试论英汉比喻修辞手法中喻体的翻译

论文摘要

比喻是一种重要的修辞方法,它能有效地帮助使用者传情达意。然而,由于比喻喻体的形式多样,并且往往涉及母语的文化概念,比喻的翻译历来是一个难点。本文试从传载喻义的关键成分——喻体出发来探讨比喻的翻译。本文首先回顾了有关比喻和比较分析等理论的研究,总结出比较分析能有效帮助人们认识中英文喻体的异同。按照比较分析的原则,本文从词、短语和从句等三个方面比较分析了中英文喻体的异同,并考察了中英文喻体在喻义上存在的三种对应关系:喻体相同喻义相似,喻体相同喻义不同和喻体不同喻义相似。理清这些关系有助于译者把握中英文喻体的处理原则。本文以《红楼梦》的杨、霍两个英译本为例讨论并总结了翻译喻体的七种方法,并与Peter Newmark翻译暗喻的七个步骤做了比较。文章讨论了这两个译本的喻体翻译策略,认为归化和异化在喻体翻译中各有千秋,其具体的选择往往取决于译者的翻译目的。从翻译策略的角度看待,这七种翻译方法可以看作是从归化向异化逐渐衍变的,而直译和意译正是这个衍变区间的两极。此外,译者们也往往同时使用多种方法来翻译一个喻体。

论文目录

• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• ABSTRACT
• 摘要
• Chapter One Introduction
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 On Metaphor
• 2.1.1 Definition of Metaphor
• 2.1.2 Metaphor and Simile
• 2.1.3 Essence of Metaphor
• 2.2 Contrastive Analysis and Its Relevance to Translation
• 2.3 Translation Equivalence
• Chapter Three A Comparison of English and Chinese Vehicle
• 3.1 Forms of English and Chinese Vehicle
• 3.1.1 A Word as Vehicle
• 3.1.1.1 A Noun as Vehicle
• 3.1.1.2 A Verb as Vehicle
• 3.1.1.3 An Adjective as Vehicle
• 3.1.1.4 A Classifier as Vehicle
• 3.1.2 A Phrase as Vehicle
• 3.1.3 A Clause as Vehicle
• 3.2 Figurative Meanings of Vehicle and the Implications for Translation
• 3.2.1 Same Vehicle with Similar Figurative Meanings
• 3.2.2 Same Vehicle with Different Figurative Meanings
• 3.2.3 Different Vehicles with Similar Figurative Meanings
• Chapter Four Methods and Strategies of Translating Vehicle
• 4.1 Methods of Translating Vehicle
• 4.1.1 Literal Translation
• 4.1.2 Literal Translation with Annotation
• 4.1.3 Converting Metaphor to Simile
• 4.1.4 Supplementary Translation
• 4.1.5 Explanatory Translation
• 4.1.6 Replacing Vehicle
• 4.1.7 Free Translation
• 4.2 Strategies of Translating Vehicle: Alienation or Adaptation?
• 4.3 Translation Methods in Light of Translation Strategies
• Chapter Five Conclusion
• 5.1 Major Findings
• 5.2 Limitations of the Research and Suggestions for Further Study
• References
• List of Publications during Graduate Study