性不同的大麦基因型苏引麦2号(镉敏感基因型)与萎缩不知(耐镉基因型)为亲本(苏引麦2号×萎缩不知)杂交F1经小孢子培养构建的含有108个株系的DH群体和双亲为材料,构建了包含1572个标记的遗传图谱,图谱覆盖大麦基因组1134.5 cM,分布于全部7条大麦染色体上,标记间平均距离为0.72 cM。2.以构建的含有108个株系的DH群体(苏引麦2号×萎缩不知)和双亲为材料,进行土培镉胁迫试验,检测大麦籽粒百粒重和镉及矿质元素含量的QTLs。通过对籽粒百粒重和籽粒中金属元素含量分析,共检测到5个QTLs,其中1个与籽粒Cd含量相关,命名为qKCd5H。qKCd5H位于染色体5H,LOD值为2.59,可解释10.5%的表型变异,基于BarleyMap在该QTL区间找到了 31个带有注释的基因。其中,HORVU5Hr1G118750基因的注释是Zinc finger protein 668,推测其与Cd积累相关。3.水培镉胁迫试验,以不施镉基本培养液为对照,研究大麦DH群体苗期镉耐性和积累相关的QTLs。分析苗期耐镉性相关农艺性状,检测到相关性状的QTLs 24个。检测到qShCd7H与地上部Cd浓度相关,位于染色体7H,LOD值为4.28,能解释17.0%的表型变异;qShCd7H区间距离为2.6 cM,根据Barley Map和IBCS数据库,这段2.6 cM的区域包含了约60个带有注释的基因,其中“AK355848”注释为P-type ATPase(cation/copper-transporter)。4.分别从萎缩不知、苏引麦2号和镉高积累基因型浙农8号中分离克隆了镉积累相关基因AK355848的全长。进化树分析显示,AK355848和水稻OsPAA1的亲缘关系最近,因此,将该基因命名为HvPAA1。通过比对萎缩不知、苏引麦2号和浙农8号中HvPAA1基因的CDS序列,发现三个基因型中HvPAA1基因的CDS序列及其编码的氨基酸序列完全一致。进一步比对父母本之间的全长序列后,发现了 4个位点的SNPs,且全部位于内含子序列中。组织特异性表达分析表明HvPAA1基因主要在地上部组织中表达,且镉胁迫能诱导地上部中HvPAA1基因的上调表达。亚细胞定位结果显示HvPAA1定位在细胞膜上。5.利用 BSMV-VIGS(Barley stripe mosaic virus induced gene silencing)体系,在浙农8号中成功沉默了HvPAA1基因。结果表明,与BSMV:γ(对照)植株相比,镉胁迫条件下,BSMV-VIGS诱导HvPAA1基因沉默(BSMV:HvPAA1)导致植株积累更多的Cd,植株生物学产量显著降低,表现对Cd胁迫更敏感。镉处理5d后,BSMV:HvPAA1侵染植株地上部和根系Cd含量分别比BSMV:γ对照组显著高48.3%和62.2%,且单株镉积累量显著增加。6.利用实验室之前通过水培和土培试验获得的DH群(苏引麦2号×萎缩不知)108个株系和双亲的镉含量与相关农艺和生理性状测定结果,应用1572个标记的遗传图谱重新进行QTL分析,共检测到31个QTLs。其中水培50μM Cd胁迫下,检测到6个与耐镉相关的QTLs;土培25 mg kg-1 Cd实验中,检测到25个显著的QTLs。土培实验中,苗期叶片Cd浓度相关的QTL与拔节期叶片Cd浓度相关的QTL重合,位于染色体2H的末端,通过BarleyMap数据库查找在标记区间共有32个注释基因。
Abstract
ge (cadmium,Cd)shi du xing zui jiang he tu rang shou wu ran zui pu bian de chong jin shu zhi yi ,tu rang ge wu ran yan chong ying xiang zuo wu de pin zhi he chan liang ,bing ke tong guo shi wu lian fu ji wei hai ren lei jian kang 。dui yu zhong 、qing du da mian ji wu ran de nong tian ,pei yo nai ge ju shi yong qi guan di ji lei zuo wu pin chong ,shi you xiao li yong zi ran zi yuan he bao zheng nong chan pin an quan sheng chan de chong yao tu jing zhi yi 。er fa jue di ge ji lei chong zhi yu xiang guan ji yin ,ming que ji diao kong ji zhi shi pei yo di ge ji lei pin chong de ji chu 。ben yan jiu yi gou jian de ge nai xing yu ji lei xiang guan de da mai DH(doubled haploids,shuang chan bei ti )qun ti wei cai liao ,gou jian wei chuan tu pu ,jian ce da mai bu tong sheng yo ji ge nai xing yu ji lei xiang guan de QTLs;fen li ke long ge ji lei xiang guan ji yin HvPAA1,jin yi bu tan tao ge ji lei yu nai ge de fen zi ji zhi yu diao kong ji li 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1.yi nai ge xing bu tong de da mai ji yin xing su yin mai 2hao (ge min gan ji yin xing )yu wei su bu zhi (nai ge ji yin xing )wei qin ben (su yin mai 2hao ×wei su bu zhi )za jiao F1jing xiao bao zi pei yang gou jian de han you 108ge zhu ji de DHqun ti he shuang qin wei cai liao ,gou jian le bao han 1572ge biao ji de wei chuan tu pu ,tu pu fu gai da mai ji yin zu 1134.5 cM,fen bu yu quan bu 7tiao da mai ran se ti shang ,biao ji jian ping jun ju li wei 0.72 cM。2.yi gou jian de han you 108ge zhu ji de DHqun ti (su yin mai 2hao ×wei su bu zhi )he shuang qin wei cai liao ,jin hang tu pei ge xie pai shi yan ,jian ce da mai zi li bai li chong he ge ji kuang zhi yuan su han liang de QTLs。tong guo dui zi li bai li chong he zi li zhong jin shu yuan su han liang fen xi ,gong jian ce dao 5ge QTLs,ji zhong 1ge yu zi li Cdhan liang xiang guan ,ming ming wei qKCd5H。