本文主要研究内容
作者乔阳(2019)在《大城市空气污染影响因素的实证分析——以北京、哈尔滨、南昌、成都为例》一文中研究指出:改革开放以来,我国经济高速发展,但巨大的环境代价不容忽视。生态环境的破坏已成为建设小康社会的短板和瓶颈制约,影响社会稳定和公众健康。细颗粒物(PM2.5)作为当前大气污染的主要成分其涉及人群广、破坏性大、治理难度高。为了科学有效的治理空气污染状况与雾霾现象,本文对中国大城市空气污染现状、产业结构现状进行分析,探讨社会经济因素对空气污染的影响程度,对中国大城市的空气污染状况与雾霾现象提出建议。这对我国大城市的空气污染治理有重要的指导意义。本文选取2015—2017年北京市(华北地区)、哈尔滨市(东北地区)、南昌市(华东地区)、成都市(西南地区)的空气污染数据、产业结构数据与经济发展数据进行实证分析。对空气污染数据进行清洗后,利用GARCH模型对4个城市的细颗粒物(PM2.5)指数进行建模,得到条件均值和条件方差结合空气污染数据进行现状分析;采用偏离-份额分析法对中国大城市产业结构合理化进行分析,系统分析中国大城市雾霾污染的现状以与产业结构之间的联系;通过使用随机效应模型和分位数回归实证分析了人口规模、经济发展、交通因素、绿化建设、工业化水平对大城市空气污染状况与雾霾现象之间的关系。研究结果表明:2015—2017年北京市、哈尔滨市、南昌市、成都市的空气污染状况与雾霾现象逐渐缓解,南昌市的空气质量最好。北京市、哈尔滨市、成都市的细颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度呈现出可持续性及波动聚类现象,细颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度的持续性表明雾霾污染自身环境消散速度慢,波动聚类性表明雾霾变化剧烈,容易出现极端污染状况。南昌市的细颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度未呈现出可持续性及波动聚类现象;北京市与成都市需要对第三产业(服务业)需求更多的附加值,像周围欠发达城市转移已经采取固定化生产模式的企业,从而在保证产业结构合理性的同时缓解空气污染状况与雾霾现象。哈尔滨市与南昌市应该推动人口的集聚、推动产业的集聚,扩大城市规模。积极吸收周围地级市从事服务业的额外劳动力,促进第二产业(制造业)与第三产业(服务业)的关联性。北京市、哈尔滨市、南昌市、成都市都需要通过向现代化服务业的转型提高自身的经济效率与经济效益并缓解污染情况,将一些产生污染的产业转移到周围地级市,形成专业化分工的城市群;城市人口规模、全市地区生产总值、城镇化率对大城市空气污染状况与雾霾现象为正向影响,绿化覆盖率对大城市空气污染状况与雾霾现象为负向影响,绿化率的提高可以显著缓解污染状况。工业化水平(第二产业增加值占GDP比重)提高与其他综合因素互相影响会加重污染。汽车保有量的提高,导致尾气排放加大,混合型污染物浓度提高。根据实证分析结果,结合发达国家大城市雾霾治理的经验,从城市规模与经济发展角度为中国大城市空气污染的治理提出合理的政策建议。
Abstract
gai ge kai fang yi lai ,wo guo jing ji gao su fa zhan ,dan ju da de huan jing dai jia bu rong hu shi 。sheng tai huan jing de po huai yi cheng wei jian she xiao kang she hui de duan ban he ping geng zhi yao ,ying xiang she hui wen ding he gong zhong jian kang 。xi ke li wu (PM2.5)zuo wei dang qian da qi wu ran de zhu yao cheng fen ji she ji ren qun an 、po huai xing da 、zhi li nan du gao 。wei le ke xue you xiao de zhi li kong qi wu ran zhuang kuang yu wu mai xian xiang ,ben wen dui zhong guo da cheng shi kong qi wu ran xian zhuang 、chan ye jie gou xian zhuang jin hang fen xi ,tan tao she hui jing ji yin su dui kong qi wu ran de ying xiang cheng du ,dui zhong guo da cheng shi de kong qi wu ran zhuang kuang yu wu mai xian xiang di chu jian yi 。zhe dui wo guo da cheng shi de kong qi wu ran zhi li you chong yao de zhi dao yi yi 。ben wen shua qu 2015—2017nian bei jing shi (hua bei de ou )、ha er bin shi (dong bei de ou )、na chang shi (hua dong de ou )、cheng dou shi (xi na de ou )de kong qi wu ran shu ju 、chan ye jie gou shu ju yu jing ji fa zhan shu ju jin hang shi zheng fen xi 。dui kong qi wu ran shu ju jin hang qing xi hou ,li yong GARCHmo xing dui 4ge cheng shi de xi ke li wu (PM2.5)zhi shu jin hang jian mo ,de dao tiao jian jun zhi he tiao jian fang cha jie ge kong qi wu ran shu ju jin hang xian zhuang fen xi ;cai yong pian li -fen e fen xi fa dui zhong guo da cheng shi chan ye jie gou ge li hua jin hang fen xi ,ji tong fen xi zhong guo da cheng shi wu mai wu ran de xian zhuang yi yu chan ye jie gou zhi jian de lian ji ;tong guo shi yong sui ji xiao ying mo xing he fen wei shu hui gui shi zheng fen xi le ren kou gui mo 、jing ji fa zhan 、jiao tong yin su 、lu hua jian she 、gong ye hua shui ping dui da cheng shi kong qi wu ran zhuang kuang yu wu mai xian xiang zhi jian de guan ji 。