本文主要研究内容
作者杨杰(2019)在《鸭源沙门菌流行特点及耐药特点分析》一文中研究指出:沙门菌是危害人类与畜禽健康的重要病原菌,有3000多种血清型。沙门菌病是各种动物由沙门菌属细菌引起的疾病总称。沙门菌可以与其它病原菌联合感染,对养殖业造成巨大经济损失。尤其对于规模化鸭场,一旦爆发鸭沙门菌病,可迅速传播蔓延,引起雏鸭大批量死亡。随着抗生素的广泛使用,沙门菌对抗生素耐药性不断增强并且加剧了多重耐药沙门菌的产生,对养鸭业构成极大的威胁。本研究旨在了解本地区鸭养殖场和屠宰场沙门菌的流行情况以及耐药特点。于2016年12月至2017年4月,从山东省泰安和济南地区养鸭场和屠宰场共采集2342份样品,通过培养基培养,PCR扩增分离鉴定沙门菌。进而通过平板凝集试验确定沙门菌血清型,利用多位点序列分型技术(Multilocus sequence typing,MLST)和脉冲场凝胶电泳技术(Pulse-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)确定沙门菌基因序列型,了解沙门菌分类特点以及沙门菌之间的亲缘关系;利用PCR技术检测13种常见的毒力基因,了解沙门菌毒力基因特点;利用PCR技术检测25种耐药基因存在情况,利用PCR技术检测Ⅰ类整合子,了解其耐药基因盒的存在情况;利用药敏试验检测14种常用药物的耐药性,初步了解本地区鸭源沙门菌的耐药情况,为生产上合理用药提供理论依据。本研究共分离得到49株鸭源沙门菌,血清分型共分为6种血清型,其中最为流行的血清型是肠炎沙门菌(40.82%),其次是鸭沙门菌占20.41%,鼠伤寒沙门菌占16.33%,肯塔基沙门菌占10.20%,印第安纳沙门菌占10.20%,蒙得维的亚沙门菌占2.04%。MLST分型共分为7种ST型,其中最主要的ST型是ST11(40.82%),其次是ST2441(20.41%)、ST19(12.24%)、ST17(10.20%)、ST198(10.20%)、ST1544(4.08%)、ST305(2.04%)。PFGE分型共分为39种PFGE图谱型、10个聚类簇,肠炎沙门菌和鸭沙门菌同源性较高,大多数位于同一聚类簇,表明肠炎沙门菌和鸭沙门菌可能分别由同一克隆系的沙门菌克隆传播。49株鸭源沙门菌进行13种毒力基因的检测,检出率最高的是invA(100%)、hilA(100%)和sipA(100%)毒力基因,其次是stnP1(91.8%)和ssrA(91.8%)毒力基因,检出率最低的是ssaR(16.3%)和sopE(16.3%)毒力基因。分离自养殖场1和屠宰场的沙门菌毒力基因检出率明显较低。利用纸片法检测49株鸭源沙门菌对14种抗生素(青霉素类、头孢类、氨基糖苷类等9类抗生素)的药物敏感情况,结果显示耐药率最高的是红霉素(100%),其次是萘啶酸(95.92%)、氨苄西林(55.10%)和链霉素(55.10%)。其中13种抗生素均检测到不同程度的耐药性,仅多粘菌素B全部表现为药物敏感。多重耐药(MDR)沙门菌所占比例为71.43%。本研究中的印第安纳沙门菌耐药情况尤为严重,对9类抗生素中的78类抗生素耐药,对14种抗生素中的1213种抗生素耐药。此外,分离自养殖场1和屠宰场的沙门菌耐药情况明显较少。通过25种耐药基因检测,49株鸭源沙门菌检测出11种耐药基因。其中,耐药基因检出率最高的是blaTEM,占73.47%(blaTEM-1占61.23%,blaTEM-116占10.20%,blaTEM-181占2.04%),其次是sul2(28.57%),未检测到四环素类和氯霉素类耐药基因。另外,9株沙门菌未检测到耐药基因,其中5株均来自养殖场1,分离自养殖场1和屠宰场的沙门菌所携带的耐药基因明显较少。49株沙门菌Ⅰ类整合子检出率为34.69%,携带的耐药基因盒主要是aadA7+aac3-ld(1.5kb,n=15)。此外,携带耐药基因盒的沙门菌其中94.12%(16/17)是多重耐药沙门菌,Ⅰ类整合子所携带的耐药基因盒可能与沙门菌耐药性有一定的相关性。本研究从多个方面分析研究了本地区鸭养殖场和屠宰场沙门菌特性,并且首次应用3种分型方法探讨了山东省不同养殖场流行的沙门菌之间的亲缘关系,对山东省不同鸭养殖场沙门菌进行了溯源分析,同时丰富了山东省鸭养殖场沙门菌的数据资料,探究了沙门菌的耐药特点,为养殖业临床用药提供理论依据,有助于沙门菌的防制。
Abstract
sha men jun shi wei hai ren lei yu chu qin jian kang de chong yao bing yuan jun ,you 3000duo chong xie qing xing 。sha men jun bing shi ge chong dong wu you sha men jun shu xi jun yin qi de ji bing zong chen 。sha men jun ke yi yu ji ta bing yuan jun lian ge gan ran ,dui yang shi ye zao cheng ju da jing ji sun shi 。you ji dui yu gui mo hua ya chang ,yi dan bao fa ya sha men jun bing ,ke xun su chuan bo man yan ,yin qi chu ya da pi liang si wang 。sui zhao kang sheng su de an fan shi yong ,sha men jun dui kang sheng su nai yao xing bu duan zeng jiang bing ju jia ju le duo chong nai yao sha men jun de chan sheng ,dui yang ya ye gou cheng ji da de wei xie 。