本文主要研究内容
作者薛敏（2019）在《不同胁迫条件下沙冬青叶片膜脂组成和叶绿体FAD基因功能分析》一文中研究指出：膜脂是构成细胞膜系统的基本骨架,其组成及不饱和度与植物抵抗温度胁迫等逆境密切相关。沙冬青是中亚荒漠区唯一的常绿阔叶植物,具有极强的抗寒抗旱特性。本论文围绕沙冬青叶片膜脂组成及不饱和度与抗逆性的关系开展了三方面工作:(1)分析了在室内不同胁迫处理下和野外复合逆境中叶片脂肪酸不饱和度以及叶绿体膜脂相对含量与不饱和度的变化；(2)分析了叶绿体脂肪酸去饱和关键酶基因在不同胁迫条件下的表达变化；(3)克隆了叶绿体co-3脂肪酸去饱和酶基因AmFAD7和AmFAD8在抗逆性中的功能。主要结果如下:(1)在沙冬青叶片中共检测到11种脂肪酸,其中包括亚油酸(18:2)和亚麻酸(18:3),但无十六碳二烯酸(16:2)和十六碳三烯酸(16:3),因此该物种属于18:3植物。(2)在室内培养的沙冬青幼苗叶片中,脂肪酸不饱和度在低温和干旱处理下增加,而在热和盐胁迫处理下降低。在野外自然生长的沙冬青成株叶片中,脂肪酸不饱和度在夏季较低,在秋季和冬季较高。(3)在低温处理下,室内培养的沙冬青幼苗叶片中叶绿体膜脂组分单半乳糖甘油二酯(Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol,MGDG)、磷脂酰甘油(Phosphatidylglycerol,PG)和硫代异鼠李糖甘油二酯(Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol,SQDG)含量降低,而双半乳糖甘油二酯(Digalctosyldiaculglycerol,DGDG)含量增加，同时这四种脂类的脂肪酸不饱和度均增加。在热胁迫处理下,MGDG和DGDG含量降低,PG和SQDG含量增加,而四种脂类的脂肪酸不饱和度均降低。在干旱处理下,MGDG含量降低,而其余三种脂类含量均增加；DGDG中脂肪酸不饱和度增加,而其余三种脂类的不饱和度均降低。在盐胁迫处理下，MGDG和PG含量降低,DGDG和SQDG含量增加,四种脂类的脂肪酸不饱和度也均增加。有趣的是,在四种胁迫处理下MGDG的含量均降低,而DGDG与MGDG的比值均增加。在野外生长的成株叶片中,在春季和初夏MGDG含量较高,DGDG含量较低,而在其他季节这两种组分的含量正好相反。此外,在春季PG的脂肪酸不饱和度较高；在夏季MGDG和DGDG的不饱和度较低；在秋季MGDG和SQDG的不饱和度较高;在冬季四种脂类的不饱和度均较高。与室内培养的幼苗相比,野外生长的成株叶片中DGDG含量以及DGDG与MGDG的比值均较高。此外,其MGDG的不饱和度较低,而其余三种脂类不饱和度较高。(4)在沙冬青幼苗叶片中,持续两周的低温处理使AmFAD7和AmFAD8的转录水平高于对照,而AmFAD6低于对照；持续两周的热处理引起AmFAD6和AmFAD8的转录水平先上调后下调,而AmFAD7的转录水平始终低于对照；同样时长的干旱处理可诱导AmFAD6和AmFAD8，尤其是后者转录水平上调,而AmFAD7则下调；盐胁迫处理一周后可引起这三个基因的转录水平均上调。在野外生长的沙冬青嫩叶中,AmFAD6的转录水平在冬季略低于其他季节;AmFAD7的转录水平在秋、冬季总体上高于春、夏季；AmFAD8的转录水平在全年无明显的规律性变化。(5)AmFAD7和AmFAD8的编码蛋白分别由455和457个氨基酸残基组成,其中均含有1个叶绿体转运肽和3个保守的组氨酸簇。二者的gDNA编码区分别由2247 bp和2132 bp组成,其中均含有7个内含子和8个外显子。(6)在AmFAD7和AmFAD8的启动子中均包含光照和激素作用元件,在AmFAD8的启动子中还有低温和脱水应答元件。(7)在0～48 h胁迫处理期间,AmFAD7在幼苗地上部的表达量受低温和高温诱导而上调,但被盐胁迫抑制而下调;在幼苗根中,该基因则受低温和盐胁迫的诱导,而被热胁迫抑制。AmFAD8在幼苗地上部中受低温和盐胁迫诱导,而被热胁迫抑制；在幼苗根中,该基因受盐胁迫诱导而上调,被低温和热胁迫抑制而下调。(8)在野外生长植株中,AmFAD7和AmFAD8均在嫩叶中表达量最高,而分别在嫩枝和侧根中表达量最低。(9)AmFAD7和均可以提高其转基因拟南芥的抗冻性和耐旱性(AmFAD8耐旱作用更明显),但却降低了其耐热性。此外,转基因株系在低温和干旱胁迫下细胞膜的稳定性和抗氧化胁迫能力均明显提高。
Abstract
mo zhi shi gou cheng xi bao mo ji tong de ji ben gu jia ,ji zu cheng ji bu bao he du yu zhi wu di kang wen du xie pai deng ni jing mi qie xiang guan 。sha dong qing shi zhong ya huang mo ou wei yi de chang lu kuo xie zhi wu ,ju you ji jiang de kang han kang han te xing 。ben lun wen wei rao sha dong qing xie pian mo zhi zu cheng ji bu bao he du yu kang ni xing de guan ji kai zhan le san fang mian gong zuo :(1)fen xi le zai shi nei bu tong xie pai chu li xia he ye wai fu ge ni jing zhong xie pian zhi fang suan bu bao he du yi ji xie lu ti mo zhi xiang dui han liang yu bu bao he du de bian hua ；(2)fen xi le xie lu ti zhi fang suan qu bao he guan jian mei ji yin zai bu tong xie pai tiao jian xia de biao da bian hua ；(3)ke long le xie lu ti co-3zhi fang suan qu bao he mei ji yin AmFAD7he AmFAD8zai kang ni xing zhong de gong neng 。