yan jiu jie guo biao ming :2015—2017nian bei jing shi 、ha er bin shi 、na chang shi 、cheng dou shi de kong qi wu ran zhuang kuang yu wu mai xian xiang zhu jian huan jie ,na chang shi de kong qi zhi liang zui hao 。bei jing shi 、ha er bin shi 、cheng dou shi de xi ke li wu (PM2.5)nong du cheng xian chu ke chi xu xing ji bo dong ju lei xian xiang ,xi ke li wu (PM2.5)nong du de chi xu xing biao ming wu mai wu ran zi shen huan jing xiao san su du man ,bo dong ju lei xing biao ming wu mai bian hua ju lie ,rong yi chu xian ji duan wu ran zhuang kuang 。na chang shi de xi ke li wu (PM2.5)nong du wei cheng xian chu ke chi xu xing ji bo dong ju lei xian xiang ;bei jing shi yu cheng dou shi xu yao dui di san chan ye (fu wu ye )xu qiu geng duo de fu jia zhi ,xiang zhou wei qian fa da cheng shi zhuai yi yi jing cai qu gu ding hua sheng chan mo shi de qi ye ,cong er zai bao zheng chan ye jie gou ge li xing de tong shi huan jie kong qi wu ran zhuang kuang yu wu mai xian xiang 。ha er bin shi yu na chang shi ying gai tui dong ren kou de ji ju 、tui dong chan ye de ji ju ,kuo da cheng shi gui mo 。ji ji xi shou zhou wei de ji shi cong shi fu wu ye de e wai lao dong li ,cu jin di er chan ye (zhi zao ye )yu di san chan ye (fu wu ye )de guan lian xing 。bei jing shi 、ha er bin shi 、na chang shi 、cheng dou shi dou xu yao tong guo xiang xian dai hua fu wu ye de zhuai xing di gao zi shen de jing ji xiao lv yu jing ji xiao yi bing huan jie wu ran qing kuang ,jiang yi xie chan sheng wu ran de chan ye zhuai yi dao zhou wei de ji shi ,xing cheng zhuan ye hua fen gong de cheng shi qun ;cheng shi ren kou gui mo 、quan shi de ou sheng chan zong zhi 、cheng zhen hua lv dui da cheng shi kong qi wu ran zhuang kuang yu wu mai xian xiang wei zheng xiang ying xiang ,lu hua fu gai lv dui da cheng shi kong qi wu ran zhuang kuang yu wu mai xian xiang wei fu xiang ying xiang ,lu hua lv de di gao ke yi xian zhe huan jie wu ran zhuang kuang 。gong ye hua shui ping (di er chan ye zeng jia zhi zhan GDPbi chong )di gao yu ji ta zeng ge yin su hu xiang ying xiang hui jia chong wu ran 。qi che bao you liang de di gao ,dao zhi wei qi pai fang jia da ,hun ge xing wu ran wu nong du di gao 。gen ju shi zheng fen xi jie guo ,jie ge fa da guo jia da cheng shi wu mai zhi li de jing yan ,cong cheng shi gui mo yu jing ji fa zhan jiao du wei zhong guo da cheng shi kong qi wu ran de zhi li di chu ge li de zheng ce jian yi 。
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论文作者分别是来自江西财经大学的乔阳,发表于刊物江西财经大学2019-07-31论文,是一篇关于空气污染论文,模型论文,偏离份额分析论文,随机效应模型论文,分位数回归论文,江西财经大学2019-07-31论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自江西财经大学2019-07-31论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:空气污染论文; 模型论文; 偏离份额分析论文; 随机效应模型论文; 分位数回归论文; 江西财经大学2019-07-31论文;