从操控理论谈儿童文学翻译 ——以赵元任的中译本《阿丽思漫游奇境记》为例

论文摘要

本文从美国翻译理论家安德烈·勒菲费尔的操控理论出发,分析了儿童文学翻译中的操控现象,指出文学外因素,特别是意识形态对翻译实践的影响,并以赵元任的中译本《阿丽思漫游奇境记》为例,具体分析了意识形态因素对译者翻译实践的操控。作为操控学派代表人物之一,勒菲费尔认为不应该把文学翻译仅仅看作是语词转换或是引进新的文学形式,翻译还应该研究意识形态是如何影响译者,如何决定译者的策略等问题。意识形态对文学翻译的操控涉及翻译选材、具体策略选择甚至是译本的接受等方面。其中,意识形态对译者的操控尤为显著,它包括被动操控和主动操控两个方面:被动操控涉及译者的社会性,主动操控则涉及译者的个体性。儿童文学的特殊性在于其作者、译者、编者等参与者都是成人,而读者却是儿童。因此,成人译者在翻译儿童文学时不可避免地将译语文化中的主流意识形态和他个人的意识形态带入翻译中。本文以赵元任的中译本《阿丽思漫游奇境记》作为个案,试图从赵元任的翻译策略背后找出具体的操控因素。首先,从“五四”新文化运动的背景出发,分析白话文运动等众多社会文化因素对儿童文学翻译产生的影响;其次,从译者的个体性出发,一方面讨论赵元任作为文化建构者在推动“五四”汉语文化改革中所受到的外部意识形态的影响;另一方面分析儿童本位的儿童观和儿童文学观对其所采取的具体翻译策略和方法的影响。本文在肯定勒菲费尔的操控理论的同时,拓宽了其适用范围,认为儿童文学翻译如成人文学翻译一样不可避免地受到意识形态因素的操控。这种意识形态主要体现为儿童观及儿童文学观。本文力图为儿童文学翻译研究提供新的视角以期引起研究者对儿童文学翻译这一特殊文体翻译的重视。

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• 摘要
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Purpose and Significance of the Research
• 1.2 Research Methodology and Thesis Arrangements
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 An Overview of the Research on Ideology and Translation
• 2.1.1 Relevant Studies Abroad
• 2.1.2 Relevant Studies at Home
• 2.2 An Overview of the Research on Children's Literature Translation
• 2.2.1 Relevant Studies Abroad
• 2.2.2 Relevant Studies at Home
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Foundation
• 3.1 Manipulation in Literary Translation
• 3.1.1 The Manipulation School
• 3.1.2 Lefevere's Manipulation Theory
• 3.1.3 The Manipulative Factors
• 3.2 Ideology Studied
• 3.2.1 Origin and Development of the Term
• 3.2.2 Assessing the Notion of Ideology in Lefevere's Theory
• 3.2.3 Ideology Understood in the Present Study
• 3.2.4 Ideology and Translation
• 3.2.4.1 Ideology and Passive Manipulation
• 3.2.4.2 Ideology and Active Manipulation
• 3.3 Summary
• Chapter 4 Manipulation in Children's Literature Translation
• 4.1 Definitions and Characteristics of Children's Literature
• 4.1.1 Children's Literature and Its Translation
• 4.1.2 The Characteristics of Children's Literature
• 4.1.2.1 By Adult and for Children
• 4.1.2.2 Dual Audience
• 4.1.2.3 The Peripheral Status in Literary Polysystem
• 4.2 The Major Ideological Factors Manipulating Children's Literature Translation in China
• 4.2.1 Views on Children
• 4.2.2 Views on Children's Literature
• 4.3 Influence of Ideology on Children's Literature Translation
• 4.3.1 Ideological Interference in Text Selection
• 4.3.2 Ideological Interference on Translation Strategy
• 4.4 Summary
• Chapter 5 A Case Study on Zhao Yuanren's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
• 5.1 About Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Zhao Yuanren's Version
• 5.2 Social Background in Zhao Yuanren's Time
• 5.2.1 Macro ideological Climate Manipulating Zhao Yuanren's Translation
• 5.2.1.1 Collective Views on Language Reform
• 5.2.1.2 Collective Views on Children and Their Literature
• 5.2.2 Ideology of the Patronage
• 5.2.2.1 The Role of Hu Shi
• 5.2.2.2 The Role of Commercial Press
• 5.2.3 Ideology of the Translator
• 5.2.3.1 Zhao Yuanren's View on Language Reform
• 5.2.3.2 Zhao Yuanren's View on Children and Their Literature
• 5.2.4 Ideological Characteristics of Child Readers
• 5.3 An Analysis of Ideological Manipulation Reflected in Zhao Yuanren's Translation
• 5.3.1 Translating for Language Reform and Unification
• 5.3.1.1 The Use of Peking Dialect
• 5.3.1.2 The Use of Zhuyin Letter
• 5.3.1.3 The Use of Load-words & Coinages
• 5.3.2 Translating for Children
• 5.3.2.1 Manipulation on the Lexical Level
• 5.3.2.2 Manipulation on the Syntactical Level
• 5.3.2.3 Manipulation on the Phonological Level
• 5.3.2.4 Manipulation on the Rhetorical Level
• 5.3.2.5 Manipulation on the Visual Level
• 5.3.2.6 Manipulation on the Cultural Level
• 5.4 Summary
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• 6.1 Major Findings
• 6.1.1 Theoretical Implications
• 6.1.2 Practical Implications
• 6.2 Limitations and Recommendations
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
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