从“补缺假说”看跨文化语用失误

论文摘要

本文以王初明教授提出的“补缺假说”为理论切入点,提出跨文化语用失误是由于外语学习者内部母语文化语境和外部英语交流语境匹配错误而造成的结果。论文又从文化语境的角度,采用描述性的研究方法调查并探讨了在口语和翻译两种交流方式中出现的跨文化语用失误,分析其出现的原因,最终得出结论:学习者在外语交流过程中由于对母语与第二语言文化差异的敏感性较弱,同时在语言学习过程中缺乏与语言知识匹配的正确语境知识使其内部母语文化语境产生负迁移,进而出现跨文化语用失误的现象,从而导致交际的失败。此外,本论文还针对学生在跨文化交际中的薄弱环节,从理论根源和认知结构两方面就中英文化的差异进行了较为深入的比较,借以提高学生对文化差异的敏感性,为有效地提高英语教学和学习质量提供了有关文化输入和语境结合方面的建议,以期在教学和学习的伊始,语言知识就能够和正确的语境知识相结合,从而避免内部母语文化语境知识对外部交流语境的错误补缺。

论文目录

• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 The Purpose of the Thesis
• 1.2 The Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 Pragmatic Failure
• 2.1.1 The Definition of Pragmatic Failure
• 2.1.2 The Definition of Pragmalinguistic Failure
• 2.1.3 The Definition of Sociopragmatic Failure
• 2.1.4 The Supplementary Categories of Pragmatic Failures
• 2.2 Pragmatic Transfer
• 2.2.1 Interlanguage Pragmatics
• 2.2.2 Language Transfer
• 2.2.3 Pragmatic Transfer
• 2.3 The "Compensation Hypothesis"
• 2.3.1 The Two Paradoxes
• 2.3.2 External and Internal Context
• 2.3.3 The Compensation Hypothesis
• 2.3.4 Language Transfer Analysis in terms of the Compensation Hypothesis
• 2.4 Context of Culture
• 2.4.1 The Definition of Context
• 2.4.2 The Categories of context
• 2.4.3 Context of culture
• 2.5 Other Studies Concerned
• Chapter Three The Research Method
• 3.1 Hypothesis
• 3.2 Subjects
• 3.3 Instruments and Procedures
• 3.3.1 Testing Paper
• 3.3.2 Open Observation
• 3.4 Procedures for Data-Collection
• 3.5 Data-Analysis of Tesing Results
• Chapter Four Analyses on Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Failures
• 4.1 Cross-cultural Pragmatic Failures in Oral Communication
• 4.1.1 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Introduction and Greeting
• 4.1.2 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Addressing
• 4.1.3 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Inquiry and Request
• 4.1.4 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Invitation and Accepting Invitation
• 4.1.5 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Gratitude
• 4.1.6 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Complimentary
• 4.1.7 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Expressing Concern
• 4.1.8 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Refusal
• 4.1.9 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Telephone Talk
• 4.1.10 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Non-verbal Communication
• 4.2 Cross-cultural Pragmatic Failures in Translation
• 4.2.1 Pragmatic Failures in Vocabulary
• 4.2.2 Pragmatic Failures in Grammar
• 4.2.3 Pragmatic Failures in Coherence
• 4.3 Conclusion
• Chapter Five Discussion on Reasons Leading to IC Pragmatic Failures
• 5.1 Analyses on IC Pragmatic Failures from the Perspective of the Four Theories
• 5.1.1 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Compensation Hypothesis
• 5.1.2 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Speech Act Theory
• 5.1.3 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Cooperative Principles
• 5.1.4 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Politeness Principles
• 5.2 Analyses on IC Pragmatic Failures from the Perspective of Cognitive Schema
• 5.2.1 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Value System
• 5.2.2 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Conceptual System
• 5.2.3 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Thought Pattern
• 5.2.4 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Face System
• 5.2.5 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Cultural Tradition
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• 6.1 Implications in L2 Learning and Teaching
• 6.1.1 Implications in Acculturation
• 6.1.2 Implications in Context-Based Approach
• 6.2 Limitations
• 6.3 Recommendations
• Bibliography
• Appendix Ⅰ
• Appendix Ⅱ
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