zhu yao jie guo ru xia :(1)zai sha dong qing xie pian zhong gong jian ce dao 11chong zhi fang suan ,ji zhong bao gua ya you suan (18:2)he ya ma suan (18:3),dan mo shi liu tan er xi suan (16:2)he shi liu tan san xi suan (16:3),yin ci gai wu chong shu yu 18:3zhi wu 。(2)zai shi nei pei yang de sha dong qing you miao xie pian zhong ,zhi fang suan bu bao he du zai di wen he gan han chu li xia zeng jia ,er zai re he yan xie pai chu li xia jiang di 。zai ye wai zi ran sheng chang de sha dong qing cheng zhu xie pian zhong ,zhi fang suan bu bao he du zai xia ji jiao di ,zai qiu ji he dong ji jiao gao 。(3)zai di wen chu li xia ,shi nei pei yang de sha dong qing you miao xie pian zhong xie lu ti mo zhi zu fen chan ban ru tang gan you er zhi (Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol,MGDG)、lin zhi xian gan you (Phosphatidylglycerol,PG)he liu dai yi shu li tang gan you er zhi (Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol,SQDG)han liang jiang di ,er shuang ban ru tang gan you er zhi (Digalctosyldiaculglycerol,DGDG)han liang zeng jia ，tong shi zhe si chong zhi lei de zhi fang suan bu bao he du jun zeng jia 。zai re xie pai chu li xia ,MGDGhe DGDGhan liang jiang di ,PGhe SQDGhan liang zeng jia ,er si chong zhi lei de zhi fang suan bu bao he du jun jiang di 。zai gan han chu li xia ,MGDGhan liang jiang di ,er ji yu san chong zhi lei han liang jun zeng jia ；DGDGzhong zhi fang suan bu bao he du zeng jia ,er ji yu san chong zhi lei de bu bao he du jun jiang di 。zai yan xie pai chu li xia ，MGDGhe PGhan liang jiang di ,DGDGhe SQDGhan liang zeng jia ,si chong zhi lei de zhi fang suan bu bao he du ye jun zeng jia 。you qu de shi ,zai si chong xie pai chu li xia MGDGde han liang jun jiang di ,er DGDGyu MGDGde bi zhi jun zeng jia 。zai ye wai sheng chang de cheng zhu xie pian zhong ,zai chun ji he chu xia MGDGhan liang jiao gao ,DGDGhan liang jiao di ,er zai ji ta ji jie zhe liang chong zu fen de han liang zheng hao xiang fan 。ci wai ,zai chun ji PGde zhi fang suan bu bao he du jiao gao ；zai xia ji MGDGhe DGDGde bu bao he du jiao di ；zai qiu ji MGDGhe SQDGde bu bao he du jiao gao ;zai dong ji si chong zhi lei de bu bao he du jun jiao gao 。yu shi nei pei yang de you miao xiang bi ,ye wai sheng chang de cheng zhu xie pian zhong DGDGhan liang yi ji DGDGyu MGDGde bi zhi jun jiao gao 。ci wai ,ji MGDGde bu bao he du jiao di ,er ji yu san chong zhi lei bu bao he du jiao gao 。