qKCd5Hwei yu ran se ti 5H,LODzhi wei 2.59,ke jie shi 10.5%de biao xing bian yi ,ji yu BarleyMapzai gai QTLou jian zhao dao le 31ge dai you zhu shi de ji yin 。ji zhong ,HORVU5Hr1G118750ji yin de zhu shi shi Zinc finger protein 668,tui ce ji yu Cdji lei xiang guan 。3.shui pei ge xie pai shi yan ,yi bu shi ge ji ben pei yang ye wei dui zhao ,yan jiu da mai DHqun ti miao ji ge nai xing he ji lei xiang guan de QTLs。fen xi miao ji nai ge xing xiang guan nong yi xing zhuang ,jian ce dao xiang guan xing zhuang de QTLs 24ge 。jian ce dao qShCd7Hyu de shang bu Cdnong du xiang guan ,wei yu ran se ti 7H,LODzhi wei 4.28,neng jie shi 17.0%de biao xing bian yi ;qShCd7Hou jian ju li wei 2.6 cM,gen ju Barley Maphe IBCSshu ju ku ,zhe duan 2.6 cMde ou yu bao han le yao 60ge dai you zhu shi de ji yin ,ji zhong “AK355848”zhu shi wei P-type ATPase(cation/copper-transporter)。4.fen bie cong wei su bu zhi 、su yin mai 2hao he ge gao ji lei ji yin xing zhe nong 8hao zhong fen li ke long le ge ji lei xiang guan ji yin AK355848de quan chang 。jin hua shu fen xi xian shi ,AK355848he shui dao OsPAA1de qin yuan guan ji zui jin ,yin ci ,jiang gai ji yin ming ming wei HvPAA1。tong guo bi dui wei su bu zhi 、su yin mai 2hao he zhe nong 8hao zhong HvPAA1ji yin de CDSxu lie ,fa xian san ge ji yin xing zhong HvPAA1ji yin de CDSxu lie ji ji bian ma de an ji suan xu lie wan quan yi zhi 。jin yi bu bi dui fu mu ben zhi jian de quan chang xu lie hou ,fa xian le 4ge wei dian de SNPs,ju quan bu wei yu nei han zi xu lie zhong 。zu zhi te yi xing biao da fen xi biao ming HvPAA1ji yin zhu yao zai de shang bu zu zhi zhong biao da ,ju ge xie pai neng you dao de shang bu zhong HvPAA1ji yin de shang diao biao da 。ya xi bao ding wei jie guo xian shi HvPAA1ding wei zai xi bao mo shang 。5.li yong BSMV-VIGS(Barley stripe mosaic virus induced gene silencing)ti ji ,zai zhe nong 8hao zhong cheng gong chen mo le HvPAA1ji yin 。jie guo biao ming ,yu BSMV:γ(dui zhao )zhi zhu xiang bi ,ge xie pai tiao jian xia ,BSMV-VIGSyou dao HvPAA1ji yin chen mo (BSMV:HvPAA1)dao zhi zhi zhu ji lei geng duo de Cd,zhi zhu sheng wu xue chan liang xian zhe jiang di ,biao xian dui Cdxie pai geng min gan 。ge chu li 5dhou ,BSMV:HvPAA1qin ran zhi zhu de shang bu he gen ji Cdhan liang fen bie bi BSMV:γdui zhao zu xian zhe gao 48.3%he 62.2%,ju chan zhu ge ji lei liang xian zhe zeng jia 。6.li yong shi yan shi zhi qian tong guo shui pei he tu pei shi yan huo de de DHqun (su yin mai 2hao ×wei su bu zhi )108ge zhu ji he shuang qin de ge han liang yu xiang guan nong yi he sheng li xing zhuang ce ding jie guo ,ying yong 1572ge biao ji de wei chuan tu pu chong xin jin hang QTLfen xi ,gong jian ce dao 31ge QTLs。ji zhong shui pei 50μM Cdxie pai xia ,jian ce dao 6ge yu nai ge xiang guan de QTLs;tu pei 25 mg kg-1 Cdshi yan zhong ,jian ce dao 25ge xian zhe de QTLs。tu pei shi yan zhong ,miao ji xie pian Cdnong du xiang guan de QTLyu ba jie ji xie pian Cdnong du xiang guan de QTLchong ge ,wei yu ran se ti 2Hde mo duan ,tong guo BarleyMapshu ju ku cha zhao zai biao ji ou jian gong you 32ge zhu shi ji yin 。
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论文作者分别是来自浙江大学的王歆珂，发表于刊物浙江大学2019-09-18论文，是一篇关于大麦论文,群体论文,镉胁迫论文,耐镉论文,浙江大学2019-09-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自浙江大学2019-09-18论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：大麦论文; 群体论文; 镉胁迫论文; 耐镉论文; 浙江大学2019-09-18论文;