揭开钟形罩：对埃斯特寻找主体性尝试之拉康式解读

论文摘要

希尔维亚·普拉斯向来被认为是美国杰出的女诗人。她的诗歌被称赞为现代诗歌的杰出典范。评论界对普拉斯唯一一部小说《钟形罩》的关注相对更少。但是近些年,研究希尔维亚·普拉斯作品的学者对它在文学上的重要性进行了重新评价,并且从女性主义视角及弗洛伊德精神分析等角度重新诠释了该小说。本文将借助拉康精神分析理论,尤其是其镜像理论重新解读该小说。本文找出主人公埃斯特成为精神病人的原因及痊愈的过程。研究表明,埃斯特变疯和痊愈的过程其实是其努力寻找自我主体性的过程。她之所以精神分裂原因是陷入与父权制象征界的斗争中。她不愿接受以父亲之名为代表的象征界的种种限制。本文共由七章节构成。第一章为文献综述。第二章对本文将涉及到的拉康精神分析理论作出框架性阐述。第三、四章具体分析了埃斯特得精神病的原因。第五章揭示了埃斯特在精神病医院的治疗痊愈过程。第六章指出,小说结尾时她找到的自我是不真实,不完整的。因为根据拉康理论,人是不可能找到最终的自我主体性的。第七章是对本文的总结,同时也作出一个猜测,那就是埃斯特在不久的将来还将会因精神分裂而再次入院。因为她企图寻找自我主体性的欲望是存在于象征界中他者的话语中,而这种欲望是永远不可能得到满足的。

论文目录

• ACKOWLEDGEMENTS
• ABSTRACT
• 摘要
• CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 The Bell Jar:A Literature Review
• 1.1.1 The Bell Jar as a Semi-autobiographic Novel
• 1.1.2 The Bell Jar as a Feminist Manifesto
• 1.1.3 The Bell Jar:from the Perspective of Psychoanalysis
• 1.2 Symbolic Meaning of the Bell Jar
• 1.3 Research Questions and Thesis Statement
• CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
• 2.1 The Mirror Theory
• 2.1.1 The Imaginary Order
• 2.1.2 The Symbolic Order
• 2.1.3 The Name-of-the-Father
• 2.2 The Split Subject
• 2.3 Desire
• CHAPTER THREE THE APPROACHING OF THE BELL JAR
• 3.1 Esther's Mother:The Ideal Ego
• 3.2 Esther's Absent Father
• CHAPTER FOUR THE COVERING OF THE BELL JAR
• 4.1 Esther's Nightmare Experience in the Patriarchal Symbolic Order
• 4.1.1 Esther's Experience with Lenny,a Woman Seducer
• 4.1.2 Esther's Experience with Macro,a Hater of Women
• 4.1.3 Esther's Experience with Buddy,a Hypocrite and an Autocrat
• 4.2 Esther as a Split Subject
• 4.3 The Hang-over of the Bell Jar:Esther's Break-down
• CHAPTER FIVE THE LIFTING OF THE BELL JAR
• 5.1 Esther's Treatment in the Asylum
• 5.1.1 The Transference and the Desire of the Analyst
• 5.1.2 The Relationship between Esther and Doctor Nolan
• 5.2 Esther's Spiritual Rebirth
• 5.2.1 Esther's Revenge on Irwin,a Representative of Patriarchal Symbolic Order
• 5.2.2 Esther's Burial of Her Old Self
• CHAPTER SIX THE HAUNTING OF THE BELL JAR
• 6.1 Temporary Satisfaction of Esther's Desire
• 6.2 The Impossibility of Full Satisfaction of Esther's Desire
• CHAPTER SEVEN CONCLUSION
• WORKS CITED