(4)zai sha dong qing you miao xie pian zhong ,chi xu liang zhou de di wen chu li shi AmFAD7he AmFAD8de zhuai lu shui ping gao yu dui zhao ,er AmFAD6di yu dui zhao ；chi xu liang zhou de re chu li yin qi AmFAD6he AmFAD8de zhuai lu shui ping xian shang diao hou xia diao ,er AmFAD7de zhuai lu shui ping shi zhong di yu dui zhao ；tong yang shi chang de gan han chu li ke you dao AmFAD6he AmFAD8，you ji shi hou zhe zhuai lu shui ping shang diao ,er AmFAD7ze xia diao ；yan xie pai chu li yi zhou hou ke yin qi zhe san ge ji yin de zhuai lu shui ping jun shang diao 。zai ye wai sheng chang de sha dong qing nen xie zhong ,AmFAD6de zhuai lu shui ping zai dong ji lve di yu ji ta ji jie ;AmFAD7de zhuai lu shui ping zai qiu 、dong ji zong ti shang gao yu chun 、xia ji ；AmFAD8de zhuai lu shui ping zai quan nian mo ming xian de gui lv xing bian hua 。(5)AmFAD7he AmFAD8de bian ma dan bai fen bie you 455he 457ge an ji suan can ji zu cheng ,ji zhong jun han you 1ge xie lu ti zhuai yun tai he 3ge bao shou de zu an suan cu 。er zhe de gDNAbian ma ou fen bie you 2247 bphe 2132 bpzu cheng ,ji zhong jun han you 7ge nei han zi he 8ge wai xian zi 。(6)zai AmFAD7he AmFAD8de qi dong zi zhong jun bao han guang zhao he ji su zuo yong yuan jian ,zai AmFAD8de qi dong zi zhong hai you di wen he tuo shui ying da yuan jian 。(7)zai 0～48 hxie pai chu li ji jian ,AmFAD7zai you miao de shang bu de biao da liang shou di wen he gao wen you dao er shang diao ,dan bei yan xie pai yi zhi er xia diao ;zai you miao gen zhong ,gai ji yin ze shou di wen he yan xie pai de you dao ,er bei re xie pai yi zhi 。AmFAD8zai you miao de shang bu zhong shou di wen he yan xie pai you dao ,er bei re xie pai yi zhi ；zai you miao gen zhong ,gai ji yin shou yan xie pai you dao er shang diao ,bei di wen he re xie pai yi zhi er xia diao 。(8)zai ye wai sheng chang zhi zhu zhong ,AmFAD7he AmFAD8jun zai nen xie zhong biao da liang zui gao ,er fen bie zai nen zhi he ce gen zhong biao da liang zui di 。(9)AmFAD7he jun ke yi di gao ji zhuai ji yin ni na gai de kang dong xing he nai han xing (AmFAD8nai han zuo yong geng ming xian ),dan que jiang di le ji nai re xing 。ci wai ,zhuai ji yin zhu ji zai di wen he gan han xie pai xia xi bao mo de wen ding xing he kang yang hua xie pai neng li jun ming xian di gao 。
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论文作者分别是来自内蒙古农业大学的薛敏，发表于刊物内蒙古农业大学2019-10-08论文，是一篇关于沙冬青论文,非生物胁迫论文,膜脂论文,基因论文,表达分析论文,功能研究论文,内蒙古农业大学2019-10-08论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自内蒙古农业大学2019-10-08论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：沙冬青论文; 非生物胁迫论文; 膜脂论文; 基因论文; 表达分析论文; 功能研究论文; 内蒙古农业大学2019-10-08论文;