本文主要研究内容
作者郑琦(2019)在《微生物燃料电池处理甲基橙废水同步产能及应用》一文中研究指出:偶氮染料具有长期潜在危害,是一种难降解的典型污染物,其无害化处理一直受到人们的重视。甲基橙是印染废水中最具代表性的偶氮染料之一,将其作为典型污染物进行研究,对其它染料的降解性能研究具有普遍的参考价值。微生物燃料电池(Microbial Fuel Cell,MFC),作为一种新型的处理废水的生物电化学技术,具有无污染,同时可获得清洁能源的特点。利用该技术可以将废水中的有机物的化学能转换成电能,在降解污染物的同时进行能量回收,因此,该技术具备环保和节能两大重要特性。利用微生物燃料电池处理含有偶氮染料甲基橙等的废水是一直经济高效的方法,因此具有十分重要的理论价值和工程实际意义。本文以闽南地区富含甲基橙的偶氮染料废水为处理对象,采用微生物燃料电池,通过运用微生物学、分子生物学和生物化学手段,实现甲基橙的高效生物脱色。以提高微生物燃料电池的产电能力、降低废水处理时消耗的巨大电能为基本出发点,为了充分利用微生物燃料电池在甲基橙脱色降解过程中产生的电能,设计了一系列的能量收集电路系统,并利用该系统初步实现了为无线传感器模块提供电能。实验使用双室微生物燃料电池,以碳毡为电极材料,将污水处理厂采集的活性污泥接种到不同pH值(3,5,7和9)条件下的MFC阳极中,驯化对四种不同酸碱度具有耐受能力的优势产电菌群,比较微生物燃料电池的启动时间、产电周期、电池内阻、功率密度曲线、COD去除率及库伦效率等产电特性。分析不同pH条件下MFC阳极内的微生物群落及多样性特点。研究结果发现阳极液为pH7的微生物燃料电池内阻最小,最大输出功率密度最大,产电性能最好,最适合微生物生存。同时,从微生物燃料电池阳极电极碳毡中分离筛选得到两株在厌氧条件可以高效脱色偶氮染料甲基橙的菌株,通过不同检测手段研究两株菌的生理生化特性、不同环境条件(pH、盐度、染料浓度)下菌株对甲基橙的脱色效果、降解途径以及菌株的电化学活性。经扫描电镜观察和16S rDNA序列比对分析后,两株菌分别鉴定为少动鞘氨醇单胞菌Sphingomonas paucimobilis SP.A,和弗氏柠檬酸杆菌Citrobacter-B C.B。菌株SP.A和C.B可用于甲基橙染料废水的处理。菌株SP.A和C.B不仅能够有效脱色甲基橙,同时具备电化学活性,可提高MFC的产电功率输出。甲基橙脱色的原理是由生物降解所致,其降解机制是分子中的发色基团偶氮键发生断裂,C6H6O2S是最终产物。将两株菌及混合菌对甲基橙进行脱色同步产电,对比实验结果发现,同等条件下菌株C.B对甲基橙的脱色率最高,可达96.32%,产电能力也最强;混合菌其次,菌株SP.A最次。说明菌株C.B可作为同步脱色高浓度甲基橙和产电的优势菌株。为了有效利用微生物燃料电池产生的电能,实验设计了一系列的能量收集电路系统。针对单个微生物燃料电池输出电压和功率很低的特性,设计了一种能够在0.3V输入电压、0.5 mA输入电流的情况下正常工作的能量收集电路,该电路利用电荷泵控制开关,周期性让储能超级电容进行充放电,以此间歇性驱动传感器负载。此外,实验对比了带负反馈回路和不带负反馈回路的两种方案,能够点亮同一个LED的时间分别为3.76 min和3.63 min,证明了带负反馈回路的系统能够更有效的利用微生物燃料电池产生的能量。对于直接将多个微生物燃料电池串联后引发的极性反转问题。实验设计了一种将电池串联转化为电容串联的方案,并搭建了相应的电路和系统进行测试、验证。此外,为了适应实际的应用环境,解决基于时序控制电路系统布线复杂的问题,设计了基于自动控制原理的能量收集电路。实验结果表明,两种串联微生物燃料电池能量管理系统均能够有效收集电能,同时杜绝或降低反转现象对输出电压及输出功率的破坏性影响。最后,将设计的能量管理系统用于无线传感器系统中,作为智能传感器的供电电源。实验设计了基于上述能量管理系统驱动的无线温湿度传感器的收发硬件电路、传感器数据采集程序和数据传输程序。实验结果表明,本文设计的系统可以充分应用于无人值守的环境监测领域。
Abstract
ou dan ran liao ju you chang ji qian zai wei hai ,shi yi chong nan jiang jie de dian xing wu ran wu ,ji mo hai hua chu li yi zhi shou dao ren men de chong shi 。jia ji cheng shi yin ran fei shui zhong zui ju dai biao xing de ou dan ran liao zhi yi ,jiang ji zuo wei dian xing wu ran wu jin hang yan jiu ,dui ji ta ran liao de jiang jie xing neng yan jiu ju you pu bian de can kao jia zhi 。wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi (Microbial Fuel Cell,MFC),zuo wei yi chong xin xing de chu li fei shui de sheng wu dian hua xue ji shu ,ju you mo wu ran ,tong shi ke huo de qing jie neng yuan de te dian 。li yong gai ji shu ke yi jiang fei shui zhong de you ji wu de hua xue neng zhuai huan cheng dian neng ,zai jiang jie wu ran wu de tong shi jin hang neng liang hui shou ,yin ci ,gai ji shu ju bei huan bao he jie neng liang da chong yao te xing 。li yong wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi chu li han you ou dan ran liao jia ji cheng deng de fei shui shi yi zhi jing ji gao xiao de fang fa ,yin ci ju you shi fen chong yao de li lun jia zhi he gong cheng shi ji yi yi 。