ben yan jiu zhi zai le jie ben de ou ya yang shi chang he tu zai chang sha men jun de liu hang qing kuang yi ji nai yao te dian 。yu 2016nian 12yue zhi 2017nian 4yue ,cong shan dong sheng tai an he ji na de ou yang ya chang he tu zai chang gong cai ji 2342fen yang pin ,tong guo pei yang ji pei yang ,PCRkuo zeng fen li jian ding sha men jun 。jin er tong guo ping ban ning ji shi yan que ding sha men jun xie qing xing ,li yong duo wei dian xu lie fen xing ji shu (Multilocus sequence typing,MLST)he mai chong chang ning jiao dian yong ji shu (Pulse-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)que ding sha men jun ji yin xu lie xing ,le jie sha men jun fen lei te dian yi ji sha men jun zhi jian de qin yuan guan ji ;li yong PCRji shu jian ce 13chong chang jian de du li ji yin ,le jie sha men jun du li ji yin te dian ;li yong PCRji shu jian ce 25chong nai yao ji yin cun zai qing kuang ,li yong PCRji shu jian ce Ⅰlei zheng ge zi ,le jie ji nai yao ji yin he de cun zai qing kuang ;li yong yao min shi yan jian ce 14chong chang yong yao wu de nai yao xing ,chu bu le jie ben de ou ya yuan sha men jun de nai yao qing kuang ,wei sheng chan shang ge li yong yao di gong li lun yi ju 。ben yan jiu gong fen li de dao 49zhu ya yuan sha men jun ,xie qing fen xing gong fen wei 6chong xie qing xing ,ji zhong zui wei liu hang de xie qing xing shi chang yan sha men jun (40.82%),ji ci shi ya sha men jun zhan 20.41%,shu shang han sha men jun zhan 16.33%,ken da ji sha men jun zhan 10.20%,yin di an na sha men jun zhan 10.20%,meng de wei de ya sha men jun zhan 2.04%。MLSTfen xing gong fen wei 7chong STxing ,ji zhong zui zhu yao de STxing shi ST11(40.82%),ji ci shi ST2441(20.41%)、ST19(12.24%)、ST17(10.20%)、ST198(10.20%)、ST1544(4.08%)、ST305(2.04%)。PFGEfen xing gong fen wei 39chong PFGEtu pu xing 、10ge ju lei cu ,chang yan sha men jun he ya sha men jun tong yuan xing jiao gao ,da duo shu wei yu tong yi ju lei cu ,biao ming chang yan sha men jun he ya sha men jun ke neng fen bie you tong yi ke long ji de sha men jun ke long chuan bo 。49zhu ya yuan sha men jun jin hang 13chong du li ji yin de jian ce ,jian chu lv zui gao de shi invA(100%)、hilA(100%)he sipA(100%)du li ji yin ,ji ci shi stnP1(91.8%)he ssrA(91.8%)du li ji yin ,jian chu lv zui di de shi ssaR(16.3%)he sopE(16.3%)du li ji yin 。fen li zi yang shi chang 1he tu zai chang de sha men jun du li ji yin jian chu lv ming xian jiao di 。