本文主要研究内容
作者许芳宁（2019）在《硫辛酸对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长、抗氧化能力及脂代谢影响的初步研究》一文中研究指出：罗非鱼被认为是可替代海洋优质鱼类的“白色三文鱼”。它因生长迅速、抗病力强等诸多优点,而成为全球第二重要的水产养殖鱼种,市场需求量巨大。同时,又因其全基因组信息明确而成为良好的鱼类研究模型。对于罗非鱼的养殖来说,为其生长发育提供高效环保型饲料无疑是一个重要的部分。为了提高鱼类对饲料蛋白质的利用效率,降低氮、磷排泄对水环境的污染,生产中广泛使用高脂肪饲料以节约饲料蛋白质。然而,饲料中脂肪含量偏高往往会造成鱼体的脂质过度积累,引发多种代谢疾病,危害机体的生长与健康。硫辛酸作为一种具强抗氧化性能的功能性物质,它参与调节机体的能量代谢,能减少动物体内的甘油三酯积累,缓解机体的氧化应激。本文以吉富罗非鱼为研究对象,探讨了不同脂肪水平饲料与α-硫辛酸添加量对幼鱼生长、抗氧化能力与脂代谢的影响,研究了高脂肪饲料中α-硫辛酸的最适添加量,以及补充α-硫辛酸对节约饲料蛋白质的作用。研究结果可为今后深入研究和应用硫辛酸提供基础参考。主要研究结果和结论如下:1不同脂肪水平饲料中添加α-硫辛酸对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长、抗氧化能力及脂代谢的影响为探究不同饲料脂肪水平下α-硫辛酸对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的影响,本研究在脂肪含量为6%和12%的两种饲料中,分别添加0、600、1200 mg/kgα-硫辛酸(分别标记为L6-0,L6-600,L6-1200;L12-0,L12-600,L12-1200),制成六组等氮饲料。试验选取初始体重为9.56±0.06 g的幼鱼,进行为期八周的饲养实验,结果显示:L12-600组鱼的增重率(WG)显著高于L12-0组;L12-600组鱼的饲料系数(FCR)显著低于L12-0组;L12-600与L12-1200组鱼的肝体比(HSI)与脂体比(IPF)均显著低于L12-0组;L12-1200组鱼的全鱼粗脂肪含量显著低于L12-0组。L12-600组鱼肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量均显著高于L12-0组;L12-600组鱼血清与肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活性均显著高于L12-0组;同时,L12-600组鱼肝脏与血清中丙二醛(MDA)的含量均显著低于L12-0组。L12-1200组鱼肝脏中甘油三酯(TG)含量显著低于L12-0组。与L12-0组相比,L12-600与L12-1200组鱼肝脏中甘油三酯脂肪酶(ATGL)基因的表达显著上调;L12-1200组鱼二酰甘油酰基转移酶2(DGAT2)基因的表达则显著下调;L12-600组鱼肝型脂肪酸结合蛋白(L-FABP)与酰基辅酶A氧化酶(ACO)基因的表达显著上调。以上结果表明,饲料中适量添加α-硫辛酸能够促进吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的生长、提高鱼体的抗氧化性能;并能够促进甘油三酯分解代谢,抑制甘油三酯合成,从而降低了全鱼与肝脏的脂肪沉积。2高脂饲料中添加不同浓度α-硫辛酸对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长、抗氧化能力与脂代谢的影响在罗非鱼的养殖中,脂肪作为饲料中非蛋白能量替代物受到广泛关注,而高脂饲料的不当使用也诱发了如脂质代谢异常,脂肪肝和不耐受应激等诸多问题。针对这一问题,本试验在12%高脂饲料中添加不同剂量的α-硫辛酸,探讨了α-硫辛酸对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长、抗氧化性能与脂代谢的影响和最适添加量。在基础饲料中添加六种不同浓度的α-硫辛酸制作试验饲料,添加量分别为0 mg/kg(L0,对照组),300 mg/kg(L300),600 mg/kg(L600),900 mg/kg(L900),1200 mg/kg(L1200)和2400 mg/kg(L2400)。用实验饲料饲喂初始体重为0.48±0.01 g的幼鱼八周后发现,L300组鱼的WG显著高于其他实验组;L2400组鱼的IPF与全鱼粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组;与对照组相比,L300组鱼血清与肝脏中SOD与GSH-PX的活性均显著升高,L300组鱼血清与肝脏中GSH的含量也显著增加;L300组鱼血清与肝脏中MDA的含量均显著低于对照组。与对照组相比,L2400组鱼脂肪组织中ATGL基因的表达显著上调,DGAT2基因的表达显著下调;L300与L600组鱼肝脏中L-FABP基因的表达显著高于对照组;L300、L600、L900与L1200组鱼肝脏中ACO基因的表达显著高于对照组。多项式回归分析得出,吉富罗非鱼幼鱼高脂饲料中α-硫辛酸的最适添加量为439-528 mg/kg,该剂量下鱼体能获得最佳生长性能,也能通过加速脂质分解代谢和减少脂质合成发挥最佳抗氧化性能。3不同蛋脂比饲料中添加α-硫辛酸对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长、体成分与消化酶活性的影响为探究不同蛋脂比饲料中添加α-硫辛酸对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、体成分与消化酶活性的影响,本研究配制了五种等能饲料,包括三个蛋脂比水平(34/6,30/8,26/10)和两个α-硫辛酸添加水平(0和300 mg/kg)。其中蛋脂比为34/6且不添加α-硫辛酸的饲料作为对照组(D0);蛋脂比为30/8与26/10、添加0和300 mg/kgα-硫辛酸的饲料分别标记为D1、D2、D3和D4组。将525尾初重为0.86±0.01 g的吉富罗非鱼苗随机分配至15个养殖水箱中(每组实验饲料设置三个平行),每天定量投喂幼鱼体重4%的饲料,实验养殖周期为八周。结果表明,与D0组相比,D3组鱼的终末体重(FBW)、WG与SGR显著降低,FCR显著升高;添加α-硫辛酸后,D4组鱼的FBW显著高于D3组,FCR显著低于D3组。D3组鱼的HSI和IPF显著高于D0和D1组;添加α-硫辛酸后,D4组鱼的HSI极显著低于D3组。随着饲料中蛋白质脂肪比值的降低,全鱼粗蛋白含量显著下降,粗脂肪含量显著上升;添加α-硫辛酸后,D4组全鱼粗脂肪含量显著低于D3组,D2组显著低于D1组。D3组鱼肝脏脂肪酶的活性显著低于D0和D1组;D1与D3组鱼肝脏淀粉酶活性显著低于D0组,D2组鱼淀粉酶活性显著高于D1组。以上研究表明,吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的生长、体成分与消化酶活性受不同饲料蛋脂比与α-硫辛酸添加的影响。蛋脂比为30/8的饲料中添加300 mg/kgα-硫辛酸能维持吉富罗非鱼幼鱼良好的生长性能,并有助于节约饲料蛋白质。
