交往理性与文学翻译 ——基于《阿Q正传》两译本对比研究

论文摘要

从某种意义上说,翻译是译者进行选择和取舍的过程。在此过程中,译者需要先理解,再转换,既而表达,即涉及一系列的认知活动。一直以来,学者们不遗余力地寻找一套能解释并进一步指导翻译思维认知过程的普遍规范。翻译是一涉及语际间转换的交际活动,因而对人类交际活动的研究,则成为翻译研究中的一个视角。本文以哈贝马斯的交往行为理论为基础,将交往行为理论的主旨思想运用于文学翻译研究,试图从交往理性的角度研究文学翻译的认知过程,并对鲁迅的著名小说《阿Q正传》的两英文译本进行对比研究。本文可分为4个部分。本文第一章具体介绍了交往行为理论中的几个重要概念,如交往主体、交往背景知识、交往媒介和交往目的。既而讨论了交往行为理论的理论基础。第二章致力于交往理性在文学翻译中的构建。首先表述了文学翻译是一特殊的交往形式。然后分析了交往理性与工具理性的不同,并着重从两个方面,即“三个世界”理念和“主体间性”理念对翻译研究中交往理性的体现做了研究。第三章从认知、交往和文学翻译三者的相互关系入手,指出交往理性在文学翻译中的具体运用可从其在翻译认知过程中的体现来阐释。既而逐一探究了文学翻译认知的三个过程(阅读环节、中间环节和表达环节),探讨了三个过程中译者作为一交往主体如何在“道德维度”、“常理维度”和“心理维度”上与其他主体进行交往对话。第四章基于交往理性的研究,通过引例分析,对《阿Q正传》的两英文译本作了对比、评价和讨论。最后,本文得出以下结论:文学翻译是一复杂的交往行动,交往理性在整个翻译认知过程中应起重要的作用。在理性的指导下,翻译活动从单纯的语码转换转为言语有效性基础上的人际关系的确立,从强调单个主体地位的主客体关系转换为多个主体拥有平等对话和交流权利的主体间性关系,以此实现译本的最大接受性和美学性。将交往行为理论用于翻译的阐释目前还是一个不够完善的理论体系。任何一种理论都必然有其不足,和有其需要深入发展的空间。本文的写作意义即在于对该理论在文学翻译认知过程中的阐释和扩展,以求为同一文学作品的不同译本的评价分析提供新视角。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action （TCA）
• 1.1 Communicative Action Defined
• 1.1.1 Communicative Subjects
• 1.1.2 Communicative Background Information: Lifeworld
• 1.1.3 Communicative Medium: Language
• 1.1.4 Communicative Purpose: Understanding
• 1.2 Theoretical Foundation
• 1.2.1 Universal Pragmatics
• 1.2.1.1 Three Validities
• 1.2.1.2 Communicative Aptitude
• 1.2.1.3 Influence on TCA
• 1.2.2 Theory of Discourse Ethics
• 1.2.2.1 Principle of Universalization and Principle of Discourse Ethics
• 1.2.2.2 Influence of Discourse Ethics on TCA
• Chapter 2 Application of Communicative Rationality （CR） in Literary Translation （LT）
• 2.1 Literary Translation-A Special Communicative Action
• 2.1.1 Literary Translation as a Communicative Action
• 2.1.1.1 Language Basis of Literary Translation
• 2.1.1.2 Double Structure of Literary Translation
• 2.1.1.3 Openness of Literary Translation
• 2.1.2 The Specialness of Literary Translation as a Communicative Action
• 2.1.2.1 Two or More Than Two Lifeworlds Concerned
• 2.1.2.2 Communication Environment: From Context to Co-text
• 2.1.2.3 Double-role Translator
• 2.2 Communicative Rationality and Literary Translation
• 2.2.1 Instrumental Rationality and Communicative Rationality
• 2.2.2 Two Ideologies of Communicative Rationality Materialized in Literary Translation
• 2.2.2.1 Intersubjectivity
• 2.2.2.1.1 Translator and Original Writer
• 2.2.2.1.2 Translator and Target Readers
• 2.2.2.1.3 Translator and Characters in the Original Text
• 2.2.2.2 "Three Communication Levels"
• 2.2.2.2.1 Translator and the Objective World
• 2.2.2.2.2 Translator and the Social World
• 2.2.2.2.3 Translator and the Subjective World
• 2.3 Summary
