论文摘要
现在越来越多的外籍专家在议论关于中国人学习英语的方法。很显然,采用不同的学习方法可以获得不同的语言能力。在中国,文秋芳教授(1996)把英语学习者主要分为两类:传统方法的学习者和非传统方法的学习者。众所周知,学习者采取不同的学习方法的目的是为了提高他们的语言技能。然而,什么样的技能能够证实英语水平一直倍受争议。不少人认为使用传统方法的学习者擅长于写作的准确性,而使用非传统方法的学习者更甚于口语的流利性。作者认为这种说法还没有足够的证据来证明。因此,研究者结合文秋芳教授的语言学习理论,并且采用定量和定性的分析方法,进行了一次个案研究。为了有效地证明这个假设,本次研究应用了流利性和准确性这两个指标,因为流利性和准确性表现了二语学习者在语言输出时的两个重要的语言特征。本研究首先从定量的角度考察了两种使用不同方法的学习者们的差异程度,然后使用定性分析方法来进一步解释说明定量数据所表现出的结果。研究对象为西部地区某高校英语专业三年级的6名学生。口语和写作测试作为研究工具。定量分析包括流利性指标和准确性指标,共涉及13个测量指标。本实证研究者将这13个测量指标分别在口语和写作上的表现输入电脑后,采用SPSS统计软件对数据进行分析。通过对传统方法的学习者和非传统方法的学习者进行了t值检验,结果显示关于口语流利性方面的5个指标:语速、发音速度、发音时间比、平均语流长度和平均停顿长度,这两组学习者都有差异。而口语的准确性方面,无错误T单位与全部T单位之比显示出两组受试者的水平相当。此外,平均每分钟单词数、平均句长和平均T单位长度表现出两组学习者呈负相关。结果说明非传统方法的学习者在写作流利性方面要比传统方法的学习者更有优势。无错误T单位中单词总数、无错误从句中单词数、平均无错误单位长度和平均无错误从句长度更体现了两组使用不同方法的学习者之间的差异性。定性分析旨在考察导致不同语言能力的深层原因。结合两名外籍教师的判断和参考雅思考试评分标准,综合说明了在中国西南地区:无论是在口语的流利性方面还是在写作的准确性方面,非传统方法的学习者比传统方法的学习者有优势。本研究以传统方法的学习者和非传统方法的学习者的口语和写作为语料,通过流利性和准确性两个测量指标,考察了两种不同方法的学习者在语言产出能力方面的差异程度,对外语教学有积极的指导意义。同时,作者认为要真正了解口语和写作过程中的流利性和准确性,还需要从心理和认知角度做进一步的定性研究。
论文目录
AcknowledgementsAbstract (English)Abstract (Chinese)A List of Figures and TablesAbbreviations Used in This ThesisContentsChapter 1 Introduction1.1 Research Background1.2 Purpose of the Study1.3 Significance of the Study1.4 Research Questions & Hypothesis1.4.1 Research Questions1.4.2 Hypotheses1.5 Definitions of Key Terms1.5.1 Output1.5.2 Defintions of Two Groups of Different Approach Learners1.6 Overview of the ThesisChapter 2 Relevant Literature Review2.1 Definitions of Language Learning and Its Relevant Theory2.1.1 Wen Qiufang's Framework2.1.2 The Author's Proposed Framework2.1.3 The Framework of Output and Second Language Learning2.2 Pure Length Measures2.3 What Is Fluency?2.3.1 Theoretical Models of Fluency2.3.1.1 Fluency from Linguistic Perspectives2.3.1.2 Fluency from Cognitive Perspectives2.3.1.3 Fluency from Sociolinguistic Perspectives2.3.2 Definitions of Oral Fluency2.3.3 Measures Concerning Oral Fluency2.3.4 Definitions of Writing Fluency2.3.5 Measures Concerning Writing Fluency2.4 What Is Accuracy?2.4.1 Definitions of Oral Accuracy2.4.2 Measures of Oral Accuracy2.4.3 Definitions of Writing Accuracy2.4.4 Measures of Writing Accuracy2.5 SummaryChapter 3 Methodology3.1 The Procedure of This Study3.2 Subjects3.3 Instruments3.3.1 Quantitative Study3.3.2 Qualitative Study3.4 The Pilot Study3.5 Data Collection and Analysis3.5.1 Quantitative Study3.5.2 Qualitative Study3.6 SummaryChapter 4 Results and Discussion4.1 Interpretation of the Research4.1.1 The Preparation for the Test and Data Collection4.1.2 Making a Start: The Pilot Study4.1.2.1 The Implementation of the Pilot Study4.1.2.2 The Results of the Pilot Study4.1.3 The Main Study4.1.3.1 The Student Attendance4.1.3.2 Some Modification of the Questionnaire and the Subjects' Choosing4.2 Data Collection and Processing4.3 The analysis of the Collected Data4.3.1 The Results of the Oral English Test4.3.1.1 Measures of Oral Fluency4.3.1.2 Measure of Oral Accuracy4.3.2 The Results of the Writing Fluency4.3.2.1 Measures of Writing Fluency4.3.2.2 Measures of Writing Accuracy4.3.3 The Qualitative Analysis of Oral Fluency4.3.4 The Qualitative Analysis of Writing Accuracy4.4 Interpretation of the Findings and Discussion4.4.1 Discssion of the Results4.4.2 Answers to the Reaserch QuestionsChapter 5 Conclusions and Recommendations5.1 Conclusions5.1.1 Conclusions of the Subjects' Oral English Output5.1.2 Conclusions of the Subjects' English Writing Output5.2 Recommendations5.2.1 Recommendations for College English Teachers5.2.2 Recommendations for College English Learners5.3 Limitations and Recommendations for Further ResearchAppendixesAppendix A 英语专业三年级学生英语学习情况调查问卷Appendix B Guidelines for T-units, clauses, sentences, errorsAppendix C The Materials Of Evaluating the students' English Proficiency in Speaking and Writing skillsAppendix D Text of complete recordings with temporal variables for the four subjectsAppendix E The argument "Will modern technology, such as the Internet ever replace the book or the written work as the main source of information?" written by 6 juniorsBibliography
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标签:语言产出论文; 流利性论文; 准确性论文; 二语口语论文; 二语写作论文;
传统和非传统方法的学习者与口语和写作技能之间的关系—个案研究
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