li yong zhi pian fa jian ce 49zhu ya yuan sha men jun dui 14chong kang sheng su (qing mei su lei 、tou bao lei 、an ji tang gan lei deng 9lei kang sheng su )de yao wu min gan qing kuang ,jie guo xian shi nai yao lv zui gao de shi gong mei su (100%),ji ci shi nai ding suan (95.92%)、an bian xi lin (55.10%)he lian mei su (55.10%)。ji zhong 13chong kang sheng su jun jian ce dao bu tong cheng du de nai yao xing ,jin duo nian jun su Bquan bu biao xian wei yao wu min gan 。duo chong nai yao (MDR)sha men jun suo zhan bi li wei 71.43%。ben yan jiu zhong de yin di an na sha men jun nai yao qing kuang you wei yan chong ,dui 9lei kang sheng su zhong de 78lei kang sheng su nai yao ,dui 14chong kang sheng su zhong de 1213chong kang sheng su nai yao 。ci wai ,fen li zi yang shi chang 1he tu zai chang de sha men jun nai yao qing kuang ming xian jiao shao 。tong guo 25chong nai yao ji yin jian ce ,49zhu ya yuan sha men jun jian ce chu 11chong nai yao ji yin 。ji zhong ,nai yao ji yin jian chu lv zui gao de shi blaTEM,zhan 73.47%(blaTEM-1zhan 61.23%,blaTEM-116zhan 10.20%,blaTEM-181zhan 2.04%),ji ci shi sul2(28.57%),wei jian ce dao si huan su lei he lv mei su lei nai yao ji yin 。ling wai ,9zhu sha men jun wei jian ce dao nai yao ji yin ,ji zhong 5zhu jun lai zi yang shi chang 1,fen li zi yang shi chang 1he tu zai chang de sha men jun suo xie dai de nai yao ji yin ming xian jiao shao 。49zhu sha men jun Ⅰlei zheng ge zi jian chu lv wei 34.69%,xie dai de nai yao ji yin he zhu yao shi aadA7+aac3-ld(1.5kb,n=15)。ci wai ,xie dai nai yao ji yin he de sha men jun ji zhong 94.12%(16/17)shi duo chong nai yao sha men jun ,Ⅰlei zheng ge zi suo xie dai de nai yao ji yin he ke neng yu sha men jun nai yao xing you yi ding de xiang guan xing 。ben yan jiu cong duo ge fang mian fen xi yan jiu le ben de ou ya yang shi chang he tu zai chang sha men jun te xing ,bing ju shou ci ying yong 3chong fen xing fang fa tan tao le shan dong sheng bu tong yang shi chang liu hang de sha men jun zhi jian de qin yuan guan ji ,dui shan dong sheng bu tong ya yang shi chang sha men jun jin hang le su yuan fen xi ,tong shi feng fu le shan dong sheng ya yang shi chang sha men jun de shu ju zi liao ,tan jiu le sha men jun de nai yao te dian ,wei yang shi ye lin chuang yong yao di gong li lun yi ju ,you zhu yu sha men jun de fang zhi 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自山东农业大学的杨杰,发表于刊物山东农业大学2019-07-08论文,是一篇关于沙门菌论文,血清型论文,多位点序列分型论文,脉冲场凝胶电泳论文,毒力基因论文,耐药性论文,耐药基因论文,类整合子论文,山东农业大学2019-07-08论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自山东农业大学2019-07-08论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:沙门菌论文; 血清型论文; 多位点序列分型论文; 脉冲场凝胶电泳论文; 毒力基因论文; 耐药性论文; 耐药基因论文; 类整合子论文; 山东农业大学2019-07-08论文;