语境对心理词汇意义提取的制约研究

论文摘要

心理词汇是看不见摸不着的。它是词汇在大脑中的组织结构。每个人大脑中的词汇都是这样存储的。在人们试图理解词汇的意义过程中,大脑会搜寻意义的特质来感知意义,理解意义。在交际过程中,人们说话的正常语速约每分钟125-180个词,这意味着听话人和说话人每秒钟需要提取2-3个词。那么心理词汇的提取需要和语境结合起来,因为多数词是多义词。所以在日常交际中,词汇意义感知要结合语境才能将合适的词义提取出来。因此,话语的理解依赖于语境,这个议题的研究仍是热点。本文分别从心理语言学理论和语用学理论角度分析研究了语境对意义选择的制约作用。语境制约了意义的选择和意义的理解。在理解意义的过程中,语境是若干个假设,这些假设决定了意义是如何被选择和解释的。本文对语境的制约作用进行更深层次的研究,一方面,讨论了语境如何在心理过程中制约了意义的选择;另一方面,分析了意义的心理概念在语境的影响下是如何变化的。恰当的选择语境才能选择恰当的意义。经过分析研究之后,本文最后得出结论,语境制约对于深入研究意义的产生和意义的感知有着重要作用,也对语境中教授词汇具有很好的指导意义。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Chapter One Introduction
• Chapter Two Theoretical Review on Context Studies
• 2.1 The Concept of Context
• 2.2 Origin and Development of Context
• 2.2.1 Static Studies on Context
• 2.2.2 Dynamic Studies on Context
• 2.3 The Functions of Context
• 2.3.1 Restrictive Function
• 2.3.2 Interpretive Function
• Chapter Three Mental Lexicon
• 3.1 The Notion of Mental Lexicon
• 3.2 Semantic Representation of Mental Lexicon
• 3.2.1 Relations Between Concept and Word
• 3.2.1.1 One-to-Many Mapping
• 3.2.1.2 Many-to-One Mapping
• 3.3 Terms Related to Mental Lexicon
• 3.3.1 Lexical Entry
• 3.3.2 Word Frequency
• 3.4 Models of Mental Lexicon
• 3.4.1 Hierarchical Network Model
• 3.4.2 Spreading Activation Model
• 3.5 Lexical Access to Mental Lexicon
• 3.5.1 Variables That Influence Lexical Access
• 3.5.2 Lexical Access Model
• 3.5.2.1 Serial Search Model
• 3.5.2.2 Parallel Access Model
• Chapter Four Contextual Constraints Review and Theoretical Framework
• 4.1 Contribution of Contextual Constraints on Semantic Selection
• 4.1.1 Psychological Contribution
• 4.1.1.1 Semantic Perception of Lexicon
• 4.1.1.2 Cognitive Contextual Effect
• 4.1.2 Pragmatic Contribution
• 4.2 Theoretical Framework of Semantic Comprehension
• 4.2.1Psychological Basis
• 4.2.1.1 The Connectionism
• 4.2.1.2 Featural Model Versus Prototype Model
• 4.2.2 Pragmatic Basis——Relevance Theory
• Chapter Five Embodiment of Context-dependent Lexical Comprehension
• 5.1 Lexical Comprehension in Context
• 5.2 Interpretation on Contextual Constraints
• 5.3 Contextual Constraints on Lexical Comprehension with Psychological Approach
• 5.3.1 Context-dependent Mapping Between Words and Concepts
• 5.3.2 Context-dependent Lexical Access
• 5.3.3 Context-dependent Semantic Process
• 5.4 Contextual Constraints on Lexical Comprehension with Pragmatic Approach
• 5.4.1 Relevance and Meaning Comprehension
• 5.4.2 Context-dependent Meaning of Relevance
• Chapter Six Analysis of Contextual Constraints on Meaning Retrieval of Lexicon
• 6.1 Features of Meaning Selection in Context
• 6.1.1 Role of Tendency in Defining the Meaning
• 6.1.2 Relativity of Contextual Constraints
• 6.1.3 Meaning Embodiment
• 6.1.4 Featural Role on Lexical Meaning
• 6.2 Patterns of Meaning Selection
• 6.2.1 Loosening of the Meaning
• 6.2.2 Narrowing of the Meaning
• 6.3 Contextual Constraints on Meaning Selection
• 6.3.1 Psychological Context
• 6.3.2 Mental Prediction
• 6.3.3 Contextual Constraints on Word Recognition
• 6.4 Contextual Constraints on Prototype Recognition
• Chapter Seven Implications for Teaching—Prototype Versus Peripheral Concept
• 7.1 Findings for Vocabulary Teaching
• 7.2 Strategies of Teaching Vocabulary in Context
• 7.2.1 Contextual Prediction
• 7.2.2 Construction of Coherence Between Prototype Meaning and Peripheral Meaning
• 7.2.3 Prototype Activation
• 7.2.4 Embodiment of Semantic Representation
• Chapter Eight Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements