视域融合视角下的翻译主体间性

论文摘要

近年来,随着哲学研究从主体性向主体间性的转向,翻译研究也逐渐实现了从主体性向主体间性的转向。翻译是原作者、译者和读者等三个翻译主体之间的一种时空错位的交流,其交流的结果形成了一个共在的自我。按照迦达默尔的观点,翻译是以对被表达的东西含义的理解为前提,以完全陌生的语言将他人意指的东西重新用语言表达出来,那么翻译的过程涉及了作者、译者和读者三个平等主体。翻译的前提是理解,而理解并不是个人的主观行为。理解是将自己置身于传统的一个过程,正是在这一过程中,过去和现在不断的融合。所以,任何一个理解者,都不可避免的处于传统之中,正是传统将理解和理解对象联系在了一起。因而,翻译过程中主体间的交流就是译者首先理解作者意图,然后用另一种语言将他所理解的作者意图向读者表达出来的过程。作者的意图、译者的理解与表达,读者的期待,这三者形成的和谐关系,便是迦达默尔在阐释观中的“视域融合”。指解释者的历史理解不可能是不偏不倚,客观公正的,他对过去的理解总是包含着自己对当前情况的理解。然而,解释者的视域又不是凝固不变而是动态开放的,当前的视域可以扩大到包容过去的视域。这样便构成一个新的更广阔的视域。本篇论文主体部分分为三章。第一章,首先介绍了翻译主体间性和视域融合这两个概念。文中所说的主体间性指的是原作者、译者和读者之间的关系,视域融合也是指这三者视域的融合,是翻译主体间性实现的途径;第二章,介绍了原作者、译者和译文读者视域融合的途径。通过对翻译过程的分析,对话是实现主体间视域融合的有效并且可行的途径。通过对话,主体间的文化差异、意识形态差异和伦理差异被克服,从而实现视域融合;第三章则从视域融合的角度探讨了翻译主体间性的具体表现。作者和译者的视域融合主要表现在译者对原作的反复阅读,对作者、作品所属时代的社会、文化、风俗以及作者的生活观念和语言风格的透彻了解上。而译者和读者的视域融合则主要体现在译者通过进入读者视域决定翻译策略,选择语言风格并且填补被原文作者和读者所知而对于译文读者扑朔迷离的异域文化的缺省。最后,文章得出以下结论:翻译各主体通过对话,进行跨时间、跨空间的交流,实现理解;主体间对话的成功实现,便是译者进入文本和作者、读者的视域相融合的过程。视域融合就是翻译主体之间交流对话的有效实现。

论文目录

• Descriptive Chinese Abstract
• English Abstract
• Introduction
• 0.1 Significance of the Research on Translation Intersubjectivity from the Perspective of Fusion of Horizons
• 0.2 Literature Review of Translation Intersubjectivity
• 0.2.1 Twilight of Subjectivity
• 0.2.2 Emergence of Intersubjectivity
• 0.2.3 Studies on Translation Intersubjectivity
• 0.3 Research Questions and Objectivities
• 0.4 Methodology and Arrangement of Content
• CHAPTER 1 Theoretical Framework of Translation Intersubjectivity
• 1.1 Subjects in Translation
• 1.2 The Intersubjectivity in Translation
• 1.2.1 The Intersubjective Relationship between the Translator and the Source Text Author
• 1.2.2 The Intersubjective Relationship between the Translator and the Target Text Reader
• 1.2.3 The Intersubjective Relationship between the Source Text Author,the Translator and the Target Text Reader
• 1.3 Fusion of Horizons in Translation
• 1.3.1 Definition of Fusion of Horizons
• 1.3.2 Discrepancy in the Fusion of Horizons
• 1.3.3 The Application of Fusion of Horizons to Translation
• CHAPTER 2: Channel for the Fusion of Horizons of the Translation Subjects
• 2.1 Overview
• 2.2 Conversation in Gadamer’s Sense and Conversations between the Translation Subjects Involved
• 2.2.1 Conversation and Its Influence upon Translation
• 2.2.2 The Conversation between the Translator and the Source Text Author
• 2.2.3 The Conversation between the Translator and the Target Text Reader
• 2.3 Bridging the Gaps to Realize the Fusion of Their Horizons through Conversation
• 2.3.1 Cultural Gap
• 2.3.2 Ideological Gap
• 2.3.3 Ethical Gap
• CHAPTER 3 Manifestation of Translation Intersubjectivity
• 3.1 Fusion of the Horizons of the Author and the Translator
• 3.1.1 Description of the Fusion of Horizons of the Author and the Translator
• 3.1.2 Ways to Achieve the Fusion of Horizons of the Author and the Translator
• 3.1.3 The Translator’s Adjustment of Horizons
• 3.2 Fusion of the Horizons of the Reader and the Translator
• 3.2.1 Description of the Fusion of Horizons of the Reader and the Translator
• 3.2.2 Ways to Achieve the Fusion of Horizons of the Author and the Translator
• 3.3 Fusion of the Horizons of the Author, Translator and Reader
• Conclusion
• Appendix A: Publications during the Program
• Appendix B: Informative Chinese Abstract
• References
• Acknowledgements