A Study of Conversation Privileges from the Perspectives of Turn-Taking Model and Adaptation Theory

A Study of Conversation Privileges from the Perspectives of Turn-Taking Model and Adaptation Theory

论文摘要

会话是最为明显而普通的一种语言使用形式,具有许多重要的功能。人们借助会话建立和维持与其他社会成员的人际关系,建立自己的社会认同。从日常会话实践中,我们可以观察到一个重要现象,话轮在不同会话参与者之间分配并不平均,这种话轮分配的不平均称为话语优先权。是什么样的机制导致了话语优先权的产生?话语优先权和社会,心理和物质因素似乎有紧密的关系,因此其可以作为研究会话的切入点。话轮分配,话语优先权和非语言变量的关系的研究取得了丰硕的成果,但是并不完善。这些研究主要从社会语言学的角度阐释问题,缺乏一种语言综观的视角。本文的研究将在继承前人优秀的研究方法基础之上发展自己的研究框架。本文一方面将采用萨克斯等人在话轮最简方案中提出的话轮转换模型,阐释话语优先权在语言变量话轮中的生成机制,另一方面使用顺应论阐释话语优先权与非语言变量的关系,并将该问题放在一个语用综观的视角下进行研究。综合使用话轮转化模型和顺应论在研究话语优先权和非语境因素关系时能达到完美契合从而使研究更深入更全面。本文首先挖掘话语优先权实现的方式,分析话语优先权实现的外部动因,并假设话语优先权与其他非语言变量存在一个顺应的关系,正是这种对非语言变量的顺应使得话语优先权产生。在此假设基础之上,本文形成关于话语优先权和非语言变量之间顺应关系的理论框架。然后借助于丰富的语料作为分析文本验证假设话语优先权和非语言变量之间的顺应关系。本文中分析文本一方面来源与实验所得语料,另一方面来源于戏剧文本。通过语料的具体分析,话语优先权与非语言变量之间的顺应关系得到了证实,从而得出会话与非语言变量之间的顺应关系的结论。

论文目录

  • 中文摘要
  • Abstract
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Rationality of the Study
  • 1.2 Purpose and Significance of the Study
  • 1.3 Research Method
  • 1.4 Data Used
  • 1.5 Organization of the Chapters
  • Chapter 2 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Definition of Conversation
  • 2.2 Previous Researches on Conversation
  • 2.2.1 Conversation analysis
  • 2.2.2 Historical view of CA
  • 2.3 Researches on Conversation and Non-Linguistic Variables
  • 2.4 Sacks’Turn-Taking Model
  • 2.5 Adaptation Theory
  • 2.6 Summary
  • Chapter 3 Conversation Privileges Indicated In Turn-Taking
  • 3.1 In Turn-Allocation
  • 3.1.1 In neglecting of turn-allocation rules
  • 3.1.2 In the rules
  • 3.2 In the Twin Features of Turn-Taking System
  • 3.3 Internal Indexes of Turn as the Symbol of Conversation Privileges
  • 3.4 Summary
  • Chapter 4 Conversation Privileges as a Process of Adaptation
  • 4.1 Conversation Privilege as Structural Adaptation Object
  • 4.2 Contextual Correlates of Adaptability
  • 4.2.1 Traditional theories on context
  • 4.2.2 Jef Verchuere’s theory on context
  • 4.3 Conceptual Framework of the Current Study
  • 4.4 Summary
  • Chapter 5 Hypothesis Verification
  • 5.1 Conversation Privileges Adaptation to Social Variables
  • 5.1.1 Adaptation to gender difference
  • 5.1.2 Adaptation to expert power
  • 5.1.3 Adaptation to age difference
  • 5.1.4 Adaptation to social class
  • 5.1.5 Adaptation to culture
  • 5.2 Adaptation to Psychological Variables
  • 5.3 Adaptation to Physical Variables
  • 5.4 Summary
  • Chapter 6 Conclusion
  • 6.1 Findings of the Study
  • 6.2 Limitations of the Study
  • 6.3 Implication of the Study
  • Acknowledgements
  • Bibliography
  • 在学期间的研究成果
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    A Study of Conversation Privileges from the Perspectives of Turn-Taking Model and Adaptation Theory
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