翻译选择中的制约因素 ——《呼啸山庄》三译本对比分析

论文摘要

20世纪90年代是我国翻译事业的繁荣时期,而这种繁荣具体体现在外国文学名著的重译方面,尤其是英、法、德语种的文学著作重译的次数居多。一本原著的汉译本少则二、三种,多则七、八种,甚至更多。这就需要加强在对比基础上的翻译批评,发现重译中存在的问题,提高翻译的质量;更为重要的是,译本对比分析也为翻译理论研究重新思考那些长期困扰着研究者的问题提供了一种有效的视角。翻译过程就是一个选择的过程,从材料的选取到词汇的运用,翻译行为的每一个阶段无不涉及对多种选择的确定。这些选择又不是在真空中实现的,而是受到多种外部因素的制约。近30年来,翻译研究关注的焦点已部分地从语言转向翻译与社会文化的关系,更注重翻译行为的外部制约因素,即一定的历史文化语境制约下形成各个层次的翻译目的,译者在翻译目的的制约下操控翻译过程,以使翻译行为实现一定的文化功能。到目前为止,国内出现了很多从理论层面来研究制约翻译选择因素的文章或著作,但大都缺乏对西方理论的批评,研究翻译选择的制约因素很少在译本对比的基础上进行解释。本研究在宏观上以国内外翻译学研究的理论为基础——描写译学、目的论、操控论,在微观上借助语篇语言学中的语篇衔接理论,从《呼啸山庄》三种中译本对比出发,并通过计量研究的方法,以统计结果分析译本的语篇特征,考查翻译微观选择、翻译策略、译者的文化立场与外部因素之间的关系,进而对译者的翻译选择做出解释。结论认为,翻译研究应以译本的语篇对比为基础,并基于译本的对比观察对译者的翻译选择和语篇特征进行概括,寻找翻译规律。研究表明,翻译研究文化学派的观念与翻译研究的关系是有限的,翻译研究的根本任务是考查翻译中的语言现象,而不是局限于数量有限的与文化相关的因素,从而部分地证伪了这些学派的合理性。

论文目录

• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• ABSTRACT
• 摘要
• CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY
• 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
• 1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY
• CHAPTER 2 AN INTRODUCTION TO WUTHERING HEIGHTS AND ITS CHINESE VERSIONS
• 2.1 ABOUT THE ORIGINAL AUTHOR AND HER WRITING
• 2.2 ABOUT WUTHERING HEIGHTS
• 2.2.1 Background of the Novel
• 2.2.2 Content of Wuthering Heights
• 2.2.3 Acceptance of Wuthering Heights
• 2.3 THREE CHINESE VERSIONS
• 2.4 PREVIOUS RESEARCH ON THE TRANSLATION OF WUTHERING HEIGHTS
• CHAPTER 3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
• 3.1 DESCRIPTIVE TRANSLATION STUDIES
• 3.2 SKOPOSTHEORY AND THE PURPOSES OF TRANSLATION
• 3.3 MANIPULATION OF THE TRANSLATION PROCESS
• CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• 4.1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• 4.1.1 Research questions
• 4.1.2 Hypotheses
• 4.2 CRITERIA FOR COLLECTING DATA AND DATA SOURCE
• 4.3 FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
• CHAPTER 5 DATA ANALYSIS OF INTRATEXTUAL FEATURES
• 5.1 STATISTICS OF SYNTACTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE VERSIONS
• 5.1.1 Statistics of punctuation marks in three versions
• 5.1.1.1 Selection of parameters in punctuation marks
• 5.1.1.2 Investigation of parameters as manifested in the translated texts
• 5.1.1.3 Hypotheses before statistical analysis
• 5.1.1.4 Findings and discussion
• 5.1.2 Statistics of cohesive devices in Chinese versions and the original
• 5.1.2.1 Selection of parameters for investigation
• 5.1.2.2 Investigation of parameters as manifested in the translated texts
• 5.1.2.3 Hypotheses before statistical analysis
• 5.1.2.4 Findings and discussion
• 5.2 STATISTICS OF SEMANTIC SHIFTS IN THREE VERSIONS
• 5.2.1 Introduction of semantic shifts
• 5.2.2 Selection of parameters of semantic shift
• 5.2.3 Establishment of parameters as manifested in the translated texts
• 5.2.4 Hypotheses before statistical analysis
• 5.2.5 Findings and discussion
• 5.3 A CTS APPROACH TO THE ORIGINAL AND THE THREE VERSIONS
• 5.3.1 Selection of parameters for investigation
• 5.3.2 Investigation of parameters as manifested in the translated texts
• 5.3.3 Hypotheses before statistical analysis
• 5.3.4 Findings and discussion
• CHAPTER 6 CULTURAL EXPLANATIONS OF MAJOR FINDINGS
• 6.1 MAJOR FINDINGS
• 6.2 CULTURAL EXPLANATIONS
• 6.3 PARTIAL FALSIFICATION OF CULTURAL APPROACHES IN TRANSLATION STUDIES
• CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION
• 7.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE THESIS
• 7.2 LIMITATIONS OF THE THESIS
• 7.3 SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
• REFERENCES
• APPENDIX: ABBREVIATIONS IN THE THESIS
• PUBLICATIONS