ben wen yi min na de ou fu han jia ji cheng de ou dan ran liao fei shui wei chu li dui xiang ,cai yong wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi ,tong guo yun yong wei sheng wu xue 、fen zi sheng wu xue he sheng wu hua xue shou duan ,shi xian jia ji cheng de gao xiao sheng wu tuo se 。yi di gao wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi de chan dian neng li 、jiang di fei shui chu li shi xiao hao de ju da dian neng wei ji ben chu fa dian ,wei le chong fen li yong wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi zai jia ji cheng tuo se jiang jie guo cheng zhong chan sheng de dian neng ,she ji le yi ji lie de neng liang shou ji dian lu ji tong ,bing li yong gai ji tong chu bu shi xian le wei mo xian chuan gan qi mo kuai di gong dian neng 。shi yan shi yong shuang shi wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi ,yi tan zhan wei dian ji cai liao ,jiang wu shui chu li an cai ji de huo xing wu ni jie chong dao bu tong pHzhi (3,5,7he 9)tiao jian xia de MFCyang ji zhong ,xun hua dui si chong bu tong suan jian du ju you nai shou neng li de you shi chan dian jun qun ,bi jiao wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi de qi dong shi jian 、chan dian zhou ji 、dian chi nei zu 、gong lv mi du qu xian 、CODqu chu lv ji ku lun xiao lv deng chan dian te xing 。fen xi bu tong pHtiao jian xia MFCyang ji nei de wei sheng wu qun la ji duo yang xing te dian 。yan jiu jie guo fa xian yang ji ye wei pH7de wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi nei zu zui xiao ,zui da shu chu gong lv mi du zui da ,chan dian xing neng zui hao ,zui kuo ge wei sheng wu sheng cun 。tong shi ,cong wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi yang ji dian ji tan zhan zhong fen li shai shua de dao liang zhu zai ya yang tiao jian ke yi gao xiao tuo se ou dan ran liao jia ji cheng de jun zhu ,tong guo bu tong jian ce shou duan yan jiu liang zhu jun de sheng li sheng hua te xing 、bu tong huan jing tiao jian (pH、yan du 、ran liao nong du )xia jun zhu dui jia ji cheng de tuo se xiao guo 、jiang jie tu jing yi ji jun zhu de dian hua xue huo xing 。jing sao miao dian jing guan cha he 16S rDNAxu lie bi dui fen xi hou ,liang zhu jun fen bie jian ding wei shao dong qiao an chun chan bao jun Sphingomonas paucimobilis SP.A,he fu shi ning meng suan gan jun Citrobacter-B C.B。jun zhu SP.Ahe C.Bke yong yu jia ji cheng ran liao fei shui de chu li 。jun zhu SP.Ahe C.Bbu jin neng gou you xiao tuo se jia ji cheng ,tong shi ju bei dian hua xue huo xing ,ke di gao MFCde chan dian gong lv shu chu 。jia ji cheng tuo se de yuan li shi you sheng wu jiang jie suo zhi ,ji jiang jie ji zhi shi fen zi zhong de fa se ji tuan ou dan jian fa sheng duan lie ,C6H6O2Sshi zui zhong chan wu 。