本文主要研究内容
作者朱良军（2019）在《4个温带硬阔导管特征与径向生长对气候变化的响应》一文中研究指出：树木生长-气候关系对准确评估气候变化对森林生态系统影响、预测森林生产力与植被动态及揭示树木对气候变化的响适应策略至关重要,该关系会随时间、空间及树种的差异而改变。现有研究主要集中在针叶树或中小尺度下的年轮-气候响应关系,有关大尺度下阔叶树生长-气候响应关系时空变异及驱动机制的研究较少。全球变化背景下,本研究以我国东北温带阔叶红松(Pins koraiensis)林内4种主要阔叶树—水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)、黄菠萝(Phellodendronamurense)、蒙古栎(Quercusmongolica)和胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)为研究对象,从径向生长与导管形成角度揭示大尺度下阔叶树宏微观生长-气候关系时空变异规律及驱动机制。主要结果如下:蒙古栎的环孔材特性最明显,仅1-2排大导管,水曲柳和黄菠萝次之;环孔材水力直径(Dh)和平均导管面积(MVA)较大但导管数量(N)较少,而半环孔材胡桃楸则恰好相反。环孔材幼树(0-10a)阶段导管多且小,分布更接近半环孔材,表明幼树与成年树抗旱策略不同,是生存与生长权衡的结果。胡桃楸年轮宽度(RWL)显著高于其它3个树种,而蒙古栎最小。水曲柳导管特征密度(VD)显著高于其它3个树种,而蒙古栎导管总面积(TVA)仅为其它树种的1/2。4个树种解剖结构的差异能够反映物种间生态习性差异。各树种RWL和N总体随形成层年龄增加而减小且趋势不明显;导管特征Dh和MVA,在幼龄阶段(25～45a)均随形成层年龄增加而快速上升,达到某一“拐点”后,该趋势明显变缓或消失,这可能与高生长速率的转变有关;VD也表现出随形成层年龄增加而增加的趋势但“拐点”不存在或不明显;而TVA随形成层年龄增加变化不大。年龄趋势中“拐点”的存在为规避去趋势提供了可能。各树种RWL与VD均呈负相关,尤其是水曲柳和蒙古栎;而与其它导管特征总体呈正相关(尤其是N)。导管的数量密度与导管直径总体呈负相关,是水力效率性与安全性权衡的结果。4个树种RWL和TVA均主要由N决定,而不是MVA;N对RWL主要表现为直接影响,通过TVA和VD途径的间接影响较弱。4个树种年轮宽度和导管主要特征(VD除外),总体上存在“南高北低”的格局,这是对采样点气候适应的结果;也是对树种习性、树龄、树高或高生长速率适应的体现。总体而言,4种阔叶树导管特征的空间变化证明了木质部水力结构的可塑性以及随树龄或样点环境变化导管主要功能间的权衡。温度是限制4个树种径向生长的主要气候因子,降水的限制作用较弱;其中均温和低温对4个树种的径向生长整体呈促进作用(尤其是低温),其中水曲柳径向生长与两者的响应最好而胡桃楸相对较弱。4个树种RWL与水分因子(降水、平均相对湿度及SPEI)的相关性总体表现出从北到南由正相关转为负相关的趋势,在季节与指标间差异较大;与温度总体上均呈正相关(尤其是低温)。其中黄菠萝和蒙古栎RWL与温度正相关显著的样点主要集中在南部,北部样点相关不显著;北部样点RWL与夏季温度呈负相关,表明研究区北部干旱胁迫更明显。水曲柳RWL与均温及低温在几乎所有样点正相关显著;其与高温(尤其是秋季)正相关显著的样点主要集中在北部,可能与延长生长季长度有关。胡桃楸RWL与3种温度指标的空间变化规律(北部正相关较强)似乎不同于黄菠萝和蒙古栎,这是不同材性树种水分利用策略差异的体现。过强(水曲柳)或过弱(胡桃楸)的相关均能遮蔽空间变异信号,这是水曲柳和胡桃楸径向生长与温度相关性空间变异不明显的原因。生长-气候关系空间变异的发生因季节、气候因子及树种类型的不同而存在差异。经纬度、海拔或微地形等因素导致的气候限制因子改变是造成阔叶树年轮气候关系空间变异的主要原因,大尺度气候涛动可能是区域上空间变异的外在驱动。快速(1970-80s)升温以后,环孔材树种(水曲柳、黄菠萝和蒙古栎)与温度的相关性均由不显著的负或正相关转变为显著正相关,而半环孔材胡桃楸则由显著正相关转为显著负相关;水曲柳和黄菠萝生长与水分的相关性总体上均由不显著的负或正相关转变为显著正相关。就蒙古栎和胡桃楸而言,在南部地区受水分的限制作用由负转正再转负,而北部则由负相关转为显著正相关。阔叶树生长-气候关系的时间变异,可能与升温导致的干旱胁迫有关;随着变暖速度的减缓,这种随时间的变异减弱。温度是影响温带森林内4种阔叶树导管特征的主要气候因子;各指标与均温及低温正相关且一致性较高,与高温的相关性一致性差。4种阔叶树导管特征与生长季初水分正相关,与其它季节水分主要呈负相关。4个树种导管特征与温度或降水的相关性存在季节差异,可能与树木的材性及物候有关。4种阔叶树主要导管特征与气候因子的相关性总体表现出与宽度一致的空间变异规律,即与水分相关性由北到南正效应减弱,而温度的正效应则增强,表明北部样点受干旱胁迫更严重。蒙古栎和胡桃楸的RWL、N和TVA与气候因子的相关常与VD、Dh和MVA相反;各指标间的关系及气候代表性因树种或季节不同而存在差异。温度对南部树木生长(导管特征)的正效应较强,而对北部树木生长的正效应较弱或表现为负效应,这在一定程度上印证了宏观上的年轮-气候关系。
Abstract
