西方媒体对中国矿难报道的批评语篇分析

论文摘要

近年来,频繁发生的中国矿难成为中外媒体所关注的重点报道对象之一。由于西方国家与中国存在着不同的政治体制和社会、文化、历史背景。此外,新闻本身具有选择性,报道者是根据个人兴趣,所在媒体机构和国家的利益来进行报道的。本研究将对西方媒体对中国矿难的报道进行批评语篇分析,探讨报道者如何评价中国矿难,如何塑造中国政府形象,报道中反映了什么意识形态,以及语篇和意识形态的产生受哪些社会因素影响,旨在为英语新闻读者提供一个批评视角来阅读新闻,帮助读者培养批评语言意识,增强对意识形态的敏感度,提高对新闻语篇的反控制能力。本研究采用Fairclough的CDA分析模式及Halliday系统功能语法的分析工具,从文本分析、过程分析、社会分析三个层面由表及里地对西方主流媒体,即美联社和路透社以及法新社对中国矿难的报道(共15篇)进行定量分析和定性分析。其中,文本分析中涉及词汇选择、及物性系统、转换和情态四个分析工具;社会分析中涉及历史、政治和文化价值观等因素。经分析发现:新闻报道并非不偏不倚地反映客观事实,即使是世界公信力较强的西方三大媒体的报道也是如此,其意识形态意义通过不同语言结构被隐藏在文本之中。在报道中,报道者虽然进行了部分的正面报道,但大多数情况下,却塑造了中国及中国政府的负面形象,这与西方特定的社会背景是密不可分的。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• List of Figures
• Abstract
• 中文摘要
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 The Background and Significance of This Research
• 1.2 The Purposes of This Research
• 1.3 The Organization of This Thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Critical Discourse Analysis
• 2.1.1 The View of Discourse in CDA
• 2.1.2 The Concept and Development of CDA
• 2.1.3 Key Concepts in CDA
• 2.1.3.1 Critique
• 2.1.3.2 Ideology
• 2.1.3.3 Power
• 2.1.4 The Relationships among Language, Ideology and Power
• 2.2 News Discourse
• 2.2.1 Definitions of News
• 2.2.2 News values
• 2.2.3 The Classifications of News
• 2.3 Studies on News Discourse from the CDA Perspective
• 2.3.1 Relevant Critical Studies Abroad
• 2.3.2 Relevant Critical Studies at Home
• 2.3.3 Limitations of Previous Studies
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework and Analytic Tools
• 3.1 Fairclough’s Three-Dimensional Framework of CDA
• 3.2 Halliday’s Three Metafunctions of Language in SFG
• 3.3 Analytic tools
• 3.3.1 Lexical Choice
• 3.3.2 Transitivity
• 3.3.3 Transformation
• 3.3.3.1 Nominalization
• 3.3.3.2 Passivization
• 3.3.4 Modality
• 3.3.4.1 Modal Words
• 3.3.4.2 Direct Speech
• 3.3.4.3 Indirect Speech
• 3.4 Summary
• Chapter 4 Data Analysis
• 4.1 Text analysis
• 4.1.1 Lexical Choice
• 4.1.2 Transitivity
• 4.1.2.1 Material Process
• 4.1.2.2 Verbal Process
• 4.1.2.3 Relational Process
• 4.1.3 Transformation
• 4.1.3.1 Nominalization
• 4.1.3.2 Passivization
• 4.1.4 Modality
• 4.1.4.1 Modal Words
• 4.1.4.2 Direct Speech
• 4.1.4.3 Indirect Speech
• 4.1.5 Summary
• 4.2 Processing Analysis
• 4.2.1 Western Reporters’Judgments on Chinese Mines
• 4.2.2 The Positive Image of the Chinese Government
• 4.2.3 The Negative Image of the Chinese Government
• 4.3 Social Analysis
• 4.3.1 Different Political Systems and Social Ideologies
• 4.3.2 Sense of Superiority of Western Countries and Their Discourse Power
• 4.3.3 Different Cultural Values in Western Countries
• 4.3.4 Different Systems of Western Media and Different News Values
• 4.3.5 Lack of First-hand and Complete Information about the Accidents
• Chapter 5 Conclusion
• 5.1 Findings of This Research
• 5.2 Limitations of This Research
• Bibliography
• Appendix: the Sources and Tiles of the Samples Selected
• Publications during the Postgraduate Program