• Chapter 3 Communicative Rationality Displayed in the Cognitive Process of the Translator in Literary Translation
• 3.1 Cognition, Communication and Literary Translation
• 3.1.1 Literary Translation as a Communication Form
• 3.1.2 Communication as a Cognitive Process
• 3.1.2.1 Cognition, an Interpretive Explanation for Communication
• 3.1.2.2 Communicative Environment and Cognitive Environment
• 3.1.3 Cognition-theoretic Account on Literary Translation
• 3.1.3.1 Cognition of the Original Author's Communication
• 3.1.3.2 Translator's Mental Schema
• 3.1.3.3 Cognition Environment of the Target Readers
• 3.1.4 Summary
• 3.2 Cognitive Process of Literary Translation and Three Dimensionalities Guided by Communicative Rationality
• 3.2.1 The Reading Stage
• 3.2.1.1 Two Tasks of Reading
• 3.2.1.1.1 Understanding of the Original text
• 3.2.1.1.1.1 Sensation
• 3.2.1.1.1.2 Perception
• 3.2.1.1.1.3 Thinking
• 3.2.1.1.2 Construction of the Original Schema
• 3.2.1.2 Foundation of Reading Stage: "Morality" Dimensionality
• 3.2.1.2.1 Standard: Truth Validity
• 3.2.1.2.2 Phenomenon: "Pre-understanding" and Reflection
• 3.2.2 The Intermediate Stage
• 3.2.2.1 Probability of the Intermediate Stage
• 3.2.2.2 Necessity of the Intermediate Stage
• 3.2.2.2.1 Subjectivity of the Original Schema
• 3.2.2.2.2 Necessity of Translation Schema
• 3.2.2.3 Foundation of Intermediate Stage: "Convention" Dimensionality
• 3.2.2.3.1 Standard: Rightness Validity
• 3.2.2.3.2 Phenomenon: Cultural Default and Compensation
• 3.2.3 The Expression Stage
• 3.2.3.1 Cognitive Processing of the Translation Schema
• 3.2.3.1.1 Co-text Planning
• 3.2.3.1.2 Sentence Planning
• 3.2.3.2 Foundation of Expression Stage: "Mentality" Dimensionality
• 3.2.3.2.1 Standard: Sincerity Validity
• 3.2.3.2.2 Phenomena: Reappearance of Aesthetic Value
• 3.2.4 Summary
• Chapter 4 Case Study: C-E Translation of Ah Q Zheng Zhuan
• 4.1 A Brief Profile of Ah Q Zheng Zhuan
• 4.2 Specific Examples Analysis
• 4.2.1 Cases Study Concerning the Reading Stage
• 4.2.1.1 Comprehension in Sensation
• 4.2.1.2 Comprehension in Perception
• 4.2.1.3 Comprehension in Thinking
• 4.2.2 Cases Study Concerning the Intermediate Stage
• 4.2.2.1 Cultural Factor Orientation
• 4.2.2.1.1 Linguistic Culture
• 4.2.2.1.2 Cursing
• 4.2.2.2 Social Convention Orientation
• 4.2.2.2.1 Isomerism Relationship
• 4.2.2.2.2 Traditional Thought
• 4.2.3 Cases Study Concerning the Expressing Stage
• 4.2.3.1 Language Style
• 4.2.3.1.1 Classical and Modern Chinese
• 4.2.3.1.2 Vulgarism
• 4.2.3.2 Rhetoric Art
• 4.2.3.2.1 Satire
• 4.2.3.2.2 Humor
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 攻读学位期间主要研究成果目录