shu mu sheng chang -qi hou guan ji dui zhun que ping gu qi hou bian hua dui sen lin sheng tai ji tong ying xiang 、yu ce sen lin sheng chan li yu zhi bei dong tai ji jie shi shu mu dui qi hou bian hua de xiang kuo ying ce lve zhi guan chong yao ,gai guan ji hui sui shi jian 、kong jian ji shu chong de cha yi er gai bian 。xian you yan jiu zhu yao ji zhong zai zhen xie shu huo zhong xiao che du xia de nian lun -qi hou xiang ying guan ji ,you guan da che du xia kuo xie shu sheng chang -qi hou xiang ying guan ji shi kong bian yi ji qu dong ji zhi de yan jiu jiao shao 。quan qiu bian hua bei jing xia ,ben yan jiu yi wo guo dong bei wen dai kuo xie gong song (Pins koraiensis)lin nei 4chong zhu yao kuo xie shu —shui qu liu (Fraxinus mandshurica)、huang bo luo (Phellodendronamurense)、meng gu li (Quercusmongolica)he hu tao qiu (Juglans mandshurica)wei yan jiu dui xiang ,cong jing xiang sheng chang yu dao guan xing cheng jiao du jie shi da che du xia kuo xie shu hong wei guan sheng chang -qi hou guan ji shi kong bian yi gui lv ji qu dong ji zhi 。zhu yao jie guo ru xia :meng gu li de huan kong cai te xing zui ming xian ,jin 1-2pai da dao guan ,shui qu liu he huang bo luo ci zhi ;huan kong cai shui li zhi jing (Dh)he ping jun dao guan mian ji (MVA)jiao da dan dao guan shu liang (N)jiao shao ,er ban huan kong cai hu tao qiu ze qia hao xiang fan 。huan kong cai you shu (0-10a)jie duan dao guan duo ju xiao ,fen bu geng jie jin ban huan kong cai ,biao ming you shu yu cheng nian shu kang han ce lve bu tong ,shi sheng cun yu sheng chang quan heng de jie guo 。hu tao qiu nian lun kuan du (RWL)xian zhe gao yu ji ta 3ge shu chong ,er meng gu li zui xiao 。shui qu liu dao guan te zheng mi du (VD)xian zhe gao yu ji ta 3ge shu chong ,er meng gu li dao guan zong mian ji (TVA)jin wei ji ta shu chong de 1/2。4ge shu chong jie pou jie gou de cha yi neng gou fan ying wu chong jian sheng tai xi xing cha yi 。ge shu chong RWLhe Nzong ti sui xing cheng ceng nian ling zeng jia er jian xiao ju qu shi bu ming xian ;dao guan te zheng Dhhe MVA,zai you ling jie duan (25～45a)jun sui xing cheng ceng nian ling zeng jia er kuai su shang sheng ,da dao mou yi “guai dian ”hou ,gai qu shi ming xian bian huan huo xiao shi ,zhe ke neng yu gao sheng chang su lv de zhuai bian you guan ;VDye biao xian chu sui xing cheng ceng nian ling zeng jia er zeng jia de qu shi dan “guai dian ”bu cun zai huo bu ming xian ;er TVAsui xing cheng ceng nian ling zeng jia bian hua bu da 。nian ling qu shi zhong “guai dian ”de cun zai wei gui bi qu qu shi di gong le ke neng 。ge shu chong RWLyu VDjun cheng fu xiang guan ,you ji shi shui qu liu he meng gu li ;er yu ji ta dao guan te zheng zong ti cheng zheng xiang guan (you ji shi N)。dao guan de shu liang mi du yu dao guan zhi jing zong ti cheng fu xiang guan ,shi shui li xiao lv xing yu an quan xing quan heng de jie guo 。