本文主要研究内容
作者徐鹏(2019)在《利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术定向改良水稻稻瘟病抗性》一文中研究指出:水稻作为世界上食用人口最多的农作物,其产量每年都会因稻瘟病的流行而减产。目前,控制稻瘟病爆发的有效策略就是使用抗性品种。近年来,CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术的诞生解决了传统育种过程中育种年限及连锁累赘等问题,为作物遗传改良提供了新的育种平台。本研究利用CRISPR/Cas9系统对水稻Pita,Pi21和ERF922稻瘟病相关基因进行定点编辑,以期获得能够稳定遗传的抗抗稻瘟病水稻材料。本研究主要结果如下:1.Pi21基因是在隐性状态下发挥对稻瘟病菌的抗性,而ERF922则负调控稻瘟病菌的抗性,Pita对稻瘟病的抗感差异是由于第918位氨基酸位点的变化而引起。我们选择3个基因的第一外显子靠近ATG附近的序列作为靶序列构建共编辑载体pC1300-2×35S::Cas9-gPita-gPi21-gERF922,用农杆菌转化长粒粳稻恢复系L1014。在T0代转基因阳性株中,Pita,Pi21和ERF922三个基因发生突变的频率分别为75%,85%和75%,Pita发生突变的基因型多为双等位突变(47.1%),其次,纯合基因型的频率为41.2%,无杂合基因型的出现,但有2株阳性苗在Pita靶点处未发生突变(11.7%),在基因突变类型中有73.5%是碱基的插入,14.7%为碱基的缺失,有11.8%的频率是碱基未发生改变;Pi21突变基因型的情况与Pita类似,双等位突变频率为58.8%,其次纯合基因型频率为35.3%,而杂合基因型频率为5.9%,但基因突变类型以碱基缺失为主,频率高达85.3%,另外,有8.8%、2.9%和2.9%分别为碱基插入、替换和无突变的类型;ERF922的突变类型较为丰富,包括碱基的插入、缺失、替换及替换缺失同时发生这四种类型,其中碱基缺失频率最大(50%)。通过农杆菌将Pita、Pi21和ERF922三基因共转化长粒粳稻恢复系L1014,随着Pi21和ERF922的突变Pita往往也发生突变,三基因的诱导事件趋向于同时发生突变,因此,该转化实验中只出现Pi21的单突基因型和Pita、Pi21和ERF922的三突基因型。通过对T1代分离群体的筛选,得到了2种Pi21单基因突变和1种Pita Pi21和ERF922三基因突变不含T-DNA成分的纯合突变株系,并以此分别构建3个T2代纯合突变系群体(D2101、D2102和D0301)。2.对三种纯合突变株系的苗期进行稻瘟菌接种鉴定,并在接种后0 h、12 h、24 h分别取样。结果表明,纯合突变株系的抗性相比于野生有显著的提高。对接种后的纯合株系和野生型的防卫相关基因的表达量进行分析,相较于野生型,突变株系增强了水杨酸,茉莉酸和乙烯的信号转导途径相关基因的表达,因此,我们推测这些防御相关基因的高表达增强了突变株系对稻瘟病的抗性。同时对纯合突变株系的主要农艺性状进行考察,其株高、剑叶长、剑叶宽、穗长、有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率及千粒重与野生型无明显的差异。利用CRISPR/Cas9技术获得了能够稳定遗传和具有一定稻瘟病抗性的纯合突变株系,为水稻稻瘟病抗性改良提供了良好的材料。
Abstract
shui dao zuo wei shi jie shang shi yong ren kou zui duo de nong zuo wu ,ji chan liang mei nian dou hui yin dao wen bing de liu hang er jian chan 。mu qian ,kong zhi dao wen bing bao fa de you xiao ce lve jiu shi shi yong kang xing pin chong 。jin nian lai ,CRISPR/Cas9ji yin bian ji ji shu de dan sheng jie jue le chuan tong yo chong guo cheng zhong yo chong nian xian ji lian suo lei zhui deng wen ti ,wei zuo wu wei chuan gai liang di gong le xin de yo chong ping tai 。ben yan jiu li yong CRISPR/Cas9ji tong dui shui dao Pita,Pi21he ERF922dao wen bing xiang guan ji yin jin hang ding dian bian ji ,yi ji huo de neng gou wen ding wei chuan de kang kang dao wen bing shui dao cai liao 。ben yan jiu zhu yao jie guo ru xia :1.Pi21ji yin shi zai yin xing zhuang tai xia fa hui dui dao wen bing jun de kang xing ,er ERF922ze fu diao kong dao wen bing jun de kang xing ,Pitadui dao wen bing de kang gan cha yi shi you yu di 918wei an ji suan wei dian de bian hua er yin qi 。wo men shua ze 3ge ji yin de di yi wai xian zi kao jin ATGfu jin de xu lie zuo wei ba xu lie gou jian gong bian ji zai ti pC1300-2×35S::Cas9-gPita-gPi21-gERF922,yong nong gan jun zhuai hua chang li jing dao hui fu ji L1014。