论文摘要
近几十年,教育心理学、实验心理学、发展心理学以及心理语言学领域越来越关注语音意识的问题。语音意识指对口语中任何一个语言单位的反映和控制能力,如音节意识、首音-韵脚意识和音位意识。有关语音意识和阅读之间的关系是元语言意识研究领域中的重点,而关注语音意识和听力关系的研究相对较少。因此,本研究主要探讨中国学生的语音意识水平的发展特点及其与听力之间的关系。本论文由六部分组成。第一、二部分介绍研究意义、目的及语音意识的相关文献综述。第三部分为本研究的理论框架,有Gombert(1992)的epilinguistic意识和元语言意识,Treiman & Zukowski(1996)的语音意识异质性, Anderson(1983,1990)的听力理解模型,和信息处理模型。第四部分是本论文的实验设计。本研究的受试共有128名(90名为有效数据),分别是三,五,七年级的学生。研究采用了Swan & Goswami (1997)和Hulme et al (2002)的工具测试语音意识的三个语言单位:音节意识,首音-韵脚意识和音位意识。三个语言单位的测试包含八个任务:音节计数,音节删除,首音-韵脚识别,首音-韵脚奇异,首音-韵脚删除,音位识别,音位奇异和音位删除任务。听力测试以人教版英语考试中的听力部分为实验工具来收集数据。第五部分是数据分析和讨论。使用SPSS 13.0对所得数据进行描述性统计分析,相关分析和逐步回归分析。第六部分的研究结果表明:1)每个年级学生的首音-韵脚意识的表现优于音位意识和音节意识。语音意识总体呈现不断上升的趋势;2)学生的语音意识和听力存在显著正相关的关系。在三个语言单位中,音位意识、音节意识和三年级听力呈显著相关。五年级和七年级听力和三个语言单位均有相关。在八个任务中,音节计数、音位识别,音位奇异和音位删除任务和三年级听力有显著相关。五年级和七年级听力除了上述四个任务外,与音节删除和首音-韵脚识别任务也呈相关。3)根据逐步回归分析所得到的标准化系数即路径系数建立了路径模型。路径模型1表明,在三个语言单位中,音位意识对三年级听力影响显著,五年级和七年级听力受到音节意识和音位意识的共同影响。路径模型2,3,4表明:在八个任务中,音节计数任务对三年级听力有显著影响,五年级听力受到音节计数和音位删除两个任务的影响,七年级听力受到音节计数和音位识别任务的共同影响。此外,研究结果表明在听力教学中,教师不仅应注重对学生语音意识的培养、加强语音意识的知识输入和练习,而且要提高学生对语音意识知识的积累和运用。
论文目录
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