4ge shu chong RWLhe TVAjun zhu yao you Njue ding ,er bu shi MVA;Ndui RWLzhu yao biao xian wei zhi jie ying xiang ,tong guo TVAhe VDtu jing de jian jie ying xiang jiao ruo 。4ge shu chong nian lun kuan du he dao guan zhu yao te zheng (VDchu wai ),zong ti shang cun zai “na gao bei di ”de ge ju ,zhe shi dui cai yang dian qi hou kuo ying de jie guo ;ye shi dui shu chong xi xing 、shu ling 、shu gao huo gao sheng chang su lv kuo ying de ti xian 。zong ti er yan ,4chong kuo xie shu dao guan te zheng de kong jian bian hua zheng ming le mu zhi bu shui li jie gou de ke su xing yi ji sui shu ling huo yang dian huan jing bian hua dao guan zhu yao gong neng jian de quan heng 。wen du shi xian zhi 4ge shu chong jing xiang sheng chang de zhu yao qi hou yin zi ,jiang shui de xian zhi zuo yong jiao ruo ;ji zhong jun wen he di wen dui 4ge shu chong de jing xiang sheng chang zheng ti cheng cu jin zuo yong (you ji shi di wen ),ji zhong shui qu liu jing xiang sheng chang yu liang zhe de xiang ying zui hao er hu tao qiu xiang dui jiao ruo 。4ge shu chong RWLyu shui fen yin zi (jiang shui 、ping jun xiang dui shi du ji SPEI)de xiang guan xing zong ti biao xian chu cong bei dao na you zheng xiang guan zhuai wei fu xiang guan de qu shi ,zai ji jie yu zhi biao jian cha yi jiao da ;yu wen du zong ti shang jun cheng zheng xiang guan (you ji shi di wen )。ji zhong huang bo luo he meng gu li RWLyu wen du zheng xiang guan xian zhe de yang dian zhu yao ji zhong zai na bu ,bei bu yang dian xiang guan bu xian zhe ;bei bu yang dian RWLyu xia ji wen du cheng fu xiang guan ,biao ming yan jiu ou bei bu gan han xie pai geng ming xian 。shui qu liu RWLyu jun wen ji di wen zai ji hu suo you yang dian zheng xiang guan xian zhe ;ji yu gao wen (you ji shi qiu ji )zheng xiang guan xian zhe de yang dian zhu yao ji zhong zai bei bu ,ke neng yu yan chang sheng chang ji chang du you guan 。hu tao qiu RWLyu 3chong wen du zhi biao de kong jian bian hua gui lv (bei bu zheng xiang guan jiao jiang )shi hu bu tong yu huang bo luo he meng gu li ,zhe shi bu tong cai xing shu chong shui fen li yong ce lve cha yi de ti xian 。guo jiang (shui qu liu )huo guo ruo (hu tao qiu )de xiang guan jun neng zhe bi kong jian bian yi xin hao ,zhe shi shui qu liu he hu tao qiu jing xiang sheng chang yu wen du xiang guan xing kong jian bian yi bu ming xian de yuan yin 。sheng chang -qi hou guan ji kong jian bian yi de fa sheng yin ji jie 、qi hou yin zi ji shu chong lei xing de bu tong er cun zai cha yi 。jing wei du 、hai ba huo wei de xing deng yin su dao zhi de qi hou xian zhi yin zi gai bian shi zao cheng kuo xie shu nian lun qi hou guan ji kong jian bian yi de zhu yao yuan yin ,da che du qi hou tao dong ke neng shi ou yu shang kong jian bian yi de wai zai qu dong 。