Abstract
luo fei yu bei ren wei shi ke ti dai hai xiang you zhi yu lei de “bai se san wen yu ”。ta yin sheng chang xun su 、kang bing li jiang deng zhu duo you dian ,er cheng wei quan qiu di er chong yao de shui chan yang shi yu chong ,shi chang xu qiu liang ju da 。tong shi ,you yin ji quan ji yin zu xin xi ming que er cheng wei liang hao de yu lei yan jiu mo xing 。dui yu luo fei yu de yang shi lai shui ,wei ji sheng chang fa yo di gong gao xiao huan bao xing si liao mo yi shi yi ge chong yao de bu fen 。wei le di gao yu lei dui si liao dan bai zhi de li yong xiao lv ,jiang di dan 、lin pai xie dui shui huan jing de wu ran ,sheng chan zhong an fan shi yong gao zhi fang si liao yi jie yao si liao dan bai zhi 。ran er ,si liao zhong zhi fang han liang pian gao wang wang hui zao cheng yu ti de zhi zhi guo du ji lei ,yin fa duo chong dai xie ji bing ,wei hai ji ti de sheng chang yu jian kang 。liu xin suan zuo wei yi chong ju jiang kang yang hua xing neng de gong neng xing wu zhi ,ta can yu diao jie ji ti de neng liang dai xie ,neng jian shao dong wu ti nei de gan you san zhi ji lei ,huan jie ji ti de yang hua ying ji 。ben wen yi ji fu luo fei yu wei yan jiu dui xiang ,tan tao le bu tong zhi fang shui ping si liao yu α-liu xin suan tian jia liang dui you yu sheng chang 、kang yang hua neng li yu zhi dai xie de ying xiang ,yan jiu le gao zhi fang si liao zhong α-liu xin suan de zui kuo tian jia liang ,yi ji bu chong α-liu xin suan dui jie yao si liao dan bai zhi de zuo yong 。yan jiu jie guo ke wei jin hou shen ru yan jiu he ying yong liu xin suan di gong ji chu can kao 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo he jie lun ru xia :1bu tong zhi fang shui ping si liao zhong tian jia α-liu xin suan dui ji fu luo fei yu you yu sheng chang 、kang yang hua neng li ji zhi dai xie de ying xiang wei tan jiu bu tong si liao zhi fang shui ping xia α-liu xin suan dui ji fu luo fei yu you yu de ying xiang ,ben yan jiu zai zhi fang han liang wei 6%he 12%de liang chong si liao zhong ,fen bie tian jia 0、600、1200 mg/kgα-liu xin suan (fen bie biao ji wei L6-0,L6-600,L6-1200;L12-0,L12-600,L12-1200),zhi cheng liu zu deng dan si liao 。shi yan shua qu chu shi ti chong wei 9.56±0.06 gde you yu ,jin hang wei ji ba zhou de si yang shi yan ,jie guo xian shi :L12-600zu yu de zeng chong lv (WG)xian zhe gao yu L12-0zu ;L12-600zu yu de si liao ji shu (FCR)xian zhe di yu L12-0zu ;L12-600yu L12-1200zu yu de gan ti bi (HSI)yu zhi ti bi (IPF)jun xian zhe di yu L12-0zu ;L12-1200zu yu de quan yu cu zhi fang han liang xian zhe di yu L12-0zu 。