zai T0dai zhuai ji yin yang xing zhu zhong ,Pita,Pi21he ERF922san ge ji yin fa sheng tu bian de pin lv fen bie wei 75%,85%he 75%,Pitafa sheng tu bian de ji yin xing duo wei shuang deng wei tu bian (47.1%),ji ci ,chun ge ji yin xing de pin lv wei 41.2%,mo za ge ji yin xing de chu xian ,dan you 2zhu yang xing miao zai Pitaba dian chu wei fa sheng tu bian (11.7%),zai ji yin tu bian lei xing zhong you 73.5%shi jian ji de cha ru ,14.7%wei jian ji de que shi ,you 11.8%de pin lv shi jian ji wei fa sheng gai bian ;Pi21tu bian ji yin xing de qing kuang yu Pitalei shi ,shuang deng wei tu bian pin lv wei 58.8%,ji ci chun ge ji yin xing pin lv wei 35.3%,er za ge ji yin xing pin lv wei 5.9%,dan ji yin tu bian lei xing yi jian ji que shi wei zhu ,pin lv gao da 85.3%,ling wai ,you 8.8%、2.9%he 2.9%fen bie wei jian ji cha ru 、ti huan he mo tu bian de lei xing ;ERF922de tu bian lei xing jiao wei feng fu ,bao gua jian ji de cha ru 、que shi 、ti huan ji ti huan que shi tong shi fa sheng zhe si chong lei xing ,ji zhong jian ji que shi pin lv zui da (50%)。tong guo nong gan jun jiang Pita、Pi21he ERF922san ji yin gong zhuai hua chang li jing dao hui fu ji L1014,sui zhao Pi21he ERF922de tu bian Pitawang wang ye fa sheng tu bian ,san ji yin de you dao shi jian qu xiang yu tong shi fa sheng tu bian ,yin ci ,gai zhuai hua shi yan zhong zhi chu xian Pi21de chan tu ji yin xing he Pita、Pi21he ERF922de san tu ji yin xing 。tong guo dui T1dai fen li qun ti de shai shua ,de dao le 2chong Pi21chan ji yin tu bian he 1chong Pita Pi21he ERF922san ji yin tu bian bu han T-DNAcheng fen de chun ge tu bian zhu ji ,bing yi ci fen bie gou jian 3ge T2dai chun ge tu bian ji qun ti (D2101、D2102he D0301)。2.dui san chong chun ge tu bian zhu ji de miao ji jin hang dao wen jun jie chong jian ding ,bing zai jie chong hou 0 h、12 h、24 hfen bie qu yang 。jie guo biao ming ,chun ge tu bian zhu ji de kang xing xiang bi yu ye sheng you xian zhe de di gao 。dui jie chong hou de chun ge zhu ji he ye sheng xing de fang wei xiang guan ji yin de biao da liang jin hang fen xi ,xiang jiao yu ye sheng xing ,tu bian zhu ji zeng jiang le shui yang suan ,mo li suan he yi xi de xin hao zhuai dao tu jing xiang guan ji yin de biao da ,yin ci ,wo men tui ce zhe xie fang yu xiang guan ji yin de gao biao da zeng jiang le tu bian zhu ji dui dao wen bing de kang xing 。tong shi dui chun ge tu bian zhu ji de zhu yao nong yi xing zhuang jin hang kao cha ,ji zhu gao 、jian xie chang 、jian xie kuan 、sui chang 、you xiao sui shu 、mei sui li shu 、jie shi lv ji qian li chong yu ye sheng xing mo ming xian de cha yi 。li yong CRISPR/Cas9ji shu huo de le neng gou wen ding wei chuan he ju you yi ding dao wen bing kang xing de chun ge tu bian zhu ji ,wei shui dao dao wen bing kang xing gai liang di gong le liang hao de cai liao 。
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论文作者分别是来自中国农业科学院的徐鹏,发表于刊物中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文,是一篇关于水稻论文,中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自中国农业科学院2019-07-05论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
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