jiang liang zhu jun ji hun ge jun dui jia ji cheng jin hang tuo se tong bu chan dian ,dui bi shi yan jie guo fa xian ,tong deng tiao jian xia jun zhu C.Bdui jia ji cheng de tuo se lv zui gao ,ke da 96.32%,chan dian neng li ye zui jiang ;hun ge jun ji ci ,jun zhu SP.Azui ci 。shui ming jun zhu C.Bke zuo wei tong bu tuo se gao nong du jia ji cheng he chan dian de you shi jun zhu 。wei le you xiao li yong wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi chan sheng de dian neng ,shi yan she ji le yi ji lie de neng liang shou ji dian lu ji tong 。zhen dui chan ge wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi shu chu dian ya he gong lv hen di de te xing ,she ji le yi chong neng gou zai 0.3Vshu ru dian ya 、0.5 mAshu ru dian liu de qing kuang xia zheng chang gong zuo de neng liang shou ji dian lu ,gai dian lu li yong dian he beng kong zhi kai guan ,zhou ji xing rang chu neng chao ji dian rong jin hang chong fang dian ,yi ci jian xie xing qu dong chuan gan qi fu zai 。ci wai ,shi yan dui bi le dai fu fan kui hui lu he bu dai fu fan kui hui lu de liang chong fang an ,neng gou dian liang tong yi ge LEDde shi jian fen bie wei 3.76 minhe 3.63 min,zheng ming le dai fu fan kui hui lu de ji tong neng gou geng you xiao de li yong wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi chan sheng de neng liang 。dui yu zhi jie jiang duo ge wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi chuan lian hou yin fa de ji xing fan zhuai wen ti 。shi yan she ji le yi chong jiang dian chi chuan lian zhuai hua wei dian rong chuan lian de fang an ,bing da jian le xiang ying de dian lu he ji tong jin hang ce shi 、yan zheng 。ci wai ,wei le kuo ying shi ji de ying yong huan jing ,jie jue ji yu shi xu kong zhi dian lu ji tong bu xian fu za de wen ti ,she ji le ji yu zi dong kong zhi yuan li de neng liang shou ji dian lu 。shi yan jie guo biao ming ,liang chong chuan lian wei sheng wu ran liao dian chi neng liang guan li ji tong jun neng gou you xiao shou ji dian neng ,tong shi du jue huo jiang di fan zhuai xian xiang dui shu chu dian ya ji shu chu gong lv de po huai xing ying xiang 。zui hou ,jiang she ji de neng liang guan li ji tong yong yu mo xian chuan gan qi ji tong zhong ,zuo wei zhi neng chuan gan qi de gong dian dian yuan 。shi yan she ji le ji yu shang shu neng liang guan li ji tong qu dong de mo xian wen shi du chuan gan qi de shou fa ying jian dian lu 、chuan gan qi shu ju cai ji cheng xu he shu ju chuan shu cheng xu 。shi yan jie guo biao ming ,ben wen she ji de ji tong ke yi chong fen ying yong yu mo ren zhi shou de huan jing jian ce ling yu 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自哈尔滨工业大学的郑琦,发表于刊物哈尔滨工业大学2019-12-07论文,是一篇关于微生物燃料电池论文,甲基橙论文,脱色途径论文,能量收集论文,电路系统论文,哈尔滨工业大学2019-12-07论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自哈尔滨工业大学2019-12-07论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:微生物燃料电池论文; 甲基橙论文; 脱色途径论文; 能量收集论文; 电路系统论文; 哈尔滨工业大学2019-12-07论文;