L12-600zu yu gan zang zhong chao yang hua wu qi hua mei (SOD)huo xing yu hai yuan xing gu guang gan tai (GSH)han liang jun xian zhe gao yu L12-0zu ;L12-600zu yu xie qing yu gan zang zhong gu guang gan tai guo yang hua wu mei (GSH-PX)de huo xing jun xian zhe gao yu L12-0zu ;tong shi ,L12-600zu yu gan zang yu xie qing zhong bing er quan (MDA)de han liang jun xian zhe di yu L12-0zu 。L12-1200zu yu gan zang zhong gan you san zhi (TG)han liang xian zhe di yu L12-0zu 。yu L12-0zu xiang bi ,L12-600yu L12-1200zu yu gan zang zhong gan you san zhi zhi fang mei (ATGL)ji yin de biao da xian zhe shang diao ;L12-1200zu yu er xian gan you xian ji zhuai yi mei 2(DGAT2)ji yin de biao da ze xian zhe xia diao ;L12-600zu yu gan xing zhi fang suan jie ge dan bai (L-FABP)yu xian ji fu mei Ayang hua mei (ACO)ji yin de biao da xian zhe shang diao 。yi shang jie guo biao ming ,si liao zhong kuo liang tian jia α-liu xin suan neng gou cu jin ji fu luo fei yu you yu de sheng chang 、di gao yu ti de kang yang hua xing neng ;bing neng gou cu jin gan you san zhi fen jie dai xie ,yi zhi gan you san zhi ge cheng ,cong er jiang di le quan yu yu gan zang de zhi fang chen ji 。2gao zhi si liao zhong tian jia bu tong nong du α-liu xin suan dui ji fu luo fei yu you yu sheng chang 、kang yang hua neng li yu zhi dai xie de ying xiang zai luo fei yu de yang shi zhong ,zhi fang zuo wei si liao zhong fei dan bai neng liang ti dai wu shou dao an fan guan zhu ,er gao zhi si liao de bu dang shi yong ye you fa le ru zhi zhi dai xie yi chang ,zhi fang gan he bu nai shou ying ji deng zhu duo wen ti 。zhen dui zhe yi wen ti ,ben shi yan zai 12%gao zhi si liao zhong tian jia bu tong ji liang de α-liu xin suan ,tan tao le α-liu xin suan dui ji fu luo fei yu you yu sheng chang 、kang yang hua xing neng yu zhi dai xie de ying xiang he zui kuo tian jia liang 。zai ji chu si liao zhong tian jia liu chong bu tong nong du de α-liu xin suan zhi zuo shi yan si liao ,tian jia liang fen bie wei 0 mg/kg(L0,dui zhao zu ),300 mg/kg(L300),600 mg/kg(L600),900 mg/kg(L900),1200 mg/kg(L1200)he 2400 mg/kg(L2400)。yong shi yan si liao si wei chu shi ti chong wei 0.48±0.01 gde you yu ba zhou hou fa xian ,L300zu yu de WGxian zhe gao yu ji ta shi yan zu ;L2400zu yu de IPFyu quan yu cu zhi fang han liang xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu ;yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,L300zu yu xie qing yu gan zang zhong SODyu GSH-PXde huo xing jun xian zhe sheng gao ,L300zu yu xie qing yu gan zang zhong GSHde han liang ye xian zhe zeng jia ;L300zu yu xie qing yu gan zang zhong MDAde han liang jun xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu 。yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,L2400zu yu zhi fang zu zhi zhong ATGLji yin de biao da xian zhe shang diao ,DGAT2ji yin de biao da xian zhe xia diao ;L300yu L600zu yu gan zang zhong L-FABPji yin de biao da xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu ;L300、L600、L900yu L1200zu yu gan zang zhong ACOji yin de biao da xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu 。