发达国家及地区贸易摩擦应对机制及其对中国的启示

论文摘要

2007年是中国加入WTO的第6年，在这6年当中，受国际贸易保护主义倾向抬头、国际竞争日趋激烈等因素的影响，中国遭遇的贸易摩擦日益增多，已进入贸易摩擦高发期。中国科学院预测研究中心日前在一份研究报告中称，2007年中国贸易摩擦形势依然严峻。预计在今后若干年中中国仍将是贸易摩擦的一个高发区。美国、日本和欧盟作为我国的三大贸易伙伴，在WTO规则允许的框架下，合理运用了贸易壁垒措施，并且在应对贸易摩擦中积累了大量的经验。“他山之石，可以攻玉”，研究美国、日本和欧盟的贸易摩擦应对机制，充分借鉴这些国家的成功经验，对合理和适度地保护我国的国内产业和促进我国的对外贸易具有重要的意义。本文不同于以往从中国的角度出发论述贸易摩擦的模式，而是从美国、日本和欧盟等发达国家和地区的角度，结合案例，分别论述其贸易摩擦应对机制的理论依据、模式、特点和经验，从中总结出其对中国贸易摩擦应对机制的启示。本文共分六部分。第一部分简单介绍了贸易摩擦、应对机制以及中国所面临的贸易摩擦的现状和特点。第二、三、四部分分别结合案例分析了美国、日本、欧盟贸易摩擦应对机制的理论依据、模式、特点和经验。第五部分结合中国贸易摩擦的现状分析中国遭遇贸易摩擦的内外因、应对机制中的国别战略以及如何构建“以守为主、以攻为辅”型的贸易摩擦应对机制。第六部分总结全文，对中国如何应对贸易摩擦提出建议。

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• 内容摘要
• Chapter I Introduction
• 1.1 Definition of Trade Friction
• 1.2 Definition of Answering Mechanism
• 1.3 Current Situation and Characteristics of Trade Friction China is Involved
• 1.3.1 Current Situation of Trade Friction
• 1.3.2 Characteristics of Trade Friction China is Involved
• Chapter II Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction in America—Offensive Model
• 2.1 Backgrounds: Four Phases for America to Face Trade Friction —from GATT to WTO
• 2.2 Examples of American Trade Friction and its Answering Mechanism to the Trade Friction
• 2.3 Core of American Answering Mechanism—"301 Article"
• 2.3.1 General Situation and Development of "301 Article"
• 2.3.2 The Content of "301 Article"
• 2.4 Characteristics and Experiences of American Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction—Offensive Model
• Chapter III Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction in Japan—Defensive Model
• 3.1 Characteristics of Trade Friction and Reasons of Trade Friction in Japan
• 3.1.1 The Characteristics of Trade Friction in Japan
• 3.1.2 The Reasons for Trade Friction in Japan
• 3.2 Examples of Japanese Trade Friction and its Answering Mechanism to the Trade Friction—Take Japanese-American Trade Friction for Example
• 3.2.1 The Historic Development of Japanese-American Trade Friction
• 3.2.2 The Model of Japanese Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction
• 3.3 Core of Japanese Answering Mechanism —"Law of Export and Import Trade"
• 3.4 Experiences of Japanese Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction
• 3.4.1 To Relax the Trade Friction between Japan and America by the Control of Autonomous Export
• 3.4.2 To Broaden International Investment and to Avoid and Divert the Conflict
• 3.4.3 To Shift from Policy Coordination to System Coordination to Increase the Degree of Market Admittance
• 3.4.4 To Carry Out Multi-Element Strategy on Export
• 3.4.5 To Pay More Attention to the Function of Non-governmental Organization
• 3.4.6 To Take Full Advantages of Trade Dispute Settling Mechanism in WTO
• Chapter IV Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction in European Countries—Offensive & Defensive Model
• 4.1 Backgrounds
• 4.2 Core of Answering Mechanism of European Union—TBR （Trade Barriers Regulation）
• 4.2.1 NCPI
• 4.2.2 TBR
• 4.3 Examples of European Union Trade Friction and the Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction
• 4.4 Experience and Characteristics of Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction in European Union
• 4.4.1 Paying More Attention to the International Legality of Trade Barriers Investigation
• 4.4.2 The Ways to Eliminate Trade Barriers Mainly Based on Bilateral and Multilateral Understanding and Consultation
• 4.4.3 The Practical Experience for European Union to Answer Trade Friction
• Chapter V Enlightenment to China
• 5.1 Analyses of the Current Situations and Developing Trend of Trade Friction in China
• 5.2 The Reasons for the Serious Trade Friction Faced by China
• 5.2.1 The External Reasons for the Serious Trade Friction Faced by China
• 5.2.2 The Internal Reasons for the Serious Trade Friction Faced by China
• 5.3 Different Policies to Deal with Trade Friction with the Major Three Trade Partners for China
• 5.3.1 The Strategy to Answer the Trade Frictions from America
• 5.3.2 The Strategy to Answer the Trade Frictions from Japan
• 5.3.3 The Strategy to Answer the Trade Frictions from European Union
• 5.4 Chinese Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction—Taking Defense as Priority and Offense as Subsidiary
• 5.4.1 Correctly Localizing Political, Economic and Trade Environment to Face Trade Friction
• 5.4.2 Further Improving the Legal System of Chinese Answering Mechanism to Trade Friction
• 5.4.3 Building the Trade Friction Answering Mechanism of "Four in One"
• 5.4.4 Building Bilateral Consultation and Coordination Mechanism with the Countries such as America, Japan, and European Union
• 5.4.5 Taking Full Advantage of the Dispute Settling Mechanism under the Framework of WTO
• Chapter VI Conclusion
• REFERENCE
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS