英语谚语的语义研究

论文摘要

谚语是语言中的精华,是人类智慧的结晶。它是熟语的一种,是流传于民间的比较简练而且言简意赅的言语形式。多数反映了劳动人民的生活实践经验,而且一般都是经过口头传下来的。谚语对于人民的生活起着指导作用。本文首先介绍了作者的写作意图及意义,并且陈述了国内外有关英语谚语的研究。指出这些研究主要致力于探讨英语谚语的文化特点,词汇特点,句法特点,和语义特点。但是对于谚语、语法以及语义这三者的综合性研究,即有关谚语的句法语义研究却比较少。因此本文希望从句法语义的综合角度来分析谚语的语义内涵。作为语言学的两个分支,句法结构能够表达谚语的形式意义,语言意义构成了谚语的意义内容,他们最后在谚语的使用中得到了统一。本文通过对4种单句英语谚语和4种复句英语谚语在句法及语义中的不同特点来分析英语谚语。从句法结构中我们可以看出,英语谚语的意义是通过相对稳定的句法结构来表现的,而某些特定的句法结构也突显着谚语特定的情景内容。从语义结构中我们可以看出,单句型谚语的语义结构同句子的语义结构相差无几,复句型谚语的语义结构则明显不同。此外文章还对英语谚语的语义属性进行了阐述。以上的分析将会有助于英语教学,而且可能为机器翻译提供某种新的思路。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Contents
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 The Aim of the Study
• 1.2 The Structures of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Reviews
• 2.1 The Definition of the Proverbs
• 2.1.1 Definitions of Proverbs at Home and Abroad
• 2.1.2 Differences
• 2.1.3 Some Features of English Proverbs
• 2.2 Previews Study at Home and Abroad
• 2.2.1 Domestic Study of Proverb
• 2.2.2 Relevant Studies Abroad
• Chapter Three The Sources and Functions of English Proverbs
• 3.1 The Sources of English Proverbs
• 3.1.1 Originating from Folk Life
• 3.1.2 Originating from Religion
• 3.1.3 Originating from Literary Works
• 3.1.4 Originating from Greek and Roman Mythology
• 3.1.5 Originating from Other Languages
• 3.1.6 Originating from Famous Writers' Wisdom
• 3.2 The Functions of English Proverbs
• 3.2.1 The Function to Advise
• 3.2.2 The Function to Spread Experiences and Knowledges
• Chapter Four Syntactic Structure Features of English Proverbs
• 4.1 The Syntactic Structures of Simple Sentences of English Proverbs
• 4.1.1 Declarative Sentences of English Proverbs
• 4.1.2 Interrogative Sentences of English Proverbs
• 4.1.3 Imperative Sentences of English Proverbs
• 4.1.4 Exclamatory Sentences of English Proverbs
• 4.2 The Syntactic Structure of Complex Sentences of English Proverbs
• 4.2.1 Subordinate Clauses of English Proverbs
• 4.2.2 Compound Sentences of English Proverbs
• 4.2.3 No Conjunctions Complex Sentences of English Proverbs
• 4.3 Some Special Syntactic Structures of English Proverbs
• Chapter Five Semantic Structure Features of English Proverbs
• 5.1 Relevant Theories
• 5.1.1 Sentence Meaning
• 5.1.2 Syntax-Semantic Interface
• 5.1.3 Analysis of Meaning-Predication Analysis
• 5.1.4 Predicate Classes
• 5.2 Analysis of Proverbs' Meaning
• 5.2.1 Simple Sentences
• 5.2.2 Complex Sentenes
• Chapter Six Semantic Attribution of English Proverbs
• 6.1 Theme and Rheme
• 6.2 Modality
• 6.3 Sentences Relationship of English Proverbs
• 6.3.1 Synonymous Relation of English Proverbs
• 6.3.2 Antonymous Relation of English Proverbs
• Chapter Seven Conclusion
• 7.1 Some Suggestions for English Teaching and Translation
• 7.2 Conclusion of the Thesis
• Bibliography
• Appendix
• Acknowledgements