duo xiang shi hui gui fen xi de chu ,ji fu luo fei yu you yu gao zhi si liao zhong α-liu xin suan de zui kuo tian jia liang wei 439-528 mg/kg,gai ji liang xia yu ti neng huo de zui jia sheng chang xing neng ,ye neng tong guo jia su zhi zhi fen jie dai xie he jian shao zhi zhi ge cheng fa hui zui jia kang yang hua xing neng 。3bu tong dan zhi bi si liao zhong tian jia α-liu xin suan dui ji fu luo fei yu you yu sheng chang 、ti cheng fen yu xiao hua mei huo xing de ying xiang wei tan jiu bu tong dan zhi bi si liao zhong tian jia α-liu xin suan dui ji fu luo fei yu you yu sheng chang xing neng 、ti cheng fen yu xiao hua mei huo xing de ying xiang ,ben yan jiu pei zhi le wu chong deng neng si liao ,bao gua san ge dan zhi bi shui ping (34/6,30/8,26/10)he liang ge α-liu xin suan tian jia shui ping (0he 300 mg/kg)。ji zhong dan zhi bi wei 34/6ju bu tian jia α-liu xin suan de si liao zuo wei dui zhao zu (D0);dan zhi bi wei 30/8yu 26/10、tian jia 0he 300 mg/kgα-liu xin suan de si liao fen bie biao ji wei D1、D2、D3he D4zu 。jiang 525wei chu chong wei 0.86±0.01 gde ji fu luo fei yu miao sui ji fen pei zhi 15ge yang shi shui xiang zhong (mei zu shi yan si liao she zhi san ge ping hang ),mei tian ding liang tou wei you yu ti chong 4%de si liao ,shi yan yang shi zhou ji wei ba zhou 。jie guo biao ming ,yu D0zu xiang bi ,D3zu yu de zhong mo ti chong (FBW)、WGyu SGRxian zhe jiang di ,FCRxian zhe sheng gao ;tian jia α-liu xin suan hou ,D4zu yu de FBWxian zhe gao yu D3zu ,FCRxian zhe di yu D3zu 。D3zu yu de HSIhe IPFxian zhe gao yu D0he D1zu ;tian jia α-liu xin suan hou ,D4zu yu de HSIji xian zhe di yu D3zu 。sui zhao si liao zhong dan bai zhi zhi fang bi zhi de jiang di ,quan yu cu dan bai han liang xian zhe xia jiang ,cu zhi fang han liang xian zhe shang sheng ;tian jia α-liu xin suan hou ,D4zu quan yu cu zhi fang han liang xian zhe di yu D3zu ,D2zu xian zhe di yu D1zu 。D3zu yu gan zang zhi fang mei de huo xing xian zhe di yu D0he D1zu ;D1yu D3zu yu gan zang dian fen mei huo xing xian zhe di yu D0zu ,D2zu yu dian fen mei huo xing xian zhe gao yu D1zu 。yi shang yan jiu biao ming ,ji fu luo fei yu you yu de sheng chang 、ti cheng fen yu xiao hua mei huo xing shou bu tong si liao dan zhi bi yu α-liu xin suan tian jia de ying xiang 。dan zhi bi wei 30/8de si liao zhong tian jia 300 mg/kgα-liu xin suan neng wei chi ji fu luo fei yu you yu liang hao de sheng chang xing neng ,bing you zhu yu jie yao si liao dan bai zhi 。
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论文作者分别是来自华东师范大学的许芳宁，发表于刊物华东师范大学2019-07-02论文，是一篇关于吉富罗非鱼论文,硫辛酸论文,高脂肪饲料论文,蛋白脂肪比论文,生长性能论文,抗氧化能力论文,脂代谢论文,华东师范大学2019-07-02论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自华东师范大学2019-07-02论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：吉富罗非鱼论文; 硫辛酸论文; 高脂肪饲料论文; 蛋白脂肪比论文; 生长性能论文; 抗氧化能力论文; 脂代谢论文; 华东师范大学2019-07-02论文;