kuai su (1970-80s)sheng wen yi hou ,huan kong cai shu chong (shui qu liu 、huang bo luo he meng gu li )yu wen du de xiang guan xing jun you bu xian zhe de fu huo zheng xiang guan zhuai bian wei xian zhe zheng xiang guan ,er ban huan kong cai hu tao qiu ze you xian zhe zheng xiang guan zhuai wei xian zhe fu xiang guan ;shui qu liu he huang bo luo sheng chang yu shui fen de xiang guan xing zong ti shang jun you bu xian zhe de fu huo zheng xiang guan zhuai bian wei xian zhe zheng xiang guan 。jiu meng gu li he hu tao qiu er yan ,zai na bu de ou shou shui fen de xian zhi zuo yong you fu zhuai zheng zai zhuai fu ,er bei bu ze you fu xiang guan zhuai wei xian zhe zheng xiang guan 。kuo xie shu sheng chang -qi hou guan ji de shi jian bian yi ,ke neng yu sheng wen dao zhi de gan han xie pai you guan ;sui zhao bian nuan su du de jian huan ,zhe chong sui shi jian de bian yi jian ruo 。wen du shi ying xiang wen dai sen lin nei 4chong kuo xie shu dao guan te zheng de zhu yao qi hou yin zi ;ge zhi biao yu jun wen ji di wen zheng xiang guan ju yi zhi xing jiao gao ,yu gao wen de xiang guan xing yi zhi xing cha 。4chong kuo xie shu dao guan te zheng yu sheng chang ji chu shui fen zheng xiang guan ,yu ji ta ji jie shui fen zhu yao cheng fu xiang guan 。4ge shu chong dao guan te zheng yu wen du huo jiang shui de xiang guan xing cun zai ji jie cha yi ,ke neng yu shu mu de cai xing ji wu hou you guan 。4chong kuo xie shu zhu yao dao guan te zheng yu qi hou yin zi de xiang guan xing zong ti biao xian chu yu kuan du yi zhi de kong jian bian yi gui lv ,ji yu shui fen xiang guan xing you bei dao na zheng xiao ying jian ruo ,er wen du de zheng xiao ying ze zeng jiang ,biao ming bei bu yang dian shou gan han xie pai geng yan chong 。meng gu li he hu tao qiu de RWL、Nhe TVAyu qi hou yin zi de xiang guan chang yu VD、Dhhe MVAxiang fan ;ge zhi biao jian de guan ji ji qi hou dai biao xing yin shu chong huo ji jie bu tong er cun zai cha yi 。wen du dui na bu shu mu sheng chang (dao guan te zheng )de zheng xiao ying jiao jiang ,er dui bei bu shu mu sheng chang de zheng xiao ying jiao ruo huo biao xian wei fu xiao ying ,zhe zai yi ding cheng du shang yin zheng le hong guan shang de nian lun -qi hou guan ji 。
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论文作者分别是来自东北林业大学的朱良军，发表于刊物东北林业大学2019-11-18论文，是一篇关于树木年轮论文,木质部解剖论文,气候响应论文,时空变异论文,阔叶红松林论文,东北林业大学2019-11-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自东北林业大学2019-11-18论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：树木年轮论文; 木质部解剖论文; 气候响应论文; 时空变异论文; 阔叶红松林论文; 东北林业大学2019-11-18论文;